Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital

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Various factors influence women with autoimmune diseases who do not use contraceptive methods. However, there has been no research on the unmet need for contraception in patients with autoimmune diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between sociodemographic factors and unmet need for contraception in patients with autoimmune diseases. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of female patients aged 15-49 years who had autoimmune diseases at the Internal Medicine Clinic of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The subjects were then asked to complete the informed consent form and questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square test for bivariate analyses. Results We included 92 subjects with a mean age of 35.6±6.26 years old, with an age range was 25-48 years old. Twenty (21.7%) subjects had an unmet need for contraception, while 72 (69.4%) used contraception or were planning for pregnancy. We found that education level (p=0.017) and Internet usage frequency (OR 3.42; 95%CI 1.02-11.45; p=0.037) were significantly associated with unmet need contraception in females with autoimmune disease. Conclusion This study found that education level and Internet usage frequency were significantly associated with unmet need contraception in females with autoimmune disease. Clinical significance The findings emphasize that education and Internet access are vital for meeting the contraceptive needs of women with autoimmune diseases. 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F1000Research 2025, 14 :813 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.167793.1 ) NOTE: If applicable, it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. Close Copy Citation Details Export Export Citation Sciwheel EndNote Ref. Manager Bibtex ProCite Sente EXPORT Select a format first Track Share ▬ ✚ Research Article Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] Lisa Novianti 1 , Adeprita Pratiwi Herlinawati 1 , Lathifah Nabilahsari 2 , [...] Aisyah Retno Puspawardani 2 , Intan Indah Permatasari 2 , Nafi'atul Ummah 2 , Suzy Maria 3 , Achmad Kemal Harzif https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3552-1610 1,2,4 Lisa Novianti 1 , Adeprita Pratiwi Herlinawati 1 , [...] Lathifah Nabilahsari 2 , Aisyah Retno Puspawardani 2 , Intan Indah Permatasari 2 , Nafi'atul Ummah 2 , Suzy Maria 3 , Achmad Kemal Harzif https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3552-1610 1,2,4 PUBLISHED 22 Aug 2025 Author details Author details 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia 2 Human Reproduction, Infertility, and Family Planning Cluster, Indonesia Reproductive Medicine Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia 4 Reproductive Immunoendocrinology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia Lisa Novianti Roles: Conceptualization, Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Methodology, Project Administration, Resources, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing Adeprita Pratiwi Herlinawati Roles: Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft Preparation Lathifah Nabilahsari Roles: Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Software, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing Aisyah Retno Puspawardani Roles: Formal Analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – Review & Editing Intan Indah Permatasari Roles: Formal Analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Writing – Review & Editing Nafi'atul Ummah Roles: Investigation, Methodology, Project Administration, Resources, Visualization, Writing – Review & Editing Suzy Maria Roles: Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – Review & Editing Achmad Kemal Harzif Roles: Conceptualization, Formal Analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – Review & Editing OPEN PEER REVIEW DETAILS REVIEWER STATUS Abstract Aim & Background Women with autoimmune diseases usually require contraception. Various factors influence women with autoimmune diseases who do not use contraceptive methods. However, there has been no research on the unmet need for contraception in patients with autoimmune diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between sociodemographic factors and unmet need for contraception in patients with autoimmune diseases. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of female patients aged 15-49 years who had autoimmune diseases at the Internal Medicine Clinic of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The subjects were then asked to complete the informed consent form and questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square test for bivariate analyses. Results We included 92 subjects with a mean age of 35.6±6.26 years old, with an age range was 25-48 years old. Twenty (21.7%) subjects had an unmet need for contraception, while 72 (69.4%) used contraception or were planning for pregnancy. We found that education level (p=0.017) and Internet usage frequency (OR 3.42; 95%CI 1.02-11.45; p=0.037) were significantly associated with unmet need contraception in females with autoimmune disease. Conclusion This study found that education level and Internet usage frequency were significantly associated with unmet need contraception in females with autoimmune disease. Clinical significance The findings emphasize that education and Internet access are vital for meeting the contraceptive needs of women with autoimmune diseases. READ ALL READ LESS Keywords Autoimmune, Unmet Need, Contraception, Family Planning Corresponding Author(s) Achmad Kemal Harzif ( [email protected] ) Close Corresponding author: Achmad Kemal Harzif Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Grant information: The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work. Copyright: © 2025 Novianti L et al . This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. How to cite: Novianti L, Herlinawati AP, Nabilahsari L et al. Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 14 :813 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.167793.1 ) First published: 22 Aug 2025, 14 :813 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.167793.1 ) Latest published: 22 Aug 2025, 14 :813 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.167793.1 ) Introduction Contraception is an act of preventing conception using tools, chemicals, drugs, and even surgical procedures. 1 Unmet need for contraception refers to women who want to delay childbirth for at least two years or want to stop giving birth, but are not using any contraceptive method. 2 Globally, the prevalence of contraceptive use is increasing, but unmet need for contraception is still a problem. In 2019, 190 million married women reported an unmet need for contraception. The prevalence of unmet need contraception in Africa was 22% and that in Oceania was 15%, which is higher than that in other regions. 3 In Indonesia, family planning services have a major impact on maternal morbidity and mortality. Increasing the prevalence of contraceptive use and decreasing the prevalence of the unmet need for contraception in family planning services will significantly reduce maternal morbidity and mortality during pregnancy and childbirth. 4 Autoimmune disease is a condition in which a person’s immune system fails to recognize their body tissue, considers it a foreign object, and attacks it. Autoimmune diseases cause inflammation in parts of the body where they are attacked. Autoimmune diseases affect more women than men, with a ratio of 2:1. 5 Contraceptive and are classified based on their duration of action, reversibility, and mechanism of action as hormonal contraceptives and non-hormonal contraceptives. Autoimmune diseases can respond to hormonal stimulation (especially steroid sex hormones), and autoimmune diseases can be affected by pregnancy and the use of hormonal contraceptives, such as pills, patches, injections, implants, or intrauterine progestin-releasing systems. 5 Women with autoimmune diseases usually do not use contraceptives. A survey conducted in Finland found that contraceptive use was lower in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared to healthy subjects of the same age. 6 When using contraception, the most recommended methods are barrier methods and natural methods. 7 A 2011 study of 206 women with SLE in the United States found that as many as 42% were at risk of experiencing an unwanted pregnancy, and almost two-thirds of them had never received an explanation of the contraceptive methods that could be used. 8 Various factors influence women with autoimmune diseases who do not use contraceptive methods. Additionally, research on the unmet need for contraception in the general population has been widely conducted. However, no research has been conducted on the unmet need for contraception in patients with autoimmune diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between sociodemographic factors and unmet need for contraception in patients with autoimmune diseases. Methods This was a cross-sectional study that used a consecutive sampling method with inclusion criteria specified for female patients, aged 15-49 years, who had autoimmune diseases. This study was conducted at the Internal Medicine Clinic of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the commencement of the study. The subjects were asked to fill out an informed consent form and questionnaire. The participants were assured of their anonymity throughout the study to encourage honest responses. Participants were excluded if they were unwilling to participate in the study or if the questionnaire was incomplete. The minimum sample size in this study was determined using the unpaired categorical analysis formula; thus, the minimum sample size was 92 participants. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. The questionnaire contained questions on informed consent, name, age, religion, education level, occupation, address, husband’s education level, husband’s occupation, number of live births, miscarriage, mobile phone ownership, Internet access, frequency of Internet use, exposure to information related to family planning, contraceptive use, and pregnancy plans. To minimize potential bias, different personnel were assigned to handle the distribution and collection of the questionnaires, and a separate team was responsible for data handling and analysis. The data obtained from the questionnaire answers are presented in a table form. A univariate analysis was performed to determine the frequency and percentage of each variable. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-square test to examine the relationship between demographic factors and unmet need for contraception in women with autoimmune diseases at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Results We included 120 participants, but only 92 had complete data and were used for the analyses. The mean age was 35.6 ± 6.26 years, with a range being 25-48 years. Twenty (21.7%) subjects had an unmet need for contraception, while 72 (69.4%) were using contraception or planning for pregnancy. Most of the participants were Muslim (89.1%), bachelor’s (47.8%), housewives (55.4%), and lived in Jakarta (43.4%). All subjects had a handphone and access to the internet. Meanwhile, most husbands were bachelors (34.7%) and employees (65.2%). The subjects’ characteristics are shown in Table 1 . Table 1. Subjects characteristics. Variables Total n (%) Unmet need contraception n (%) Family planning n (%) Total subjects 92 (100) 20 (21.7) 72 (69.4) Religion Islam 82 (89.1) 19 (23.2) 63 (76.8) Christian 9 (9.7) 1 (11.1) 8 (88.9) Buddha 1 (0.2) 0 (0) 1 (100) Subjects’ Education Level Elementary school 3 (3.2) 3 (100) 0 (0) Middle school 9 (9.7) 2 (22.2) 7 (77.8) High school 25 (27.7) 5 (20) 20 (80) Diploma 8 (8.6) 3 (37.5) 5 (62.5) Bachelor 44 (47.8) 7 (15.9) 37 (84.1) Postgraduates 3 (3.2) 0 (0) 3 (100) Husbands’ Education Level Elementary school 5 (5.4) 2 (40) 3 (60) Middle school 3 (3.2) 1 (33.3) 2 (66.7) High school 30 (32.6) 9 (30) 21 (70) Diploma 12 (13) 4 (33.3) 8 (66.7) Bachelor 