Seismic Performance of RC Buildings in Türkiye Subjected to Kahramanmaras Mainshock-Aftershock Ground Motion Records

Seismic Performance of RC Buildings in Türkiye Subjected to Kahramanmaras Mainshock-Aftershock Ground Motion Records | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Seismic Performance of RC Buildings in Türkiye Subjected to Kahramanmaras Mainshock-Aftershock Ground Motion Records Mohammad Reza Salami, Sedef Kocakaplan Sezgin, Mohammad Mehdi Kashani This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5355688/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract On February 6, 2023, the region of Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, was struck by two significant earthquakes. The initial earthquake, with a magnitude of Mw 7.7 and a depth of 8.6 km, occurred in Pazarcık. Shortly after, a second earthquake with a magnitude of Mw 7.6 and a depth of 7.0 km hit Elbistan. These two catastrophic events resulted in loss of life and extensive damage to civil infrastructure. This study investigates the seismic performance of two-story and five-story reinforced concrete building frames designed in accordance with the 2007 Turkish Seismic Design Code and the 2018 Turkish Building Earthquake Code, considering the ground motions recorded during the Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequences, including both mainshock and aftershock sequences. This paper employs an advanced structural modelling technique capable of simulating various aspects of cyclic degradation in material and structural components using nonlinear fibre beam-column elements. Fragility curves are employed for both mainshock and mainshock-aftershock sequences. The findings indicate that two-story building frames designed according to the 2007 code reach higher maximum inter-story drift ratios compared to those designed according to the 2018 code, while for five-story building frames, the results are reversed. Finally, a comparison of fragility curves for mainshock and mainshock-aftershock sequences shows that the probability of exceeding the complete damage limit state for two-story building frames increases by 15% for each design, while for five-story building frames, the increase is 9%. Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5355688","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":373276848,"identity":"f95437a4-e77a-4784-858b-bf6a379b876a","order_by":0,"name":"Mohammad Reza Salami","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA4klEQVRIie3RsWoCQRDG8W9ZGJtZbPc40CcQFMEYUHwVRbDOA1gIwtmItY+Ram0vLJyNYJuwjSL4CMdV4qUIpFrPzmL/3RQ/mGGAUOh16wNSZvJvFIvHRJeEZs8ScK8aaS3USRRz3WytOL98zA3qq5SirYf00lpbcqY7xqpdd5s56MOYok8vIUiQFiUxMZMDvkHR6QERxU2PjOVrzDeHZhUClehJSShWiUP7l3gXswSrNnpqLL111cZx5zBZvnvP3yfiXOSDoTna64Vz12js7dfP2kPK25H+n7naI0OhUCjk7Q6T3EXJUqTNbAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"University of Birmingham","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mohammad","middleName":"Reza","lastName":"Salami","suffix":""},{"id":373276849,"identity":"fd27351c-aae7-472f-b8d4-4aa62a5d29a2","order_by":1,"name":"Sedef Kocakaplan Sezgin","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Bursa Technical University: Bursa Teknik Universitesi","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sedef","middleName":"Kocakaplan","lastName":"Sezgin","suffix":""},{"id":373276850,"identity":"a42625a4-2e0b-4fa9-b433-e874e8a39ec8","order_by":2,"name":"Mohammad Mehdi Kashani","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Southampton","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mohammad","middleName":"Mehdi","lastName":"Kashani","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-10-29 15:50:53","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5355688/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5355688/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":85941182,"identity":"8a427774-d73d-4bc5-9e74-2cbfffe651c9","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-03 11:46:06","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1774249,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"BEESeismicPerformanceofRCinTurkeyOct2024.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5355688/v1_covered_8a7f0802-8a5f-4914-bbb0-47cfea2fc4ac.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Seismic Performance of RC Buildings in Türkiye Subjected to Kahramanmaras Mainshock-Aftershock Ground Motion Records","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":true,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5355688/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5355688/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"On February 6, 2023, the region of Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, was struck by two significant earthquakes. 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