Light-scattering–assisted near-infrared spectroscopy for improved quantitative analysis of tissue chromophores and oxygenation

Light-scattering–assisted near-infrared spectroscopy for improved quantitative analysis of tissue chromophores and oxygenation | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Light-scattering–assisted near-infrared spectroscopy for improved quantitative analysis of tissue chromophores and oxygenation Vladimir Hovhannisyan, Yvonne Yuling Hu, Liang-Wei Chen, Chun-Yu Lin, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8026713/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive and quantitative technique for analyzing biological tissues, particularly effective within the 670–1,000 nm spectral range due to the high optical transparency of this window. NIRS enables real-time assessment of key chromophores—deoxyhemoglobin (Hb), oxyhemoglobin (HbO₂), and oxidized cytochrome c oxidase (CCO)—thereby providing valuable insights into tissue oxygenation and metabolic activity in vivo . However, conventional NIRS approaches often overlook the influence of tissue light scattering, leading to inaccuracies in chromophore quantification. To address this limitation, we developed a portable, four-wavelength enhanced NIRS system capable of simultaneously monitoring fluctuations in Hb, HbO₂, and CCO concentrations while capturing dynamic variations in tissue light-scattering properties. Experiments performed under diverse respiratory and circulatory conditions demonstrate that integrating light-scattering analysis substantially improves the accuracy of chromophore quantification. Our findings reveal that incorporating scattering information refines absorption evaluation and significantly enhances the precision of NIRS-based oxygenation monitoring. This light-scattering–assisted approach advances the analytical performance of NIRS and extends its applicability for comprehensive physiological assessment in vivo , bridging the gap between scattering effects and quantitative tissue spectroscopy. Biological sciences/Biological techniques Biological sciences/Biophysics Physical sciences/Chemistry Physical sciences/Optics and photonics Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8026713","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":545759494,"identity":"b09e7d67-48c7-4dea-aad3-7605edc8342e","order_by":0,"name":"Vladimir Hovhannisyan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Vladimir","middleName":"","lastName":"Hovhannisyan","suffix":""},{"id":545759495,"identity":"5ababefd-a6f9-459c-8028-69da551f093a","order_by":1,"name":"Yvonne Yuling Hu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Cheng Kung 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oxygenation","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research 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NIRS enables real-time assessment of key chromophores\u0026mdash;deoxyhemoglobin (Hb), oxyhemoglobin (HbO₂), and oxidized cytochrome c oxidase (CCO)\u0026mdash;thereby providing valuable insights into tissue oxygenation and metabolic activity \u003cem\u003ein vivo\u003c/em\u003e. However, conventional NIRS approaches often overlook the influence of tissue light scattering, leading to inaccuracies in chromophore quantification. To address this limitation, we developed a portable, four-wavelength enhanced NIRS system capable of simultaneously monitoring fluctuations in Hb, HbO₂, and CCO concentrations while capturing dynamic variations in tissue light-scattering properties. Experiments performed under diverse respiratory and circulatory conditions demonstrate that integrating light-scattering analysis substantially improves the accuracy of chromophore quantification. Our findings reveal that incorporating scattering information refines absorption evaluation and significantly enhances the precision of NIRS-based oxygenation monitoring. This light-scattering\u0026ndash;assisted approach advances the analytical performance of NIRS and extends its applicability for comprehensive physiological assessment \u003cem\u003ein vivo\u003c/em\u003e, bridging the gap between scattering effects and quantitative tissue spectroscopy.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Light-scattering–assisted near-infrared spectroscopy for improved quantitative analysis of tissue chromophores and oxygenation","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-11-19 18:22:20","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8026713/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"82cc1c2f-1cd7-40d5-93eb-a1b86a001c12","owner":[],"postedDate":"November 19th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":58062178,"name":"Biological sciences/Biological techniques"},{"id":58062179,"name":"Biological sciences/Biophysics"},{"id":58062180,"name":"Physical sciences/Chemistry"},{"id":58062181,"name":"Physical sciences/Optics and photonics"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-12-03T16:38:54+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-11-19 18:22:20","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8026713","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8026713","identity":"rs-8026713","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}