32 (34.7) 3 (9.4) 29 (90.6) Postgraduates 9 (9.7) 1 (11.1) 8 (88.9) Subjects’ Occupation Housewife 51 (55.4) 16 (31.4) 35 (68.6) Employee 26 (28.2) 2 (7.7) 24 (92.3) Teacher 9 (9.7) 1 (11.1) 8 (88.9) Others 6 (6.5) 1 (16.7) 5 (83.3) Husbands’ Occupation Employee 60 (65.2) 13 (21.7) 47 (78.3) Enterpreneur 17 (18.5) 5 (29.4) 12 (70.6) Teacher 5 (5.4) 1 (20) 4 (80) Others 10 (10.9) 1 (10) 9 (90) Address Jakarta 40 (43.4) 10 (25) 30 (75) BoDeTaBek 35 (38.1) 8 (22.9) 27 (77.1) Others 17 (18.5) 2 (11.8) 15 (88.2) Mobile phone ownership Yes 100 (100) 20 (21.7) 72 (78.3) No 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Access to the internet Yes 100 (100) 20 (21.7) 72 (78.3) No 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) Internet usage frequency Rarely 14 (15.5) 6 (42.9) 8 (57.1) Min. 1 times a week 78 (84.5) 14 (17.9) 64 (82.1) Exposure to family planning information Never 38 (41.3) 11 (28.9) 27 (71.1) Rarely 44 (47.8) 9 (20.5) 35 (79.5) Min. 1 times a week 10 (10.9) 0 (0) 10 (100) From bivariate analysis, we found that subjects’ education level (p = 0.017) and Internet usage frequency (OR 3.42; 95%CI 1.02-11.45; p = 0.037) were significantly associated with unmet need contraception in females with autoimmune diseases. Other variables were not significantly associated with an unmet need for contraception in females with autoimmune disease. The results of bivariate analysis are presented in Table 2 . Table 2. Factors affecting unmet need contraception in autoimmune patients. Variables Unmet need contraception n (%) Family planning n (%) p value Religion Islam 19 (23.2) 63 (76.8) 0.61 Christian 1 (11.1) 8 (88.9) Buddha 0 (0) 1 (100) Subjects’ Education Level Elementary school 3 (100) 0 (0) *0.017 Middle school 2 (22.2) 7 (77.8) High school 5 (20) 20 (80) Diploma 3 (37.5) 5 (62.5) Bachelor 7 (15.9) 37 (84.1) Postgraduates 0 (0) 3 (100) Husbands’ Education Level Elementary school 2 (40) 3 (60) 0.237 Middle school 1 (33.3) 2 (66.7) High school 9 (30) 21 (70) Diploma 4 (33.3) 8 (66.7) Bachelor 3 (9.4) 29 (90.6) Postgraduates 1 (11.1) 8 (88.9) Subjects’ Occupation Housewife 16 (31.4) 35 (68.6) *0.09 Employee 2 (7.7) 24 (92.3) Teacher 1 (11.1) 8 (88.9) Others 1 (16.7) 5 (83.3) Husbands’ Occupation Employee 13 (21.7) 47 (78.3) 0.7 Enterpreneur 5 (29.4) 12 (70.6) Teacher 1 (20) 4 (80) Others 1 (10) 9 (90) Address Jakarta 10 (25) 30 (75) 0.53 BoDeTaBek 8 (22.9) 27 (77.1) Others 2 (11.8) 15 (88.2) Mobile phone ownership Yes 20 (21.7) 72 (78.3) No 0 (0) 0 (0) Access to the internet Yes 20 (21.7) 72 (78.3) No 0 (0) 0 (0) Internet usage frequency Rarely 6 (42.9) 8 (57.1) *0.037 Min. 1 times a week 14 (17.9) 64 (82.1) Exposure to family planning information Never 11 (28.9) 27 (71.1) 0.137 Rarely 9 (20.5) 35 (79.5) Min. 1 times a week 0 (0) 10 (100) Discussion This study was the first to investigate the unmet need for contraception in reproductive females with autoimmune diseases. Twenty (21.7%) subjects had an unmet need for contraception, while 72 (69.4%) were using contraception or planning for pregnancy. In the general population, the prevalence of unmet need contraception in Indonesia was 12% in 2019. 9 Meanwhile, Misnaniarti et al. found that the unmet need for contraception reached 59.09% in 2017. 10 Compared to other countries, the unmet need for contraception in India was 39%, in Africa was 22%, and in the Oceania region was 15%. 3 Women with autoimmune diseases usually do not use contraceptives. Contraception, especially hormonal contraception (pills, patches, injections, implants, or intrauterine progestin-releasing systems), can cause autoimmune diseases. In addition, autoimmune diseases can be affected by pregnancy. 5 Jungers et al. found that the use of hormonal contraception aggravates the symptoms in 44% of patients with SLE. 11 In addition, Julkunen et al. 9 found that 4 of 85 female SLE patients had major kidney involvement due to the use of combination oral contraception. In other autoimmune diseases, such as anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS), Julkunen et al. found two cases of vein thrombosis after the use of combination oral contraception. 6 In addition, Cervera et al. found that the prevalence of thrombosis was 30% in patients with APS who used hormonal contraception. 12 Women with autoimmune diseases are suggested to use natural or barrier contraception, such as abstinence, withdrawal method of contraception, or condoms. Apter et al. found that 22% of women with autoimmune disease used contraception inconsistently, while 53% used barrier contraception and 13% used an intrauterine device. 13 The use of contraception in women with autoimmune disease in those studies was similar to that in our study. Ahrendt et al. found that 54% of patients with SLE did not use any contraception. 14 Barrier contraception and intrauterine devices were relatively safe for female with autoimmune diseases. Sanchez-Guerrero et al. found that intrauterine devices did not affect the disease activity or flare incidence in patients with SLE. 15 In our study, most of the participants were Muslim (89.1%), bachelor’s degree (47.8%), housewives (55.4%), and lived in Jakarta (43.4%). All subjects had a handphone and access to the internet. Meanwhile, most husbands were bachelors (34.7%) and employees (65.2%). In general population, there were 2 main factors affecting unmet need contraception, including individual preference and disapproval for pregnancy prevention due to religion and culture. 16 , 17 Other factors were sociodemographic factors, access to contraception, lack of information, and economic factors. 18 In women with autoimmune disease, the condition of their disease was affecting the unmet need contraception. 19 This study found no significant differences in religion between unmet need contraception and family planning. In Indonesia, there were 6 religions that recognized according to applicable law, including Islam, Christians, Catholics, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Kong Hu Cu. In our study, we included only subjects with Islam, Christians, and Buddha. Religious and cultural backgrounds can significantly affect how couples from different religious settings perceive and adopt contraceptive methods. Variations in the interpretations of religious doctrines concerning contraception can exist even within the same religion across different sects. 