Onboard Geomagnetic Field Generation Module for CubeSat Attitude Control Simulations

Onboard Geomagnetic Field Generation Module for CubeSat Attitude Control Simulations | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Onboard Geomagnetic Field Generation Module for CubeSat Attitude Control Simulations Kuei-Tsun Chen, Chen-Jeih Pan This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8416481/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In recent decades, employing small satellites in low earth orbit (LEO) has an increasing tendency. Generally, they are equipped with a magnetic torque actuator (e.g., magnetorquer, MTQ) and a reaction wheel (RW) that are associatively manipulated to perform various operation modes. As a matter of fact, the LEO satellites functionally experience the Earth’s magnetic field more than other spacecrafts, and the B-dot control scheme inherently utilizing the geomagnetic field is unanimously applied among small satellites mainly for the maneuvers of attitude detumbling and RW momentum desaturation. In this paper, perceiving the need for a geomagnetic field generation module to provide a LEO environment when developing CubeSat’s ADCS, an integrated “Onboard Geomagnetic Field Generation Module (OGFGM)” consisting of an orbit propagator, an IGRF model, and coordinate rotation matrices is proposed, which can be flexibly and conveniently embedded in the relevant systematical platforms (e.g., model-in-the-loop (MIL), hardware-in-the-loop (HIL), etc.) to render the in-orbit geomagnetic conditions, enabling the dynamic magnetic field simulations required for ADCS research and design (R&D) as well as relevant experimental testing to be performed in a real-time and coherent manner. In this work, the computed local geomagnetic fields (BNED) of three orbit types (e.g., ISS, Polar, and Equatorial) are validated with the BGS (British Geological Survey) website IGRF calculator, the integrity of respective geomagnetic field conversions during the MIL simulation is examined, and performance of the B-cross control scheme adopting mechatronics engineering strategy is simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment showing a substantial enhancement in actuation effort. Orbit propagator IGRF model CubeSat Low earth orbit (LEO) Magnetorquer Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8416481","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":563993864,"identity":"1e13066f-40af-4e74-a383-19b4b1a012a0","order_by":0,"name":"Kuei-Tsun 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Simulations","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Orbit propagator, IGRF model, CubeSat, Low earth orbit (LEO), 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Generally, they are equipped with a magnetic torque actuator (e.g., magnetorquer, MTQ) and a reaction wheel (RW) that are associatively manipulated to perform various operation modes. As a matter of fact, the LEO satellites functionally experience the Earth’s magnetic field more than other spacecrafts, and the B-dot control scheme inherently utilizing the geomagnetic field is unanimously applied among small satellites mainly for the maneuvers of attitude detumbling and RW momentum desaturation. In this paper, perceiving the need for a geomagnetic field generation module to provide a LEO environment when developing CubeSat’s ADCS, an integrated “Onboard Geomagnetic Field Generation Module (OGFGM)” consisting of an orbit propagator, an IGRF model, and coordinate rotation matrices is proposed, which can be flexibly and conveniently embedded in the relevant systematical platforms (e.g., model-in-the-loop (MIL), hardware-in-the-loop (HIL), etc.) to render the in-orbit geomagnetic conditions, enabling the dynamic magnetic field simulations required for ADCS research and design (R\u0026D) as well as relevant experimental testing to be performed in a real-time and coherent manner. In this work, the computed local geomagnetic fields (BNED) of three orbit types (e.g., ISS, Polar, and Equatorial) are validated with the BGS (British Geological Survey) website IGRF calculator, the integrity of respective geomagnetic field conversions during the MIL simulation is examined, and performance of the B-cross control scheme adopting mechatronics engineering strategy is simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment showing a substantial enhancement in actuation effort.","manuscriptTitle":"Onboard Geomagnetic Field Generation Module for CubeSat Attitude Control Simulations","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-12-24 12:45:08","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8416481/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"b11abd14-7bd6-4122-ae3c-b2c8200a3ef2","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 24th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-14T09:55:50+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-12-24 12:45:08","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8416481","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8416481","identity":"rs-8416481","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}