Hybrid Cooling and Smart Automation in Atmospheric Water Generation: A Sustainable Solution for Water-Scarce Regions

Hybrid Cooling and Smart Automation in Atmospheric Water Generation: A Sustainable Solution for Water-Scarce Regions | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Hybrid Cooling and Smart Automation in Atmospheric Water Generation: A Sustainable Solution for Water-Scarce Regions Walaa A. Sabbar, Zinah Salman, Sabreen A. Abood, Raad Z. Homod, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7432648/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Water shortage, intensified by climate change and population expansion, demands water extraction methods. This project seeks to design and assess an atmospheric water generator (AWG) incorporating a vapor compression system with evaporative cooling to improve water extraction efficiency from the atmosphere in hot and humid environments. To enhance automation and monitoring capabilities, the system incorporates a Wi-Fi-based remote control module (Wi-Fi Switch Basic R2). The AWG operates by chilling humid air beneath its dew point, promoting condensation. Evaporative coolers help to maximize the water extraction process by keeping the humidity from dropping too low. This research is distinguished by its dual-stage cooling method, the incorporation of intelligent control for remote operation, and applicability in adverse climatic situations. Experimental findings indicate substantial water production, attaining 0.5 L/h in May and 10.8 L/h during a 30-day. Furthermore, the coefficient of performance (COP) reached a maximum of 4. This research enhances the field by evaluating the viability of AWG systems under harsh conditions, demonstrating their capacity as a sustainable water supply. The results offer significant insights for enhancing AWG performance via intelligent automation and hybrid cooling methods, facilitating the advancement of scalable and energy-efficient atmospheric water extraction technology for water-scarce areas. The air in places where water is scarce typically has low humidity, which indicates that there is not much water in it. The system's efficacy is dependent upon the air's relative humidity, the temperature of the air, the condensation device's effectiveness. The amount of water that can be retrieved increases with system efficiency and humidity levels. water scarcity global warming population growth sustainability water resources atmospheric water generators Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7432648","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":510513702,"identity":"be2df481-eab8-4926-ba5a-ecb30b742f07","order_by":0,"name":"Walaa A. Sabbar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Engineering Technical College, Southern Technical University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Walaa","middleName":"A.","lastName":"Sabbar","suffix":""},{"id":510513703,"identity":"87b9792c-eddc-4ec7-b9bc-e3cb97ced4be","order_by":1,"name":"Zinah Salman","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Engineering Technical College, Southern Technical University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zinah","middleName":"","lastName":"Salman","suffix":""},{"id":510513704,"identity":"85fa1287-4f6d-405d-b6c0-10568ea21ded","order_by":2,"name":"Sabreen A. Abood","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Engineering Technical College, Shatt Al-Arab University College","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sabreen","middleName":"A.","lastName":"Abood","suffix":""},{"id":510513705,"identity":"3457dbd7-d43b-4af2-a3be-c4cfbb57b6ab","order_by":3,"name":"Raad Z. Homod","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAxklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJACCcYGEJV8gAHCIF5LWgLJWnIMiNNi3n744Y2fO7bJ8bPnfJP4ucNGjoH98NEN+LTInEkztuw9c9tYsuftNsleII+BJy3tBl5HMSSYSfC23U7ccCN3G5BxOLFBgscMvxb+598k/4K15DwDMojRIpFjJg2xJYdNmjhbJN4UW8u2gfzyzBjISDNmI+gX/vSNN9+23QaGWPJDIMMGyDh8DK8WZMAiASLZiFUOAswfSFE9CkbBKBgFIwcAAMI7TSrjt4suAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Basrah University for Oil and Gas","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Raad","middleName":"Z.","lastName":"Homod","suffix":""},{"id":510513706,"identity":"eba949d5-fd2e-4581-a5a9-02770fdc9148","order_by":4,"name":"Krishna K. Yadav","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Madhyanchal Professional University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Krishna","middleName":"K.","lastName":"Yadav","suffix":""},{"id":510513707,"identity":"e5a0c560-f052-4302-aac3-161514210407","order_by":5,"name":"Hayder I. Mohammad","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Imam Ja’afar Al-Sadiq University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hayder","middleName":"I.","lastName":"Mohammad","suffix":""},{"id":510513708,"identity":"724740bf-35c5-45fd-bf58-a6512e94b42a","order_by":6,"name":"Musatafa A.A. Albadr","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Basrah University for Oil and Gas","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Musatafa","middleName":"A.A.","lastName":"Albadr","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-08-22 08:53:41","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7432648/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7432648/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":91148795,"identity":"51bb4126-ffaf-46b8-9f9e-b617646faec6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-09-12 06:45:39","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":985637,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscrip.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7432648/v1_covered_68119e4d-9daa-42ae-ab6f-d9dce13dfa9e.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Hybrid Cooling and Smart Automation in Atmospheric Water Generation: A Sustainable Solution for Water-Scarce Regions","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"water scarcity, global warming, population growth, sustainability, water resources, atmospheric water generators","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7432648/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7432648/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eWater shortage, intensified by climate change and population expansion, demands water extraction methods. This project seeks to design and assess an atmospheric water generator (AWG) incorporating a vapor compression system with evaporative cooling to improve water extraction efficiency from the atmosphere in hot and humid environments. To enhance automation and monitoring capabilities, the system incorporates a Wi-Fi-based remote control module (Wi-Fi Switch Basic R2). The AWG operates by chilling humid air beneath its dew point, promoting condensation. Evaporative coolers help to maximize the water extraction process by keeping the humidity from dropping too low. This research is distinguished by its dual-stage cooling method, the incorporation of intelligent control for remote operation, and applicability in adverse climatic situations. Experimental findings indicate substantial water production, attaining 0.5 L/h in May and 10.8 L/h during a 30-day. Furthermore, the coefficient of performance (COP) reached a maximum of 4. This research enhances the field by evaluating the viability of AWG systems under harsh conditions, demonstrating their capacity as a sustainable water supply. The results offer significant insights for enhancing AWG performance via intelligent automation and hybrid cooling methods, facilitating the advancement of scalable and energy-efficient atmospheric water extraction technology for water-scarce areas. The air in places where water is scarce typically has low humidity, which indicates that there is not much water in it. The system's efficacy is dependent upon the air's relative humidity, the temperature of the air, the condensation device's effectiveness. The amount of water that can be retrieved increases with system efficiency and humidity levels.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Hybrid Cooling and Smart Automation in Atmospheric Water Generation: A Sustainable Solution for Water-Scarce Regions","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-09-09 17:10:19","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7432648/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"3bddc13a-54c0-4711-8339-c1bff7ca9553","owner":[],"postedDate":"September 9th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-09-09T17:10:21+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-09-09 17:10:19","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7432648","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7432648","identity":"rs-7432648","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}