Modeling of the Body Surface Potential Map for Anisotropic Human Heart Activation

Modeling of the Body Surface Potential Map for Anisotropic Human Heart Activation | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Method Article Modeling of the Body Surface Potential Map for Anisotropic Human Heart Activation Ihab ELAFF This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6840196/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Modeling the bioelectricity of biological tissues, such the heart and brain, has been used in several studies and has been shown to produce results that are satisfactory when contrasted with actual data. The entire mathematical model of the challenge of creating a body surface potential map (BSPM) for the heart is presented in detail, from beginning to end. From the heart picture, a realistic Purkinje-network topology is used to generate the excitation propagation of the normal cardiac activation. Electromagnetic fields that can be detected as potential fields on the body surface and magnetic fields outside the body surface are produced by current sources that originate from potential differences between excitable and non-excitable tissues during cardiac tissue excitation. The finite element model for active tissues potential field equation has been developed by implementing a few boundary conditions and approximations that are appropriate for simulating biological tissues. With straightforward formulas, the formulation also accounts for the anisotropy of the cardiac tissues. A multi-pole anisotropic volume source operating in an inhomogeneous volume conductor is used to represent heart excitation. The ECG and Body-Surface-Potential-Map (BSPM) reference models have been used to validate the results. Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems Electrophysiology Body-Surface-Potential-Map ECG Volume-Source Volume-Conductor Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6840196","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Method Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":467781728,"identity":"ff724e97-74f2-4be8-a385-f2796a4736a9","order_by":0,"name":"Ihab ELAFF","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA90lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACNgkGNiBlwcDAfPDhY7AQM3MDMVokgKxkY2MGBgOgFkb8WhiQtJhJg7UwENDCJ9387AFDhQQDfxszW3VBxZ9o/naglh8V23A7TOaYuQHDGQkGiWPMbLdnnDHInXGYsYGx58xtPH5JMJNgbAM67H7/sdu8bQa5DUAtzIxt+LSkf5Ng/CfBIA+0pRikZT5hLTlAWxokGAyAWphBWjYQoaXcgOGYBIPhMWZmaZ4zxrkbgVoO4vOL/Iz0bQ8YamwY5I4xM37mqZDLnXf+8MEHPypwawEB5j8MDPUNyCIH8KofBaNgFIyCUUAQAAAJoktyMQ4B0wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0913-5476","institution":"Qatar University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ihab","middleName":"","lastName":"ELAFF","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-06-07 02:53:27","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6840196/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6840196/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":84284201,"identity":"c169b58e-2f15-42fa-b4cd-7b0450b901c0","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-06-10 07:17:23","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":582037,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"BSPM101.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6840196/v1_covered_b6331ba5-4c12-48ec-945a-41e1467ce95d.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eModeling of the Body Surface Potential Map for Anisotropic Human Heart Activation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"Qatar University","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Electrophysiology, Body-Surface-Potential-Map, ECG, Volume-Source, Volume-Conductor","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6840196/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6840196/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eModeling the bioelectricity of biological tissues, such the heart and brain, has been used in several studies and has been shown to produce results that are satisfactory when contrasted with actual data. 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