Regulation of the cell wall integrity pathway at the contact site between mating partners in yeast

ABSTRACT The fungal cell wall is constantly remodeled to allow cell growth, but any holes in the cell wall would lead to catastrophic lysis. The “Cell Wall Integrity” pathway (CWI) detects cell wall defects and promotes cell wall thickening or repair to protect cell integrity. However, cell walls must be removed at contact sites between fusing cells during mating or mycelium formation. Here we show that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the CWI is downregulated specifically at the contact site between mating cells. A key component of the CWI, Pkc1, accumulated at polarity sites (shmoo tips) in cells exposed to mating pheromone, but not at contact sites. Pkc1 exclusion required a cell wall protein, Fig2, induced by pheromone. In mutants lacking Fig2, cell wall removal was delayed, blocked, or even reversed after transient fusion, leading to reduced mating. These results suggest that Fig2 designates the contact site as a “safe” spot to degrade the cell wall. eTOC Curtis and Lew show that the fungal “Cell Wall Integrity” repair pathway is silenced at contact sites between mating partners to allow cell wall degradation and fusion. They identify a cell wall protein needed to distinguish the contact site as a safe spot for wall removal. Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. Abbreviations - CWI - Cell Wall Integrity Pathway - GAP - GTPase Activating Protein - GEF - Guanine nucleotide Exchange Factor - MAPK - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase - WT - Wild-Type