20 Islamic beliefs regarding contraception and family planning range from permissible to disapproval. However, only fundamentalist Muslims insist that any form of contraception is against God’s intention. 21 Protestants hold the view that marriages should be fruitful; however, once children are present, there are no restrictions on using contraception. Decisions regarding reproductive health, including the desired number of children, suitable conditions for using contraception, and the choice of contraceptive method, are made at the discretion of the couple. 22 Buddhism grants both men and women the freedom to employ any non-violent contraceptive methods. Family planning is acceptable and advocated as long as the intent behind using contraception is benevolent and causes no harm. 23 Our study found a significant difference in the wife’s education level between unmet need contraception and family planning in women with autoimmune diseases. However, we did not find a significant difference in the husbands’ education levels. Nuryana et al. found no significant difference in education between unmet need contraception and family planning. However, in the study by Nuryana et al., subjects with higher education were associated with a lower prevalence of unmet need contraception. 24 Education level influences people’s perception of some information, as well as how they search for information about something related to them. In addition, partner perception of contraception is also important in deciding which contraception method is used. 25 We did not find a significant difference in wife or husband occupation between unmet need contraception and family planning in women with autoimmune diseases. Most of the wives were housewives, whereas most of the husbands were employees. Nuryana et al. found that working status did not significantly associate with unmet needs for family planning. 24 Kholifatullah et al. also found that no significant association between employment status of unmet need women with intention to use contraception (p = 0.325). 26 Our result was similar to previous study. However, we grouped the participants based on their type of occupation in our study. We did not group the participants based on their working status. Most studies have grouped their subjects based on their working status. We did not find a significant difference in residential areas between unmet need contraception and family planning. Saputri et al. also found no significant difference in residential area in unmet need of contraception. 27 Our study only differed in the area based on location and the location of our subjects living in urban cities, such as Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi, because we only conducted this study in a tertiary hospital located in the capital city of Indonesia. We did not conduct a multicenter study in other suburban or rural areas. All subjects had handphones and access to the Internet because we conducted our study in a tertiary hospital located in the capital city of Indonesia. We found no significant differences in exposure to family planning on the Internet between unmet need contraception and family planning. However, we found that Internet usage frequency (OR 3.42; 95% CI 1.02-11.45; p = 0.037) was significantly associated with unmet need contraception in female with autoimmune diseases. Frequency of Internet usage can influence women’s fertility intentions and decisions regarding contraception. Liu et al. suggested that increased Internet use decreases fertility intentions partly because it provides women with greater access to information about family planning and contraception. Women gain more autonomy and information through increased internet access, which can lead to a reduced interest in traditional family roles and potentially lower fertility rates. 28 This study was the first to investigate the unmet need for contraception in reproductive females with autoimmune diseases. However, this study had several limitations. This study was conducted only in a tertiary hospital located in the capital city of Indonesia. We did not perform a multicenter study that included suburban and rural areas. Therefore, our participants had similar sociodemographic characteristics. In addition, our sample size was limited to the minimum required for the calculations. Therefore, further multicenter studies are required to confirm these findings. This study found that subjects’ education level and Internet usage frequency were significantly associated with unmet need contraception in female with autoimmune disease. Other sociodemographic features did not significantly differ between unmet need contraception and family planning in women with autoimmune diseases; further, a larger and multicenter study is needed to confirm these findings. Ethical consideration Participation was voluntary and uncompensated, and written informed consent was obtained. Ethical approval for the study was granted under the code KET-1387/UN2.F1/ETIK/PPM/00/02/2023 following review and authorization by the Research Committee Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia. Reporting guidelines The reporting of this study adhered to the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) statement. Data availability Underlying dataZenodo: Raw data and demographic information of the study: Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16528112 . 29 This project contains the following underlying data: - Raw data and demographic information of the study Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr.xlsx. Extended data Zenodo: Raw data and demographic information of the study: Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16528112 . 