Real-Time Measurement and Analysis of Electromagnetic Fields from Some Typical Base Transceiver Stations

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Utilizing a Selective Radiation Meter (SRM-3006) to detect the power density of EMF levels close to cellular base stations is the measurement technique. An acceptable distance from the cellular base station was used to take the measurement. For the research of EMF levels, four different cellular base station locations in Sitapur, UP, India were selected. The measured results are compared to international standards including the Department of Telecommunication (DoT), Government of India (GoI), and International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) standards. As a consequence of the research, it has been determined that there are no negative effects on human health or the environment in the area chosen for the study because all measured values of power densities fall well below the established set criteria. Electromagnetic Field (EMF) GSM-900/2100 Non-ionizing radiation Cellular Base Station. Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 1 Introduction The modern world is encountering a massive revolution in information and communication technology in the form of mobile phones and various broadband technologies like Wi-Max, WiBro, etc. These revolutions have eased our lifestyles by giving benefits and comforts by giving high-speed internet services and various other services like video conferencing, online meetings, etc. That is why the usage of mobile phones is increasing in a way that no one is bothered about the harmful effects of excessive usage. As a result, no one can runoff from these EM radiations whether he/she uses the services or not provided by telecom companies. Also, it is noteworthy that globally, each individual possesses a cellphone. According to GSMA real-time intelligence data [ 1 ] 5.1 billion people worldwide own cellular phones, accounting for 67% of the global population, and this figure is steadily increasing. In the year 2020, the total number of citizens of India were 1.38 billion and total telephone subscriber had reached 1.198 billion by May 2021 [ 2 ]. Because of this huge spread of cellular devices, the need for cellular base station towers for fine coverage is also rising [ 3 ]. People should be aware of these EMF radiations, especially near schools, hospitals, children’s playgrounds, and also crowded places. A cellular base station transmits and receives high-frequency EM waves for wireless communication with cell phone terminals. Due to the massive use of different telecom services, a huge pool of frequencies is required and thus the frequency demand increases with advancement in the generation of mobile communications (2G to 5G and higher generation). With these advancements, electromagnetic pollution also increases. So, it should be made mandatory for the Government to conduct the assessment of EMF levels from time to time for the safe living of human beings and nature. The compliance of the base station should be checked both before putting it to market and putting it into operation on site. The compliance assessment certifies that the tested equipment and installations are within the acceptable EM exposure levels. The EMF levels of the cellular base station are proportional to the power transmitted. Standards and guidelines [ 4 ]-[ 5 ] specify that measurement should be taken when the cellular base station transmits at its maximum power. The impact of cellular base stations and mobile phone radiation is the topic of recent interest and study because of the excessive increase in mobile phone users everywhere in the world. Several researchers performed studies to measure the EMF levels around the cellular base station to make sure that EMF levels do not violate the guidelines specified by ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) and the guidelines agreed by different countries. The power density of EM radiation near the base station in residential areas of high ranges in the Idukki district of Kerala was measured using MECO’s Electrosmog Meter Model 9720 [ 6 ]. The energy density levels of the mobile phone towers for the downlink of the GSM 900 and GSM 1800 frequency range signals for the Asiacell and Korek companies in the city of Mosul were measured using SRM-3006 [ 7 ]. Practical measurements of power density around base stations have been accomplished by using a radiation-type survey meter. The safe and unsafe ranges were calculated and a conclusion was made on damage caused by radiation emitted from Asia cell base stations in Shirqat city [ 8 ]. The variations of radiofrequency (RF) radiation power density with distance around some mobile phone base stations (BTSs), in ten, randomly selected locations in Ibadan, western Nigeria, were studied and measured. Measurements were made with a calibrated hand-held spectrum analyzer [ 9 ]. The analysis of channel power and electric field