Interaction of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles with umbilical cord RBC

Introduction Umbilical cord blood contains stem cells which are useful in chemotherapy, implantation; however, cord RBC is considered as a waste product. It is necessary to use the umbilical cord blood for neonatal blood transfusion to avoid diseases. Nowadays, nanoparticles are used in biomedical and pharmaceutical industry. Nanoparticles interact with blood via different routes. In addition, these nanoparticles used in biomedicine, drug delivery, bioimaging, and to increase the shelf life of RBC. Nevertheless, research of nanoparticle interaction with umbilical cord red blood cells is still insufficient. Thus, in the present study, interaction between umbilical cord blood-RBC and citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles is studied.

Umbilical cord rbc isolated from whole blood immediately after the collection using centrifuge. PBS buffer is used as a physiological media and washing reagent. After, interaction of isolated RBC (2% suspension) with different concentration of citrate stabilized gold nanoparticle were investigated using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Interfacial tension measurement technique.

UV-Visible spectroscopy is used to investigate the changes in Soret band and oxygenation bands (Q1 and Q2). Variation in absorption intensity is observed in umbilical cord RBC incubated citrate stabilized gold nanoparticles. However, there is no significant shift in Soret band and Q1, Q2 band of cord-RBC with Au nanoparticles. In case of Raman spectroscopy, enhancement in disulphide band region (526 cm-1 and 579 cm-1) and change in the spin state marker is investigated. While, interfacial tension decreases for 10 µl and increases for 100 µl and 200µl of 40 nM AuNP.

The umbilical cord rbc remains unaffected by 10 µl of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (40 nM). Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. Funding Statement This study did not receive any funding Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: Ethical committee of Savitribai Phule Pune University gave ethical approval for this work. I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable. Yes