29 This project contains the following extended data: - Informed Consent Form.docx - Questionnaire.docx - STROBE_Checklist.docx Data are available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC-BY 4.0). Acknowledgement The authors have no acknowledgements to declare. References 1. Rakhi J, Sumathi M: Contraceptive methods: Needs, options and utilization. J. Obstet. Gynecol. India. 2011; 61 (6): 626–634. Publisher Full Text 2. Mechal N, Negash M, Bizuneh H, et al. : Unmet need for contraception and associated factors among women with cardiovascular disease having follow-up at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Contracept. Reprod. Med. 2022; 7 (1): 6–9. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text 3. Garo MG, Abe SG, Girsha WD, et al. : Unmet need for family planning and associated factors among currently married women of reproductive age in Bishoftu town, Eastern Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2021; 16 (12 December): e0260972. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text 4. Utomo B, Sucahya PK, Romadlona NA, et al. : The impact of family planning on maternal mortality in Indonesia: what future contribution can be expected? Popul. Health Metrics. 2021; 19 (1): 1–13. Publisher Full Text 5. Sammaritano LR: Contraception in Women with Autoimmune Diseases. Handb. Syst. Autoimmune Dis. 2005; 4 (05): 123–140. Publisher Full Text 6. Julkunen HA, Kaaja R, Friman C: Contraceptive practice in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology. 1993; 32 (3): 227–230. Publisher Full Text 7. Benagiano G, Benagiano M, Bianchi P, et al. : Contraception in autoimmune diseases. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Obstet. Gynaecol. 2019; 60 : 111–123. 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Hasna F: Islam, social traditions and family planning. Soc. Policy Adm. 2003; 37 (2): 181–197. Publisher Full Text 22. LoPresti A: Christianity. Sex and Religion. Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth; 2005; 117–141. 23. Suwanbubbha P: SACRED RIGHTS: The Case for Contraception and Abortion in World Religions. Maguire DC, editor. SACRED RIGHTS: The Case for Contraception and Abortion in World Religions. New York: OXFORD University Press; 2003; p. 145. 24. Nuryana D: Unmet Need for Family Planning in Indonesia and Its Associated Factors. Makara J. Heal Res. 2023; 27 (1). 25. Casterline JB, Perez AE, Biddlecom AE: Factors Underlying Unmet Need for Family Planning in the Philippines. Stud. Fam. Plan. 1997; 28 (3): 173–191. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text 26. Kholifatullah AI, Laili AF, Imania MFN, et al. : ANALYSIS OF EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF COUPLE OF REPRODUCTIVE - AGE ON THE INTENTIONS TO USE CONTRACEPTION IN UNMET NEED CONDITIONS. J. Biometrika dan Kependud. 2022; 13 (1): 356–363. 27. Saputri EE, Winarni LM, Nuryanti N, et al. : The Factors Affecting the Unmet Need of Family Planning in Banten Province Year 2019. J. Kesehat Masy. 2022; 17 (3): 362–370. Publisher Full Text 28. Liu P, Cao J, Nie W, et al. : The influence of internet usage frequency on women’s fertility intentions—the mediating effects of gender role attitudes. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2021; 18 (9). Publisher Full Text 29. Harzif AK: Raw data and demographic information of the study: Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. [Data set]. Zenodo. 2025. Publisher Full Text Comments on this article Comments (0) Version 1 VERSION 1 PUBLISHED 22 Aug 2025 ADD YOUR COMMENT Comment Author details Author details 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia 2 Human Reproduction, Infertility, and Family Planning Cluster, Indonesia Reproductive Medicine Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia 4 Reproductive Immunoendocrinology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia Lisa Novianti Roles: Conceptualization, Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Methodology, Project Administration, Resources, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing Adeprita Pratiwi Herlinawati Roles: Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft Preparation Lathifah Nabilahsari Roles: Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Software, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing Aisyah Retno Puspawardani Roles: Formal Analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – Review & Editing Intan Indah Permatasari Roles: Formal Analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Writing – Review & Editing Nafi'atul Ummah Roles: Investigation, Methodology, Project Administration, Resources, Visualization, Writing – Review & Editing Suzy Maria Roles: Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – Review & Editing Achmad Kemal Harzif Roles: Conceptualization, Formal Analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – Review & Editing Competing interests No competing interests were disclosed. Grant information The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work. Article Versions (1) version 1 Published: 22 Aug 2025, 14:813 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.167793.1 Copyright © 2025 Novianti L et al . This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Download Export To Sciwheel Bibtex EndNote ProCite Ref. Manager (RIS) Sente metrics Views Downloads F1000Research - - PubMed Central info_outline Data from PMC are received and updated monthly. - - Citations open_in_new 0 open_in_new 0 open_in_new SEE MORE DETAILS CITE how to cite this article Novianti L, Herlinawati AP, Nabilahsari L et al. Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 14 :813 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.167793.1 ) NOTE: If applicable, it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. COPY CITATION DETAILS track receive updates on this article Track an article to receive email alerts on any updates to this article. TRACK THIS ARTICLE Share Open Peer Review Current Reviewer Status: ? Key to Reviewer Statuses VIEW HIDE Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions Version 1 VERSION 1 PUBLISHED 22 Aug 2025 Views 0 Cite How to cite this report: Lubis HP. Reviewer Report For: Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 14 :813 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.184936.r435486 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/14-813/v1#referee-response-435486 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. Close Copy Citation Details Reviewer Report 29 Dec 2025 Hilma Putri Lubis , Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia Approved VIEWS 0 https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.184936.r435486 The study provides valuable insights into the influence of sociodemographic factors and Internet usage on fertility intentions. The study design is appropriate, utilizing a cross-sectional approach with clear inclusion criteria. The methodology is well-detailed, allowing for replication, and the statistical ... Continue reading READ ALL The study provides valuable insights into the influence of sociodemographic factors and Internet usage on fertility intentions. The study design is appropriate, utilizing a cross-sectional approach with clear inclusion criteria. The methodology is well-detailed, allowing for replication, and the statistical analyses are sound. The findings contribute valuable insights into how education and Internet access influence contraceptive needs. The manuscript offers key insights into the factors influencing unmet contraceptive needs among women with autoimmune diseases, highlighting the significant roles of education level and Internet usage frequency. It suggests that improved access to information and education can empower women to make informed decisions about contraception, potentially reducing unmet needs. Additionally, the study underscores the necessity for targeted reproductive health interventions that consider the unique challenges faced by this population. The study's limitations include a small sample size, drawn from a single tertiary hospital in an urban area, potentially limiting the generalizability of the findings. Additionally, the study did not include participants from suburban or rural areas, which may have different sociodemographic characteristics and unmet needs. Lastly, the age range starting at 15 years raises questions about the appropriateness of including younger participants in the context of unmet contraceptive needs. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? Yes Is the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? Yes Are sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? Yes If applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate? Yes Are all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? Yes Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the results? Yes Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise: Reproductive endocrinology, Infertility, Reproductive Genetics, Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. Close READ LESS CITE CITE HOW TO CITE THIS REPORT Lubis HP. Reviewer Report For: Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 14 :813 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.184936.r435486 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/14-813/v1#referee-response-435486 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. COPY CITATION DETAILS Report a concern Author Response 10 Jan 2026 Achmad Kemal , Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia 10 Jan 2026 Author Response We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. Regarding the sample size, we acknowledge ... Continue reading We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. Regarding the sample size, we acknowledge that it is relatively small and drawn from a single tertiary hospital. However, this sample accurately reflects the total number of eligible patients with autoimmune diseases who met the inclusion criteria and were receiving care at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during the study period. Given the specific clinical population and setting, the sample size is representative of the actual patient volume at our center. While this may limit generalizability, the findings provide meaningful insights into unmet contraceptive needs in this specific population and may serve as a basis for future multicenter studies with larger and more diverse samples. We appreciate the reviewer’s valuable comments and confirmation of the scientific quality of our study. We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. Regarding the sample size, we acknowledge that it is relatively small and drawn from a single tertiary hospital. However, this sample accurately reflects the total number of eligible patients with autoimmune diseases who met the inclusion criteria and were receiving care at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during the study period. Given the specific clinical population and setting, the sample size is representative of the actual patient volume at our center. While this may limit generalizability, the findings provide meaningful insights into unmet contraceptive needs in this specific population and may serve as a basis for future multicenter studies with larger and more diverse samples. We appreciate the reviewer’s valuable comments and confirmation of the scientific quality of our study. Competing Interests: there are no any competing interests in this study Close Report a concern Respond or Comment COMMENTS ON THIS REPORT Author Response 10 Jan 2026 Achmad Kemal , Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia 10 Jan 2026 Author Response We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. Regarding the sample size, we acknowledge ... Continue reading We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. Regarding the sample size, we acknowledge that it is relatively small and drawn from a single tertiary hospital. However, this sample accurately reflects the total number of eligible patients with autoimmune diseases who met the inclusion criteria and were receiving care at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during the study period. Given the specific clinical population and setting, the sample size is representative of the actual