strength at various locations from mobile base stations using a power sensor, spectrum analyzer, and the log-periodic antenna was done in Ghana [ 10 ]. The E-field, H- field, and power per unit area were practically calculated with the help of Selective Radiation Meter- 3006 in Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra [ 11 ]. Recently there is no similar study available in the literature for the selected locations. In India, there are various wireless telecommunication companies including BSNL. The working of the mobile phone depends on various regions (industrial, commercial and residential), each region witseveralof transmitting and receiving antennae. In this study, a measurement method was chosen for the assessment of electromagnetic radiation in terms of power density originating from GSM-900 and GSM-2100 cellular base stations at different locations in Sitapur [STA], UP. India. The remaining part of the paper is set as section 2 which gives an idea of standards and guidelines, section 3 gives a description of the instrument used, section 4 represents measurement sites, section 5 includes discussion and the paper is concluded in section 6. 2 Relevant EM Radiation Standards and Guidelines There are some associations involved in the adoption of regulations in the area of non-ionizing radiation, such as the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) [ 12 ], Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA) [ 13 ], Federal Communications Commission (FCC) [ 14 ] and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) [ 15 ]-[ 17 ]. ICNIRP guidelines extracts of our interest are depicted in Table I. Table I: ICNIRP guidelines for the general public [ 11 ] Frequency Range E-Field Strength \(\left(\frac{V}{m}\right)\) H-Field Strength \(\left(\frac{A}{m}\right)\) Power Density \(\left(\frac{\varvec{W}}{{\varvec{m}}^{2}}\right)\) 400–2000 MHz 1.375√f 0.0037√f ƒ/200 2-300 GHz 61 0.16 10 The climate of India is tropical because of the warm and damp weather. Therefore, the greatest suitable emitted EM radiation must be considerably lower than nations having snowy climates [ 18 ]. The governing body of India has validated the acquisition of ICNIRP directions to limit EM radiation as well as modified it by the factor of 1/10th of the issued limit with effect from September 1, 2012 [ 19 ]. The extracts of the guidelines issued by the Government of India are depicted in Table II. Table II: Government of India guidelines for the general public [ 11 ] Frequency Range E-Field Strength \(\left(\frac{V}{m}\right)\) H-Field Strength \(\left(\frac{A}{m}\right)\) Power Density \(\left(\frac{W}{{m}^{2}}\right)\) 400-2 GHz 0.434√f 0.0011√f f /2000 2 GHz − 300 GHz 19.29 0.05 1 3 Device Used for Measurement of EM Field The measurement of the electromagnetic field was conducted using the Selective Radiation Meter (SRM) 3006 device manufactured by Narda Safety Test Solution, USA. The entire setup of SRM-3006 [ 20 ] consists of basic unit SRM-3006, RF-cable, 3-axes, and one-axis measuring antennas for E-field and H-field measurements. Figure 1 shows the SRM-3006 device photograph. It is a portable spectrum analyzer that can measure high-frequency EMF from 9kHz to 6GHz. Both electric and magnetic fields can be measured at the same time. SRM-3006 has been specially developed as a frequency-selective measuring system for safety issues in EM fields. Measurement of absolute and limit readings of large frequency EM fields like AM, FM, TV, GSM, UMTS, LTE, radar, and WiMax can be done with this radiation meter. The Selective Radiation Meter SRM-3006: It is a sophisticated device used for measuring electromagnetic radiation across a wide frequency range. It's primarily designed for professional use in fields such as electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing, electromagnetic field (EMF) measurements, and other applications where precise analysis of radiation is necessary. Following are the key technical features: Frequency Range: The SRM-3006 covers an extensive frequency range, typically from 9 kHz to 6 GHz, allowing it to measure various types of electromagnetic radiation including radio frequency (RF), microwave, and electromagnetic interference (EMI). Selectivity: As the name suggests, the SRM-3006 is a selective radiation meter, meaning it can selectively measure radiation within specific frequency bands. This feature is crucial for isolating and analyzing radiation in particular frequency ranges of interest. Measurement Capabilities: It offers a wide range of measurement functions including electric field strength (V/m), magnetic field strength (A/m), power density (W/m²), and specific absorption rate (SAR) among others. This allows for comprehensive analysis of electromagnetic radiation levels. Accuracy: The SRM-3006 is engineered to deliver high accuracy and precision in measurements, crucial for ensuring compliance with regulatory standards and for conducting reliable research or