Concomitant gynecological pathologies and risk factors for Adenomyosis

In: The Medical Journal of Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital · 2016 · doi:10.5222/otd.2016.1046 · W2402816936
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2Department Of Obstetrics And Gynecology, Dr. Sami Ulus Womens 3Department Of Pathology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training And Research Hospital, Istanbul Abstract INTRODUCTIONTo determine the risk factors for adenomyosis and to assess its association with coexisting gynecologic pathologies.METHODSThe present study was performed by retrospectively analyzing the hospital records of 601 patients who underwent hysterectomy for benign indications at a tertiary referral center between 2012 and 2015. According to final pathology reports, 236 patients with adenomyosis and 365 patients without adenomyosis were included in the study. The study groups were compared in terms of surgery indications, demographic and reproductive characteristics, and accompanying pathologies.RESULTSThe most common indications for hysterectomy were leiomyoma (56.7%) and uterine prolapse (20.9%). Leiomyoma was the most common pathology that accompanied adenomyosis. Moreover, endometrial polyps and hyperplasia were also more common in patients with adenomyosis. The age group in which adenomyosis was most frequently encountered was between 40 and 49 years. History of prior cesarean section, abortion and uterine curettage were found to be risk factors for adenomyosis development.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONAdenomyosis should be included in differential diagnosis, especially in women older than 40 years of age, who present with menometrorrhagia and chronic pelvic pain. Previous cesarean, abortion and curettage are risk factors for adenomyosis. Because of endometrial hyperplasia and polyps commonly accompany this disorder, patients suspected of having adenomyosis should undergo endometrial sampling. 2Sami Ulus Kadın Sağlığı Ve Çocuk Hastalıkları Hastanesi, Jinekoloji Ve Obstetrik Departmanı, Ankara 3Kanuni Sultan Süleyaman Eğitim Ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Patoloji Departmanı, İstanbul GİRİŞ ve AMAÇÇalışmanın amacı adenomyozis için risk faktörlerinin saptanması ve beraberinde eşlik eden jinekolojik patolojilerle ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLERÇalışmamız, 2012 ve 2015 tarihleri arasında 3. Basamak referans merkez olan hastanemizde beningn nedenlerle histerektomi yapılmış olan 601 hastanın dosyalarının retrospektif olarak taranmasıyla oluşturulmuştur. Histopatolojik inceleme sonucu çalışmaya 236 adenomyozisi bulunan ve 365 adenomyozisi bulunmayan olgu dahil edilmiştir. Gruplar operasyon endikasyonları, demografik ve reprodüktif özellikler ile eşlik eden patolojiler açısından karşılaştırılmıştır.BULGULAR601 olgunun değerlendirildiği çalışmamızda leiomyoma (%56,7) ve uterin desensus (%20,9) en sık operasyon endikasyonlarını oluşturmaktaydı. Adenomyozise en sık eşlik eden patolojiler leiomyoma iken endometrial polip ve hiperplazinin kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek oranda beraberlik gösterdiği saptandı. Adenomyozisin en sık saptandığı yaş grubu 40-49 yaş olarak bulundu. Geçirilmiş sezaryen, abortus ve küretajın adenomyozis için bir risk faktörü olduğu gözlendi.TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇÖzellikle tedaviye dirençli menometroraji ve kronik pelvik ağrısı bulunan 40 yaş üstü hastalarda ayırıcı tanıda adenomiyozis akla gelmelidir. Geçirilmiş sezaryen, abort ve küretaj adenomiyozis için risk faktörüdür. Endometrial hiperplazi ve polipin de sıklıkla eşlik etmesi nedeniyle adenomiyozis olduğu düşünülen hastalara endometrial örnekleme yapılması gerekmektedir.

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