patient volume at our center. While this may limit generalizability, the findings provide meaningful insights into unmet contraceptive needs in this specific population and may serve as a basis for future multicenter studies with larger and more diverse samples. We appreciate the reviewer’s valuable comments and confirmation of the scientific quality of our study. We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. Regarding the sample size, we acknowledge that it is relatively small and drawn from a single tertiary hospital. However, this sample accurately reflects the total number of eligible patients with autoimmune diseases who met the inclusion criteria and were receiving care at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during the study period. Given the specific clinical population and setting, the sample size is representative of the actual patient volume at our center. While this may limit generalizability, the findings provide meaningful insights into unmet contraceptive needs in this specific population and may serve as a basis for future multicenter studies with larger and more diverse samples. We appreciate the reviewer’s valuable comments and confirmation of the scientific quality of our study. Competing Interests: there are no any competing interests in this study Close Report a concern COMMENT ON THIS REPORT Views 0 Cite How to cite this report: Ritonga MA. Reviewer Report For: Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 14 :813 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.184936.r419472 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/14-813/v1#referee-response-419472 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. Close Copy Citation Details Reviewer Report 13 Nov 2025 Mulyanusa Amarullah Ritonga , Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia Approved VIEWS 0 https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.184936.r419472 This study is unique because it encompasses a population rarely covered by reproductive health assessments. The inclusion criteria were somewhat surprising, as the participants were aged 15 to 49. The age of 15, in particular, remains unclear, whether this ... Continue reading READ ALL This study is unique because it encompasses a population rarely covered by reproductive health assessments. The inclusion criteria were somewhat surprising, as the participants were aged 15 to 49. The age of 15, in particular, remains unclear, whether this unmet need was due to the age of their partners or simply due to limited contraceptive information. Having more comprehensive data on the types of autoimmune diseases would have further strengthened the study's findings. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? Yes Is the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? Yes Are sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? Yes If applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate? Yes Are all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? Yes Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the results? Yes Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise: Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. Close READ LESS CITE CITE HOW TO CITE THIS REPORT Ritonga MA. Reviewer Report For: Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 14 :813 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.184936.r419472 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/14-813/v1#referee-response-419472 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. COPY CITATION DETAILS Report a concern Author Response 10 Jan 2026 Achmad Kemal , Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia 10 Jan 2026 Author Response We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. We appreciate the reviewer’s valuable comments ... Continue reading We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. We appreciate the reviewer’s valuable comments and confirmation of the scientific quality of our work. We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. We appreciate the reviewer’s valuable comments and confirmation of the scientific quality of our work. Competing Interests: there are no competing interests in this study Close Report a concern Respond or Comment COMMENTS ON THIS REPORT Author Response 10 Jan 2026 Achmad Kemal , Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia 10 Jan 2026 Author Response We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. We appreciate the reviewer’s valuable comments ... Continue reading We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. We appreciate the reviewer’s valuable comments and confirmation of the scientific quality of our work. We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. We appreciate the reviewer’s valuable comments and confirmation of the scientific quality of our work. Competing Interests: there are no competing interests in this study Close Report a concern COMMENT ON THIS REPORT Comments on this article Comments (0) Version 1 VERSION 1 PUBLISHED 22 Aug 2025 ADD YOUR COMMENT Comment keyboard_arrow_left keyboard_arrow_right Open Peer Review Reviewer Status info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions Reviewer Reports Invited Reviewers 1 2 Version 1 22 Aug 25 read read Mulyanusa Amarullah Ritonga , Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia Hilma Putri Lubis , Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia Comments on this article All Comments (0) Add a comment Sign up for content alerts Sign Up You are now signed up to receive this alert Browse by related subjects keyboard_arrow_left Back to all reports Reviewer Report 0 Views copyright © 2026 Lubis H. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 29 Dec 2025 | for Version 1 Hilma Putri Lubis , Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia 0 Views copyright © 2026 Lubis H. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. format_quote Cite this report speaker_notes Responses (1) Approved info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions The study provides valuable insights into the influence of sociodemographic factors and Internet usage on fertility intentions. The study design is appropriate, utilizing a cross-sectional approach with clear inclusion criteria. The methodology is well-detailed, allowing for replication, and the statistical analyses are sound. The findings contribute valuable insights into how education and Internet access influence contraceptive needs. The manuscript offers key insights into the factors influencing unmet contraceptive needs among women with autoimmune diseases, highlighting the significant roles of education level and Internet usage frequency. It suggests that improved access to information and education can empower women to make informed decisions about contraception, potentially reducing unmet needs. Additionally, the study underscores the necessity for targeted reproductive health interventions that consider the unique challenges faced by this population. The study's limitations include a small sample size, drawn from a single tertiary hospital in an urban area, potentially limiting the generalizability of the findings. Additionally, the study did not include participants from suburban or rural areas, which may have different sociodemographic characteristics and unmet needs. Lastly, the age range starting at 15 years raises questions about the appropriateness of including younger participants in the context of unmet contraceptive needs. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? Yes Is the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? Yes Are sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? Yes If applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate? Yes Are all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? Yes Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the results? Yes Competing Interests No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise Reproductive endocrinology, Infertility, Reproductive Genetics, Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. reply Respond to this report Responses (1) Author Response 10 Jan 2026 Achmad Kemal, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. Regarding the sample size, we acknowledge that it is relatively small and drawn from a single tertiary hospital. However, this sample accurately reflects the total number of eligible patients with autoimmune diseases who met the inclusion criteria and were receiving care at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during the study period. Given the specific clinical population and setting, the sample size is representative of the actual patient volume at our center. While this may limit generalizability, the findings provide meaningful insights into unmet contraceptive needs in this specific population and may serve as a basis for future multicenter studies with larger and more diverse samples. We appreciate the reviewer’s valuable comments and confirmation of the scientific quality of our study. View more View less Competing Interests there are no any competing interests in this study reply Respond Report a concern Lubis HP. Peer Review Report For: Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 14 :813 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.184936.r435486) NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/14-813/v1#referee-response-435486 keyboard_arrow_left Back to all reports Reviewer Report 0 Views copyright © 2025 Ritonga M. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 13 Nov 2025 | for Version 1 Mulyanusa Amarullah Ritonga , Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia 0 Views copyright © 2025 Ritonga M. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. format_quote Cite this report speaker_notes Responses (1) Approved info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions This study is unique because it encompasses a population rarely covered by reproductive health assessments. The inclusion criteria were somewhat surprising, as the participants were aged 15 to 49. The age of 15, in particular, remains unclear, whether this unmet need was due to the age of their partners or simply due to limited contraceptive information. Having more comprehensive data on the types of autoimmune diseases would have further strengthened the study's findings. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? Yes Is the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? Yes Are sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? Yes If applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate? Yes Are all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? Yes Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the results? Yes Competing Interests No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. reply Respond to this report Responses (1) Author Response 10 Jan 2026 Achmad Kemal, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, 10330, Indonesia We sincerely thank the reviewer for the positive and constructive feedback on our manuscript and for recognizing the uniqueness of the study population. We appreciate the reviewer’s valuable comments and confirmation of the scientific quality of our work. View more View less Competing Interests there are no competing interests in this study reply Respond Report a concern Ritonga MA. Peer Review Report For: Factors Affecting Unmet Need Contraception in Patients with Autoimmune Disease in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] . F1000Research 2025, 14 :813 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.184936.r419472) NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/14-813/v1#referee-response-419472 Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved - the paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations - A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. 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Register $(document).ready(function () { signIn.createSignInAsRow($("#sign-in-form-gfb-popup")); $(".target-field").each(function () { var uris = $(this).val().split("/"); if (uris.pop() === "login") { $(this).val(uris.toString().replace(",","/")); } }); });