testing. Display and Interface: It typically features a clear and intuitive interface, often with a digital display showing measurement parameters and results in real-time. Some models may also offer data logging capabilities for recording measurements over time. Calibration: Regular calibration is essential for maintaining the accuracy of the SRM-3006. Manufacturers usually provide calibration services or guidelines to ensure that the device remains accurate throughout its lifespan. Portability: While offering advanced measurement capabilities, many models of the SRM-3006 are designed to be portable, allowing professionals to conduct measurements in various environments such as laboratories, industrial settings, or outdoor locations. Compliance: The SRM-3006 is often used to ensure compliance with regulatory standards and guidelines regarding electromagnetic radiation exposure limits. It helps organizations and individuals assess and mitigate potential health risks associated with exposure to electromagnetic fields. Overall, the Selective Radiation Meter SRM-3006 is a versatile and reliable tool for professionals working in fields where precise measurement and analysis of electromagnetic radiation are paramount. Its technical features make it indispensable for tasks ranging from EMC testing to environmental monitoring and occupational safety assessments. 4 Geographical Details of the Study Sites The measurement was conducted at Chilwara, Bijwara, Jawaharpur, and Munshiganj, all located in Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India. The locations of telecom towers at these locations are shown in Fig. 2 . 4.1 First Surveyed Site (Chilwara, Sitapur) In this selected region, Chilwara BTS is located where measurement was conducted by the SRM-3006 device. The operating band of this BTS is 900 MHz. The services are given by the BSNL telecom company. Here, it is noteworthy that the duration of each measurement was 6 minutes. The obtained photos of the site are given in Fig. 3 . The measured values of power densities are depicted in Table IV. Table III: Observations after measurement of EM Exposure Site Name: Chilwara BTS Type: GBT Date: 22/01/2024 SSA: Sitapur Maximum Power Density Allowed by ICNIRP Maximum Power Density Allowed by DoT, Government of India Measured values of power density are far below the guidelines given by ICNIRP & Govt of India S I T E Is C O M P L I A N C E Tower Type (GBT/RTT/RTP) Tower Height (Mtr) Building Height (For RTT/RTP) (Mtr) Latitude (Minimum 5 decimal) Longitude (Minimum 5 decimal) Screenshot No. GBT 40 - 27.50433 80.69043 107 Representative Location (Spot on Ground) Corner Details: Corners Distance From Tower (in Mtr) Azimuth (Angle from Tower) EMF Measured Value (Power) \(\left(\mu W\right)\) Screenshot No. Power Density \(\left(\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\right)\) 4500 \(\left(\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\right)\) 450 \(\left(\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\right)\) C1 1 \({0}^{◦}\) 329.1 108 1.789 C2 2 \({90}^{◦}\) 330.1 109 4.165 C3 1 \({180}^{◦}\) 331.1 110 1.625 C4 1 \({270}^{◦}\) 332.1 111 2.118 Spot Details Spot No. Distance From Tower (Mtr) Spot Name Azimuth (Angle From Tower) EMF Measured Value (Power) \(\left(\mu W\right)\) Screen Shot No. Power Density \(\left(\frac{\mu W}{{m}^{2}}\right)\) 4500000 \(\left(\frac{\mu W}{{m}^{2}}\right)\) 450000 \(\left(\frac{\mu W}{{m}^{2}}\right)\) S1 25 Chilwara Road 300 333.1 112 869.9 Parameters Feeder Length (Mtr) Sector Antenna Height Existing Tower + No. of other Tower within 20 meter Total No. of Antenna at Tower Minimum height of antenna in mtr 42 36 - 3 36 Number of photos from the site: 6 (Fig. 3 ) 4.2 Second Surveyed Site (Munshiganj Sitapur) In this selected region, the telecommunication services are given by BSNL (Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd.). The BTS at this site where measurement was conducted, the operating frequency band is 900 MHz for 2G services and 2100 MHz for 3G services. The photographs of the site are shown in Fig. 4. The measured values of power densities are depicted in Table IV. Table IV: Observations after measurement of EM exposure Site Name: Munshiganj BTS Type: GBT Date: 23/1/2024 SSA: Sitapur Maximum Power density Allowed by ICNIRP Maximum Power density Allowed by DoT of Government of India Measured values of power density Are far below the guidelines given by ICNIRP & Govt of India S I T E IS C O M P L I A N C E Tower Type (GBT/RTT/RTP) Tower Height (Mtr) Building Height (For RTT/RTP) (Mtr) Latitude (Minimum 5 Decimal) Longitude (Minimum 5 decimal) Screenshot No. GBT 40 - 27.58003 80.67129 130 Representative Location (Spot on Ground) Corner Details: Corners Distance From Tower (in Mtr) Azimuth (Angle from Tower) EMF Measured Value (Power) \(\left(\mu W\right)\) Screenshot No. Power Density \(\left(\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\right)\) 4500 \(\left(\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\right)\) 450 \(\left(\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\right)\) C1 3 \({0}^{◦}\) 141.1 131 4.274 C2 3 \({90}^{◦}\) 142.1 132 3.657 C3 2 \({180}^{◦}\) 143.1 133 4.024 C4 2 \({270}^{◦}\) 144.1 134 4.005 Spot Details Spot No. Distance From Tower (Mtr) Spot Name Azimuth (Angle From Tower) EMF Measured Value (Power) \(\left(\mu W\right)\) Screen Shot No. S1 30 Primary School Tareenpur 85 145.1 135 Parameters Feeder Length (Mtr) Sector Antenna Height (Mtr) Existing Tower + No. of other Tower within 20 meter Total No. of Antenna at Tower Minimum height of antenna in mtr 55 35 - 3 30 Photos required from BTS site Safety Signage Photos- Antenna Photos Tower photos Corner Photos Building Photos Other towers within 20m 1 3 1 4 - - 4.3 Third Surveyed Site (Jawaharpur, Sitapur) At this selected site, BSNL is providing telecom services and is operating at 900 MHz frequency band for 2G services and 2100 MHz frequency band for 3G services. The photographs captured at this site are given in Fig. 5. The measured values of power densities are depicted in Table V. Table V: Observations after measurement of EM Exposure Site Name: Jawaharpur BTS Type: GBT Date: 25/01/2024 SSA: Sitapur Maximum Power density Allowed by ICNIRP Maximum Power density Allowed by DoT of Government of India Measured values of power density Are far below the guidelines given by ICNIRP & Govt of India Site Is COMPLIANCE Tower Type (GBT/RTT/RTP) Tower Height (Mtr) Building Height (For RTT/RTP) (Mtr) Latitude (Minimum 5 Decimal) Longitude (Minimum 5 decimal) Screenshot No. GBT 40 - 27.52717 80.55649 289 Representative Location (Spot on Ground) Corner Details: Corners Distance From Tower (in Mtr) Azimuth (Angle from Tower) EMF Measured Value (Power) \(\left(\mu W\right)\) Screenshot No. Power Density C1 2 \({0}^{◦}\) 308.1 290 703 \(\mu W/{m}^{2}\) 4500000 \(\mu W/{m}^{2}\) 450000 \(\mu W/{m}^{2}\) C2 2 \({90}^{◦}\) 310.1 291 1.399 m \(W/{m}^{2}\) 4500 \(\left(\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\right)\) 450 \(\left(\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\right)\) C3 3 \({180}^{◦}\) 312.1 292 5.634 m \(W/{m}^{2}\) C4 2 \({270}^{◦}\) 313.1 293 1.721 m \(W/{m}^{2}\) Spot Details Spot No. Distance From Tower (Mtr) Spot Name Azimuth (Angle From Tower) EMF Measured Value (Power) \(\left(\mu W\right)\) Screen Shot No. Power density m \(W/{m}^{2}\) S1 30 Jawaharpur Sugarmill office 200 314.1 294 2.141 Parameters Feeder Length (Mtr) Sector Antenna Height Existing Tower + No. of other Tower within 20 meter Total No. of Antenna at Tower Minimum height of antenna in mtr 45 35 - 3 36 Photos required from BTS site Safety Signage Photos- Antenna Photos Tower photos Corner Photos Building Photos Other towers within 20m 1 3 1 4 - - 4.4 Fourth Surveyed Site (Bijwar Sitapur) At this selected site, i.e., the Bijwar Sitapur site, the services are being provided by BSNL. The BTS installed at this site is using a 900 MHz operating frequency band for 2G services and a 2100 MHz operating frequency band for 3G services. A site survey has been done and measurement has been taken by using the Selective Radiation Meter (SRM) 3006 device. The photographs of the site are shown in Fig. 6. The measured values of power densities are depicted in Table VI. Table VI: Observations after measurement of EM Exposure Site Name: Bijwar BTS Type: GBT Date: 27/01/2024 SSA: Sitapur Maximum Power density Allowed by ICNIRP Maximum Power density Allowed by DoT of Government of India Measured values of power density are far below the guidelines given by ICNIRP & Govt of India S I T E I S C O M P L I A N C E Tower Type (GBT/RTT/RTP) Tower Height (Mtr) Building Height (For RTT/RTP) (Mtr) Latitude (Minimum 5 Decimal) Longitude (Minimum 5 decimal) Screenshot No. GBT 40 - 27.54803 80.71218 323 Representative Location (Spot on Ground) Corner Details: Corners Distance From Tower (in Mtr) Azimuth (Angle from Tower) EMF Measured Value (Power) \(\left(\mu W\right)\) Screenshot No. Power Density 4500 \(mW/{m}^{2}\) 450 \(mW/{m}^{2}\) C1 10 \({0}^{◦}\) 142.1 324 5.341 m \(W/{m}^{2}\) C2 10 \({90}^{◦}\) 136.1 326 2.879 m \(W/{m}^{2}\) C3 10 \({180}^{◦}\) 138.1 327 4.860 m \(W/{m}^{2}\) C4 07 \({270}^{◦}\) 139.1 328 4.468 m \(W/{m}^{2}\) Spot Details Spot No. Distance From Tower (Mtr) Spot Name Azimuth (Angle From Tower) EMF Measured Value (Power) \(\left(\mu W\right)\) Screen Shot No. S1 45 Sultan Rotovoter 280 140.1 329 Parameters Feeder Length (Mtr) Sector Antenna Height Existing Tower + No. of other Tower within 20 meter Total No. of Antenna at Tower Minimum height of antenna in mtr 45 35 - 6 30 Photos required from BTS site Safety Signage Photos- Antenna Photos Tower photos Corner Photos Building Photos Other towers within 20m 1 3 1 4 - - 5 Discussion The power densities at different locations in Sitapur, UP, India is assessed by the measurement method. In this method of assessment, the SRM-3006 device is used for the measurement of EMF levels around the base station. During this process of assessment different values of power, and densities were found at different locations. All the obtained values of power densities and comparison with the set guidelines by ICNIRP and Govt. of India at all the selected locations were depicted in Table III, IV, V, and VI. It is evident from observation of these tables that the measured power densities are very less than the set guidelines. 