Histopathological Study of Endometrium in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Patients in Tertiary Care Hospital of South West Bihar

Background: Endometrium is sensitive to sex hormones and abnormal uterine bleeding is prevalent in all age group females which cause anemia and affects quality of life. Pattern of endometrial pathology diagnosis is vital to know the proper cause of bleeding to maintain clinicians conversant in making their management strategy. Methods: Study of endometrial biopsy was done retrospectively for a period of 1 ½ years. After processing of tissues, slides stained with hematoxylin & eosin by conventional method was examined microscopically. A statistical analysis between endometrial histopathology and mean age of presentation was done using Chi square test. Results: After exclusion due to various reasons, 197 samples were enlisted for reviewing and final diagnosis was made. Endometrial hyperplasia emerged the commonest with 29.4% mostly in reproductive age group, followed by proliferative endometrium 20.3%, atrophy endometrium 16.24%, chronic endometritis 9.64%, endometrial polyp 8.63%, disordered proliferative endometrium 7.61% and secretory endometrium 6.6%. The endometrial carcinoma was diagnosed in only 1.52% of cases mostly in postmenopause females. The menorrhagia was the most common complaint overall (48.2%). Conclusion: The D & C method is suitable, but a newer technique has more scope. The commonest endometrial pathology in this study came out to be endometrial hyperplasia. For that unplanned use of hormone therapy is to be avoided.