Characterization of 3D printed composite for final dental restorations

Characterization of 3D printed composite for final dental restorations | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Characterization of 3D printed composite for final dental restorations Lucas Eigi Borges Tanaka, Camila Silva Rodrigues, Manassés Tércio Vieira Grangeiro, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4845022/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 31 Oct, 2024 Read the published version in Clinical Oral Investigations → Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Objectives This study evaluated the surface, mechanical properties, and optical behavior of a 3D printing resin comparing it with a machinable resin composite. Materials and Methods Specimens of different sizes and shapes were either printed (Vitality, Smart Dent) or machined (Grandio Blocs, Voco GmbH) resin composites with similar composition were prepared. Surface and mechanical characterization were performed with Knoop hardness, flexural strength (three-point-bending), elastic modulus tests. The wear of the tested materials was evaluated against steatite antagonists. The optical properties stability (color change, ΔE 00, and translucency, TP 00 ) were observed after staining in red wine. In addition, the bond strength of the resin composites to two resin cement protocols were investigated with microshear bond strength tests at baseline and after thermocycling. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) was used for microstructural and chemical characterization. Statistical analyses were performed with t- and ANOVA tests. Results Hardness values (132.76 (16.32) KH- Grandio and 35.87 (2.78) KH - printed), flexural strength (172.17 (26.99) MPa - Grandio and 88.69 (8.39) MPa - printed) and color/translucency change of 1.86 (0.31)/0.06 - Grandio and 3.73 (0.36)/9, 16- printed and depth of wear (24.97 mm (3.60)- Grandio and 7.16 mm (2.84) - printed) were statistically different. No statistical differences were observed for mean roughness (Ra) between materials. For bond strength, mean values (MPa) for non-aged and aged groups were respectively 21.76 (6.64) / 31.9 (12.66) for Bifix cement (Voco GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany) and 26.75 (5.14) / 24.36 (6.85) for Variolink cement (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) in Vitality and 17.79 (3.89) / 9.01 (3.36) ) for Bifix cement and 22.09 (6.55) / 11.01 (3.77) for Variolink cement in Grandio. The material (p < 0.001) and aging (p < 0.003) factor did affect bond strength but the cement factor did not (p = 0.202). No statistical differences were observed for mean roughness (Ra) between materials. The better dispersion and larger size of the inorganic particles in the Grandio were contrasted with the clustered smaller particles of Vitality, under SEM. Results The mechanical properties and color stability of the machinable resin were superior to those of the printed resin, probably due to the greater amount and dispersion of inorganic particles in the machinable resin, but bond strength after aging was stronger and more stable in the printed resin. Clinical Relevance: This study aims to evaluate the possibility of the use of printed composite resin restorations, which can serve as a reference to corroborate its use or to indicate where the manufacture of printed restorations should be improved for the marketplace. Printed resin mechanical properties optical properties wear Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 31 Oct, 2024 Read the published version in Clinical Oral Investigations → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 29 Aug, 2024 Reviews received at journal 29 Aug, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Aug, 2024 Reviews received at journal 20 Aug, 2024 Reviews received at journal 16 Aug, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Aug, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 11 Aug, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 05 Aug, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 05 Aug, 2024 First submitted to journal 01 Aug, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4845022","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":347047989,"identity":"4274415b-8a35-4deb-9067-93b6eac7938e","order_by":0,"name":"Lucas Eigi Borges Tanaka","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"São Paulo State University (UNESP)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lucas","middleName":"Eigi Borges","lastName":"Tanaka","suffix":""},{"id":347047990,"identity":"ac6d4f3c-afb9-4564-80c1-f88f8d65138c","order_by":1,"name":"Camila Silva Rodrigues","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"São Paulo State University 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Surface and mechanical characterization were performed with Knoop hardness, flexural strength (three-point-bending), elastic modulus tests. The wear of the tested materials was evaluated against steatite antagonists. The optical properties stability (color change, ΔE\u003csub\u003e00,\u003c/sub\u003e and translucency, TP\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e) were observed after staining in red wine. In addition, the bond strength of the resin composites to two resin cement protocols were investigated with microshear bond strength tests at baseline and after thermocycling. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) was used for microstructural and chemical characterization. Statistical analyses were performed with t- and ANOVA tests.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eHardness values (132.76 (16.32) KH- Grandio and 35.87 (2.78) KH - printed), flexural strength (172.17 (26.99) MPa - Grandio and 88.69 (8.39) MPa - printed) and color/translucency change of 1.86 (0.31)/0.06 - Grandio and 3.73 (0.36)/9, 16- printed and depth of wear (24.97 mm (3.60)- Grandio and 7.16 mm (2.84) - printed) were statistically different. No statistical differences were observed for mean roughness (Ra) between materials. For bond strength, mean values (MPa) for non-aged and aged groups were respectively 21.76 (6.64) / 31.9 (12.66) for Bifix cement (Voco GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany) and 26.75 (5.14) / 24.36 (6.85) for Variolink cement (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) in Vitality and 17.79 (3.89) / 9.01 (3.36) ) for Bifix cement and 22.09 (6.55) / 11.01 (3.77) for Variolink cement in Grandio. The material (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001) and aging (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.003) factor did affect bond strength but the cement factor did not (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.202). No statistical differences were observed for mean roughness (Ra) between materials. The better dispersion and larger size of the inorganic particles in the Grandio were contrasted with the clustered smaller particles of Vitality, under SEM.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe mechanical properties and color stability of the machinable resin were superior to those of the printed resin, probably due to the greater amount and dispersion of inorganic particles in the machinable resin, but bond strength after aging was stronger and more stable in the printed resin.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eClinical Relevance:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study aims to evaluate the possibility of the use of printed composite resin restorations, which can serve as a reference to corroborate its use or to indicate where the manufacture of printed restorations should be improved for the marketplace.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Characterization of 3D printed composite for final dental restorations","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-08-30 19:49:53","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4845022/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2024-08-30T00:14:41+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-08-29T13:17:25+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"304056581244988809550972196178739689742","date":"2024-08-22T09:49:40+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-08-20T19:04:12+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-08-16T18:44:28+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"114393374751259782219710302550365137188","date":"2024-08-14T10:38:06+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2024-08-11T09:13:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-08-05T09:43:07+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-08-05T09:43:06+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Clinical Oral Investigations","date":"2024-08-02T01:58:42+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"clinical-oral-investigations","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"cloi","sideBox":"Learn more about [Clinical Oral Investigations](http://link.springer.com/journal/784)","snPcode":"784","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/784/3","title":"Clinical Oral Investigations","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"93e4b0c7-d374-4a93-a52b-f1776aaa1672","owner":[],"postedDate":"August 30th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-11-04T16:22:22+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-4845022","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-024-06003-8","journal":{"identity":"clinical-oral-investigations","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Clinical Oral Investigations"},"publishedOn":"2024-10-31 16:04:58","publishedOnDateReadable":"October 31st, 2024"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-08-30 19:49:53","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s00784-024-06003-8","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-024-06003-8","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4845022","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4845022","identity":"rs-4845022","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}