Polyacrylonitrile/CoCl2 Nanofibers Based Humidity Sensor for Human Breath and Ambient Humidity Monitoring

Polyacrylonitrile/CoCl2 Nanofibers Based Humidity Sensor for Human Breath and Ambient Humidity Monitoring | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Polyacrylonitrile/CoCl 2 Nanofibers Based Humidity Sensor for Human Breath and Ambient Humidity Monitoring Xiaoqiang Li, Pang Zengyuan, Li Mengjuan, Jin Yang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-313024/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract A novel humidity sensor was constructed using the hybrid nanofibers of polyacrylonitrile/CoCl 2 (PAN/CoCl 2 ), which were fabricated by electrospinning. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image demonstrated that the diameter of PAN/CoCl 2 nanofibers ranged from 100 - 500 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) analysis confirmed that Co and Cl elements were homogeneously dispersed on the PAN nanofibers. CoCl 2 on the surface of PAN nanofibers play a dual function in humidity sensing performances. First, CoCl 2 serves as an indicator, which can change the color of nanofibers from blue to white-pink as the relative humidity changed from 11 to 98 %, to realize the colorimetric sensing. Second, CoCl 2 could remarkably improve the electric sensing performance. As a result, the PAN/CoCl 2 nanofibers offered much enhanced response currents compared to the pristine PAN nanofibers, as the humidity changed from RH 11 to 98 %. In addition, the PAN/CoCl 2 nanofibers based humidity sensor was employed to monitor human breath and the ambient humidity, which demonstrated the excellent sensitivity of this humidity sensor. Therefore, we believe that the highly sensitive and simply designed PAN/CoCl 2 humidity sensor is a promising candidate for various applications in the field of humidity monitoring. Electronic Materials and Devices Humidity sensor colorimetric sensing PAN/CoCl2 electrospun nanofibers humidity monitoring Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-313024","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":17194445,"identity":"c060dd2c-5faf-4be5-b2ee-eef9e07b5634","order_by":0,"name":"Xiaoqiang Li","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAxElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACPjBpwMDAxt7Y+PADMVrY4Fp4DjcbSxCvBQQk0tsEeIjSwt588MOPgsNyfJIP2xgkGOzkdBsIaeE5lizZY3DYmE06se1BAUOysdkBQlokcswYeAxuJ7ZJJ7YbSDAcSNxGUIv8+2+Mfwxu17dJHmyT4CFKiwQPGzPQlgQ2CUZitfCkGUvLGPw3bONJBAayARF+4Wc//PDjmz9p8vLtxx8+/FBhJ0dQCxowIE35KBgFo2AUjAIcAACxVToOGl1pjAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4588-0086","institution":"Jiangnan University","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiaoqiang","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":17194446,"identity":"2e9f124a-1524-4372-b5d7-b893f59e9fdb","order_by":1,"name":"Pang Zengyuan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Jiangnan University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Pang","middleName":"","lastName":"Zengyuan","suffix":""},{"id":17194447,"identity":"ec356d2a-e80c-4e42-8388-a810d5a4332f","order_by":2,"name":"Li Mengjuan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Jiangnan University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Li","middleName":"","lastName":"Mengjuan","suffix":""},{"id":17194448,"identity":"1b99fe97-a96a-4acb-a5da-4ff59afc3b33","order_by":3,"name":"Jin Yang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Jiangnan University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jin","middleName":"","lastName":"Yang","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2021-03-10 07:09:19","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-313024/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-313024/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":7239333,"identity":"0ac864ac-aedf-4c22-9a27-6c5e93c08040","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-03-22 20:36:19","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":116223,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"(a) Preparation pathway of PAN/CoCl2 nanofibers based humidity sensor. The inset picture is the SEM images of PAN/CoCl2 nanofibers. (b) Element distribution of C, Co and Cl elements. (c) Photographs of the sensor and the response-time curves at the conditions of being covered and uncovered by human hand. (d) Photographs of patterns based on PAN/CoCl2 nanofibers membrane at RH 11 % and RH 98%.","description":"","filename":"Fig1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-313024/v1/fe4c14535fd0a6295ea70577.jpg"},{"id":7239896,"identity":"8763a0a4-93c3-4ecb-919b-1b9b77f77db4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-03-22 20:39:19","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":105720,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"(a) Visible reflectivity spectra of PAN/CoCl2 nanofibers in different humidity. (b) Reflectivity spectra of PAN/CoCl2 nanofibers in as a function of detection time after exposure in RH 98 %. (c) CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram of PAN/CoCl2 nanofibers in different humidity. (d) x, y value of CIE 1931 chromaticity corresponding to various humidity.","description":"","filename":"Fig2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-313024/v1/3649a75beb12819ac23c07d2.jpg"},{"id":7239897,"identity":"99c0fbad-94e4-47a9-9c13-ef659374e88a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-03-22 20:39:19","extension":"jpg","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":229776,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"(a) The schematic image of humidity sensing mechanism at low and high RH conditions and the schematic image of humidity sensing mechanism by using PAN sensor and PAN/CoCl2 sensor. (b) Relationship between current and RH values; (c) Current (I−V) curves under different relative humidity. (d) Relationship between current and RH values. (e) I−V curves under different relative humidity. ","description":"","filename":"Fig3.