Patterns of Uterine Abnormalities Detected by Transvaginal Ultrasonography among Infertile Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh

Touqeer Ahmed, Nazmul Haque, Bithi Debnath, Md Maruful Haque, Adneen Moureen, Shahnaz Choudhury, Rebeka Khanam
In: Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh · 2025 · vol. 11(1) , pp. 81–87 · doi:10.3329/jninb.v11i1.86151 · W4417529290
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This cross-sectional study found that transvaginal ultrasonography detected uterine pathologies in 93% of infertile women in Bangladesh, with fibroids and adenomyosis being the most common acquired abnormalities.

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Abstract

Background: Uterine abnormalities are common but often underdiagnosed contributors to female infertility, and transvaginal ultrasonography provides a sensitive, non-invasive method to detect these structural pathologies—an area particularly relevant in Bangladesh, where infertility poses a growing reproductive health challenge. Objective: This study aimed to assess the presence and pattern of uterine abnormalities using transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) in women presenting with infertility in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2020 at the Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. A total of 98 women presenting with infertility and undergoing routine TVS were enrolled. Women with hormonal disorders or male factor infertility were excluded. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, reproductive and menstrual history were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. TVS findings were also recorded. Results: The mean age of participants was 30 ± 5 (SD) years; 67.0% resided in urban areas and 69.0% had primary infertility. Menorrhagia was reported in 54% and dysmenorrhea in 26.0% of participants. TVS revealed uterine pathologies in 93.0% of cases, with acquired causes being predominant. Fibroids were the most common finding (54.0%), followed by adenomyosis (28.0%). Other acquired abnormalities included endometrial polyps (6.0%), endometrial hyperplasia (4.0%), and intrauterine adhesions (1.0%). Congenital uterine anomalies were observed in 16.0% of women, with arcuate uterus being the most frequent (11.0%). Congenital uterine pathologies were more common in participants with primary infertility (21.0% vs 8.0%), while acquired uterine causes were more frequent in participants with secondary infertility (92.0% vs. 79.0%). No statistically significant association was observed (p>0.05). Conclusion: TVS identified a high prevalence of uterine pathologies, with fibroids and adenomyosis being the most common. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2025;11(1): 81-87
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Background

Uterine abnormalities are common but often underdiagnosed contributors to female infertility, and transvaginal ultrasonography provides a sensitive, non-invasive method to detect these structural pathologies—an area particularly relevant in Bangladesh, where infertility poses a growing reproductive health challenge.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the presence and pattern of uterine abnormalities using transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) in women presenting with infertility in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2020 at the Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. A total of 98 women presenting with infertility and undergoing routine TVS were enrolled. Women with hormonal disorders or male factor infertility were excluded. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, reproductive and menstrual history were collected through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. TVS findings were also recorded.

Results

The mean age of participants was 30 ± 5 (SD) years; 67.0% resided in urban areas and 69.0% had primary infertility. Menorrhagia was reported in 54% and dysmenorrhea in 26.0% of participants. TVS revealed uterine pathologies in 93.0% of cases, with acquired causes being predominant. Fibroids were the most common finding (54.0%), followed by adenomyosis (28.0%). Other acquired abnormalities included endometrial polyps (6.0%), endometrial hyperplasia (4.0%), and intrauterine adhesions (1.0%). Congenital uterine anomalies were observed in 16.0% of women, with arcuate uterus being the most frequent (11.0%). Congenital uterine pathologies were more common in participants with primary infertility (21.0% vs 8.0%), while acquired uterine causes were more frequent in participants with secondary infertility (92.0% vs. 79.0%). No statistically significant association was observed (p>0.05).

Conclusion

TVS identified a high prevalence of uterine pathologies, with fibroids and adenomyosis being the most common. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2025;11(1): 81-87 Downloads 157 198 Downloads Published How to Cite Issue Section License Copyright (c) 2025 Tahmina Ahmed, Nazmul Haque, Bithi Debnath, Ms. Narmin Haque, Adneen Moureen This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Copyright on any research article in the Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh is retained by the author(s). The authors grant the National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Articles in the Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh are Open Access articles published under the Creative Commons CC BY-NC License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) This license permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and it is not used for commercial purposes.

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adenomyosisdysmenorrheainfertility

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