Branching Pattern of the Internal Iliac Artery Accompanied by a Venous Anastomosis: Rare Vascular Variations

The ability to navigate the complex and often deceptive branching patterns of the internal iliac artery can be decisive in planning and performing surgeries within the lesser pelvis. The following case report presents a peculiar quadruple division of the internal iliac artery, accompanied by a venous anastomotic structure. Apart from the posterior and anterior trunks, the superior vesicle and iliolumbar arteries arose independently from the internal iliac artery. The division was surrounded by a venous oval, compressing certain branches and potentially complicating surgical access. Clinical significance of the case is discussed. Knowledge of this anatomical variation is significant for both diagnosis and surgery. Level of Evidence – II Basic Science Research