Fluorescent Sensing Platform Based on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots for Selective Detection of Sulfur Dioxide Derivatives

Fluorescent Sensing Platform Based on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots for Selective Detection of Sulfur Dioxide Derivatives | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Fluorescent Sensing Platform Based on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots for Selective Detection of Sulfur Dioxide Derivatives Xiaojing Wu, Rulin Jia, Chang Liu, Hongda Li, Rui Zhang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8856767/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Nitrogen-doped carbon dots (d-CDs) were prepared and refined through a solvothermal approach, employing malonic acid and barbituric acid as the carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, in N,N-dimethylformamide. Single-factor experiments established the optimal synthesis conditions: reaction time of 18 h, barbituric acid dosage of 1.5 g, and temperature of 180°C. Under these optimized conditions, the resulting d-CDs exhibited a quantum yield of 23.2%. In a phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), the d-CDs demonstrated specific fluorescence recognition for sulfite ions (SO₃²⁻), achieving a quenching efficiency of 64.6%. Notably, the sensor exhibited strong anti-interference capability against 13 common anions (e.g., F⁻, Cl⁻, Br⁻, I⁻, CH₃COO⁻, NO₃⁻, SO₄²⁻, HPO₄²⁻, CN⁻, S²⁻, CO₃²⁻, PO₄³⁻, C₂O₄²⁻). Kinetic studies revealed an ultrafast response, with quenching equilibrium reached within 10 seconds. Quantitative analysis yielded a low detection limit of 0.22 μmol·L⁻¹ for SO₃²⁻. Application to real water samples (lake water and river water) showed excellent recovery rates (98.0%–100.7%) and low coefficient of variation (CV < 4.04%) in spike-and-recovery tests. Nitrogen-doped carbon dots Sulfite fluorescence detection real samples Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files 20260224SI.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8856767","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":599881623,"identity":"f683e557-4321-4f0d-acce-8c5b365e54e5","order_by":0,"name":"Xiaojing Wu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shenyang University of Chemical Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiaojing","middleName":"","lastName":"Wu","suffix":""},{"id":599881624,"identity":"6ee04da9-5e75-4e02-ad2d-fe784ed0bb80","order_by":1,"name":"Rulin Jia","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Criminal Investigation Police University of 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samples","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8856767/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8856767/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Nitrogen-doped carbon dots (d-CDs) were prepared and refined through a solvothermal approach, employing malonic acid and barbituric acid as the carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, in N,N-dimethylformamide. Single-factor experiments established the optimal synthesis conditions: reaction time of 18 h, barbituric acid dosage of 1.5 g, and temperature of 180°C. Under these optimized conditions, the resulting d-CDs exhibited a quantum yield of 23.2%. In a phosphate buffer (pH 7.0), the d-CDs demonstrated specific fluorescence recognition for sulfite ions (SO₃²⁻), achieving a quenching efficiency of 64.6%. Notably, the sensor exhibited strong anti-interference capability against 13 common anions (e.g., F⁻, Cl⁻, Br⁻, I⁻, CH₃COO⁻, NO₃⁻, SO₄²⁻, HPO₄²⁻, CN⁻, S²⁻, CO₃²⁻, PO₄³⁻, C₂O₄²⁻). Kinetic studies revealed an ultrafast response, with quenching equilibrium reached within 10 seconds. Quantitative analysis yielded a low detection limit of 0.22 μmol·L⁻¹ for SO₃²⁻. Application to real water samples (lake water and river water) showed excellent recovery rates (98.0%–100.7%) and low coefficient of variation (CV \u003c 4.04%) in spike-and-recovery tests.","manuscriptTitle":"Fluorescent Sensing Platform Based on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots for Selective Detection of Sulfur Dioxide Derivatives","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-03-05 09:13:27","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8856767/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"a9f3a371-b595-41fb-a649-0e32aba8be88","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 5th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-03-18T11:12:34+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-03-05 09:13:27","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8856767","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8856767","identity":"rs-8856767","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}