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-313024/v1/925c68223a428ae3f2116a1f.jpg"},{"id":7239334,"identity":"0388d644-6825-488f-811c-144cb470980c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-03-22 20:36:19","extension":"jpg","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":233559,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"(a) Schematic illustrating the application for human breath monitoring, and the response-time curves of human breathing at normal, slow and rapid frequency. (b) I-V curve of the sensor when exposing to the ambient from the Beijing Time 6-12 o’clock, Wuxi in East China, Daytime on October 6th, 2019.","description":"","filename":"Fig4.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-313024/v1/a6c5a1ef1e88631811a6e9eb.jpg"},{"id":13611473,"identity":"1221feb8-e3f5-4365-af75-f19920e1bf5b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-09-17 06:28:48","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1314428,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"renamed6f175.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-313024/v1_covered.pdf"},{"id":7240327,"identity":"e4d0e8cd-6ae3-4d47-b608-37be86e1d32e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-03-22 20:42:24","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1237454,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"renamed6f175.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-313024/v1_stamped.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003ePolyacrylonitrile/CoCl\u003csub\u003e2 \u003c/sub\u003eNanofibers Based Humidity Sensor for Human Breath and Ambient Humidity Monitoring\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis preprint is available for \u003ca href='/article/rs-313024/latest.pdf' target='_blank'\u003edownload as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Humidity sensor, colorimetric sensing, PAN/CoCl2, electrospun nanofibers, humidity monitoring","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-313024/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-313024/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eA novel humidity sensor was constructed using the hybrid nanofibers of polyacrylonitrile/CoCl\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (PAN/CoCl\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e), which were fabricated by electrospinning. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image demonstrated that the diameter of PAN/CoCl\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e nanofibers ranged from 100 - 500 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) analysis confirmed that Co and Cl elements were homogeneously dispersed on the PAN nanofibers. CoCl\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e on the surface of PAN nanofibers play a dual function in humidity sensing performances. First, CoCl\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e serves as an indicator, which can change the color of nanofibers from blue to white-pink as the relative humidity changed from 11 to 98 %, to realize the colorimetric sensing. Second, CoCl\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e could remarkably improve the electric sensing performance. As a result, the PAN/CoCl\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e nanofibers offered much enhanced response currents compared to the pristine PAN nanofibers, as the humidity changed from RH 11 to 98 %. In addition, the PAN/CoCl\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e nanofibers based humidity sensor was employed to monitor human breath and the ambient humidity, which demonstrated the excellent sensitivity of this humidity sensor. Therefore, we believe that the highly sensitive and simply designed PAN/CoCl\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e humidity sensor is a promising candidate for various applications in the field of humidity monitoring.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Polyacrylonitrile/CoCl2 Nanofibers Based Humidity Sensor for Human Breath and Ambient Humidity Monitoring","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2021-03-22 20:36:17","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-313024/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"24a5fbf7-652d-4cb8-b91e-dffcd74ba091","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 22nd, 2021","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":3113288,"name":"Electronic Materials and Devices"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2021-05-26T04:31:19+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2021-03-22 20:36:17","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-313024","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-313024","identity":"rs-313024","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"ehx78VzkSd0WSzXnipQa-","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}