6 Conclusion In this research work, EM radiation in terms of electric field intensity and power density near the selected base stations of the selected telecom company, BSNL, installed at Chilwara, Munshiganj, Bijwar, and Jawaharpur was measured. It has been found that the measured values of power densities are far less than the prescribed limits given by ICNIRP and Govt. of India. Thus, it has been concluded that all these selected telecom sites are EMF compliant sites and thus it can be inferred that these particular sites do not impose any harmful effects on nature and mankind. Moreover, it is recommended to conduct such type of research from time to time for a better understanding of the EMF levels in our surroundings. The set guidelines should be globally reviewed as per the requirement. Declarations No funding was received for conducting this study. The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article. Data Sharing Statement Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study. Funding and/or Conflicts of interests/Competing interests Author Contribution Radhey Lal: Conceptualization, Measurement, Draft Writing, Calculation.Rajiv Kumar Singh: Conceptualization, Assessment of EM radiation, Final manuscript writing. Acknowledgment The authors would like to thank BSNL for providing the necessary data for this research work. References Intelligence, G. S. M. A. (2019). The Mobile Economy 2019. GSMA, Retrieved from https://www.gsma.com/r/mobileeconomy/ . Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (2019). TRAI releases Telecom Subscription Data as of May, 2021. TRAI, New Delhi, India, Retrieved from trai. gov.in/release-publication/reports/telecom-subscription-reports . Kumar, N., & Kumar, G. (2009). Biological effects of cell tower radiation on human body (pp. 678–679). ISMOT, Delhi. CENELEC EN 50400: (2006). Basic standard to demonstrate the transmission (110 MHz – 40 GHz) intended for use in wireless telecommunication networks with the basic restrictions or the reference levels related to general public exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, when put into services, 2006. ITU, T. K. 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K., & Menyeh, A. (2018). Analysis of Electric Field strength and Power around Selected Mobile Station. Radiation Protection Dosimetry , 179 , 383–390. Anubhav Pathak, A., & Jangid (2020). Measurement and Impact Assessment of Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields . in Dayalbagh Educational Institute, IEEE. (1998). International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz). Health Physics 74(4), 494–522. (2002). ARPANSA. Radiation Protection Standard-Maximum Exposure Levels to radiofrequency Fields-3KHz to 300 GHz. Radiation Protection Series, Publication No. 3. Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency. (1997). Federal Communications Commission. Evaluating Compliance with FCC Guidelines for Human Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields. 1997-01 ed: OET Bulletin 65. (2005). (2006), IEEE Standard C95.1-005 Standard for Safety Levels with respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. IEEE Standard C95.1a-(2020),(2010). IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz. Amendment 1: Specifies Ceiling Limits for Induced and Contact Current, Clarifies Distinctions Between Localizes Exposure and Spatial Peak Power Density. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. IEEE Standard C95.2-(. (1999). IEEE Standard for Radiofrequency Energy and Current-Flow Symbols . The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Kumar, N., & Kumar, G. (2009). Biological effects of cell tower radiation on human body (pp. 678–679). ISMOT. Ministry of Telecommunication (2012). Radiation from Mobile Phone Towers. MoT, New Delhi, India, Retrieved from https://pib.gov.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=83130 . Solutions, N. S. T. (2010). SRM-3006 Selective Radiation Meter. