Congenital oesophageal stenosis caused by tracheobronchial structures in the oesophageal wall

Congenital oesophageal stenosis caused by heterotopic cartilage and other tracheobronchial structures in the oesophageal wall is a very rare condition. The first case was described by Frey and Duschl in 1936, and only 16 further cases have been reported since that date. We report two further cases of the anomaly. The first, like the majority described previously, was an isolated defect in an otherwise normal child. The second was associated with an oesophageal atresia with a tracheooesophageal fistula and multiple developmental anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract.