Anchorage-Seepage Coupling Mechanisms and Multi-Objective Optimization for Progressive Failure Control in Water level fluctuation Zones

Anchorage-Seepage Coupling Mechanisms and Multi-Objective Optimization for Progressive Failure Control in Water level fluctuation Zones | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Anchorage-Seepage Coupling Mechanisms and Multi-Objective Optimization for Progressive Failure Control in Water level fluctuation Zones Chang Zhou, Kai Chen, Xiangdong Meng, Wenchao Ma, Luqi Wang, Zizhao Zhang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9277703/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 6 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Reservoir water-level fluctuation (WLF) zones are critically destabilized by cyclic seepage heterogeneity and soil erosion. This poses major threats to infrastructure resilience and slope stability. This study aims to elucidate the failure mechanisms and design adaptive reinforcement strategies. We combine transparent soil physical modeling with a machine learning-driven optimization framework. High-resolution visualization of nine orthogonal test scenarios was conducted. Results show that rapid reservoir drawdown induces upward migration of preferential flow paths. These paths are located within the 3rd to 6th permeability bands. This process triggers a six-stage retrogressive failure sequence. It begins with initial toe erosion, progresses to mid-slope tensile cracking, and finally forms terraced microtopography through collapse-slide interactions. A prestressed umbrella anchor systems was tested as a reinforcement measure. This system counteracts failure dynamics by densifying the soil structure. It also redirects failure surfaces to intersect anchor positions. Consequently, it effectively suppresses liquefaction-driven sliding. Furthermore, it converts catastrophic fluid-like collapse into localized, stress-controlled instability. A novel multi-objective optimization model was developed. It synthesizes asymmetric Nash bargaining and proximal policy optimization (PPO). This model resolves the key trade-off between slope angle, anchor spacing, drawdown rate. It generated 12 Pareto-optimal solutions that balance hydraulic and mechanical constraints. These designs achieve a 62–93% improvement in stability and yield 18–47% cost savings. Their performance was validated against displacement variance thresholds. This study establishes a dual intervention paradigm for WLF zones. It harmonizes seepage field management with strategic mechanical reinforcement. This integrated approach mitigates progressive failure under extreme hydrological cycles. Reservoir landslides Water-level Fluctuation Zone Umbrella anchor cable Failure mechanism Optimal design Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 17 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 06 Apr, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 06 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 31 Mar, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 31 Mar, 2026 First submitted to journal 31 Mar, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9277703","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":618552071,"identity":"d4a1cf5a-775a-4fdf-9445-6c249a3630c3","order_by":0,"name":"Chang 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