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3984844","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":274935883,"identity":"a9a51189-4e6e-4ff3-8874-2a242a880530","order_by":0,"name":"Radhey Lal","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Lucknow Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Technical University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Radhey","middleName":"","lastName":"Lal","suffix":""},{"id":274935884,"identity":"4b113e36-1e4b-44ad-b94f-7c768ba82ab3","order_by":1,"name":"Rajiv Kumar 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11:46:53","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"coiExplicitlySet":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3984844/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3984844/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":51732050,"identity":"c9226edf-dfdf-4398-b318-3ef73139d16a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-28 05:15:34","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":110931,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSelective Radiation Meter (SRM-3006)\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3984844/v1/45a0d3c40162febbeed27d45.png"},{"id":51732031,"identity":"7bc1aeef-fb3a-4e33-b25f-fae618537de0","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-28 05:15:33","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":710268,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDifferent locations of BTS at Sitapur\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3984844/v1/71493bf852457c8e362c9844.png"},{"id":51732201,"identity":"a2ec1d60-5484-40f8-b92d-b1179487973f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-28 05:23:34","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1203627,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eEMF exposure measurement near Chilwara BTS.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3984844/v1/c6794de8246e6bf05ff8e927.png"},{"id":51732049,"identity":"80a17829-fd80-4bd7-a82e-10f7e4f54e4e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-28 05:15:34","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":532720,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePhotos of the Munshiganj, Sitapur site\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3984844/v1/b2a31a0cc7b557f6e407d8f7.png"},{"id":51732047,"identity":"876d67f3-6869-4755-ba23-9eff04be0016","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-28 05:15:34","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":565928,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePhotographs of the Jawaharpur, Sitapur site\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3984844/v1/a6abce39862a8795e17fc1dd.png"},{"id":51732051,"identity":"7566ad23-021b-40c4-9f99-c91e3d33a577","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-28 05:15:35","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":400859,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePhotos of the Bijwapur, Sitapur site\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3984844/v1/5d945e42e90c7b24196473c2.png"},{"id":51904499,"identity":"e71f5591-1bc2-4fbd-b0aa-76dcfb198b90","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-03-02 20:22:47","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":4048588,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3984844/v1/68ed63bf-46c4-4d09-a67b-d11a7e48ce34.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Real-Time Measurement and Analysis of Electromagnetic Fields from Some Typical Base Transceiver Stations","fulltext":[{"header":"1 Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe modern world is encountering a massive revolution in information and communication technology in the form of mobile phones and various broadband technologies like Wi-Max, WiBro, etc. These revolutions have eased our lifestyles by giving benefits and comforts by giving high-speed internet services and various other services like video conferencing, online meetings, etc. That is why the usage of mobile phones is increasing in a way that no one is bothered about the harmful effects of excessive usage. As a result, no one can runoff from these EM radiations whether he/she uses the services or not provided by telecom companies. Also, it is noteworthy that globally, each individual possesses a cellphone. According to GSMA real-time intelligence data [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e] 5.1\u0026nbsp;billion people worldwide own cellular phones, accounting for 67% of the global population, and this figure is steadily increasing. In the year 2020, the total number of citizens of India were 1.38\u0026nbsp;billion and total telephone subscriber had reached 1.198\u0026nbsp;billion by May 2021 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]. Because of this huge spread of cellular devices, the need for cellular base station towers for fine coverage is also rising [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e]. People should be aware of these EMF radiations, especially near schools, hospitals, children\u0026rsquo;s playgrounds, and also crowded places.