Stochastic Modeling and Analysis of Energy Efficiency in Tethered High Altitude Platforms Based Smart Macro Base Station

Stochastic Modeling and Analysis of Energy Efficiency in Tethered High Altitude Platforms Based Smart Macro Base Station | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Stochastic Modeling and Analysis of Energy Efficiency in Tethered High Altitude Platforms Based Smart Macro Base Station Sebasthi Priya, Sudhesh R., Priyanka Kalita, Dharmaraja S. This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5598511/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The high-altitude platform station (HAPs) emerges as a pivotal component within the burgeoning landscape of non-terrestrial networks, functioning as a super macro base station (SMBS) with a distinctive positioning in the stratosphere. On the basis of the requirement, HAPs can be positioned in lower level in the atmosphere. HAPs are restricted by the battery life of their onboard power source, whereas tethered HAPs (tHAPs) are powered by a continuous power source through the tether line, granting them virtually unlimited flight time. Using tHAPs as a SMBS, the metropolitan cities will be benefited as a constant network to collect data from internet of things (IoT) devices and top provide reliable uplink connections for them in a seamless, efficient, and cost-effective manner. The proposed stochastic model is designed to handle the energy consumption challenges for the tHAPs-SMBS while ensuring high-quality service. This study presents a stochas-tic modeling and transient analysis approach to evaluate the energy efficiency of tHAPs which functions as SMBS. The analysis yields a transient and steady-state solutions, the energy-saving factor and throughput of the system. The numerical results displays the impact of various parameters on energy consumption of the system. Tethered HAPs-SMBS Transient analysis Mean power consumption Energy saving factor Throughput Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5598511","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":401911505,"identity":"15a1feed-624d-45ba-9939-4f8a8bb6d6a4","order_by":0,"name":"Sebasthi Priya","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"UCE: BIT Campus, Anna University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sebasthi","middleName":"","lastName":"Priya","suffix":""},{"id":401911506,"identity":"e342f3f3-2cd4-4e08-b412-6bd5eff1612a","order_by":1,"name":"Sudhesh R.","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"UCE: BIT Campus, Anna University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sudhesh","middleName":"","lastName":"R.","suffix":""},{"id":401911507,"identity":"27f02480-c119-4291-adf3-82e64b076710","order_by":2,"name":"Priyanka Kalita","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Bhattadev University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Priyanka","middleName":"","lastName":"Kalita","suffix":""},{"id":401911508,"identity":"1bf979ed-7624-4a65-91ff-1fbdcb7b6576","order_by":3,"name":"Dharmaraja S.","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA90lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDCCGxBKDojZgFiCh4EhASQgQVCLMQMDM0QLD7FaEhsgWhgYoFpwA77bzc8+3ai5l762/fyxhz8YLGTs2RMYPwAZebi0SN45Zjw751hx7rYzyezGPCCH8TxgluxhkCjGpcXgRoIxcw5bQu62A8ls0mC/SCQwgBhAp+LSkv6ZOedfQrrZ+cdskj8gWph/49eSY8yc25aQYHYjmU2CB6KFDa8tkjdyiplz+xIMt914bCbNYwDUcuZhm2WPAW4tfDfSNzPnfEuQNzuf+EzyR0WdPXt78uEbQAZOLejuBBGMDVDGKBgFo2AUjAJyAQDEgU2BCoQ/8QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Dharmaraja","middleName":"","lastName":"S.","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-12-07 10:38:17","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5598511/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5598511/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":74219920,"identity":"f00099fb-3b4d-4dc7-9e55-d22d0e0cf473","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-01-20 06:24:30","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1127299,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SudheshPaperJuly20VersionDec27.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5598511/v1_covered_ef91e892-9171-43e2-860d-bf57d2aed2c6.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Stochastic Modeling and Analysis of Energy Efficiency in Tethered High Altitude Platforms Based Smart Macro Base Station","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Tethered HAPs-SMBS, Transient analysis, Mean power consumption, Energy saving factor, Throughput","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5598511/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5598511/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"The high-altitude platform station (HAPs) emerges as a pivotal component within the burgeoning landscape of non-terrestrial networks, functioning as a super macro base station (SMBS) with a distinctive positioning in the stratosphere. 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