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA cellular base station transmits and receives high-frequency EM waves for wireless communication with cell phone terminals. Due to the massive use of different telecom services, a huge pool of frequencies is required and thus the frequency demand increases with advancement in the generation of mobile communications (2G to 5G and higher generation). With these advancements, electromagnetic pollution also increases. So, it should be made mandatory for the Government to conduct the assessment of EMF levels from time to time for the safe living of human beings and nature. The compliance of the base station should be checked both before putting it to market and putting it into operation on site. The compliance assessment certifies that the tested equipment and installations are within the acceptable EM exposure levels. The EMF levels of the cellular base station are proportional to the power transmitted. Standards and guidelines [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e]-[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e] specify that measurement should be taken when the cellular base station transmits at its maximum power.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe impact of cellular base stations and mobile phone radiation is the topic of recent interest and study because of the excessive increase in mobile phone users everywhere in the world. Several researchers performed studies to measure the EMF levels around the cellular base station to make sure that EMF levels do not violate the guidelines specified by ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection) and the guidelines agreed by different countries. The power density of EM radiation near the base station in residential areas of high ranges in the Idukki district of Kerala was measured using MECO\u0026rsquo;s Electrosmog Meter Model 9720 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. The energy density levels of the mobile phone towers for the downlink of the GSM 900 and GSM 1800 frequency range signals for the Asiacell and Korek companies in the city of Mosul were measured using SRM-3006 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]. Practical measurements of power density around base stations have been accomplished by using a radiation-type survey meter. The safe and unsafe ranges were calculated and a conclusion was made on damage caused by radiation emitted from Asia cell base stations in Shirqat city [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e]. The variations of radiofrequency (RF) radiation power density with distance around some mobile phone base stations (BTSs), in ten, randomly selected locations in Ibadan, western Nigeria, were studied and measured. Measurements were made with a calibrated hand-held spectrum analyzer [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. The analysis of channel power and electric field strength at various locations from mobile base stations using a power sensor, spectrum analyzer, and the log-periodic antenna was done in Ghana [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e]. The E-field, H- field, and power per unit area were practically calculated with the help of Selective Radiation Meter- 3006 in Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e]. Recently there is no similar study available in the literature for the selected locations.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn India, there are various wireless telecommunication companies including BSNL. The working of the mobile phone depends on various regions (industrial, commercial and residential), each region witseveralof transmitting and receiving antennae. In this study, a measurement method was chosen for the assessment of electromagnetic radiation in terms of power density originating from GSM-900 and GSM-2100 cellular base stations at different locations in Sitapur [STA], UP. India. The remaining part of the paper is set as section 2 which gives an idea of standards and guidelines, section 3 gives a description of the instrument used, section 4 represents measurement sites, section 5 includes discussion and the paper is concluded in section 6.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2 Relevant EM Radiation Standards and Guidelines","content":"\u003cp\u003eThere are some associations involved in the adoption of regulations in the area of non-ionizing radiation, such as the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e], Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency (ARPANSA) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e], Federal Communications Commission (FCC) [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e] and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR16\" citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e]-[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e]. ICNIRP guidelines extracts of our interest are depicted in Table I.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTable I: ICNIRP guidelines for the general public [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"No\" id=\"Taba\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency Range\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eE-Field Strength\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{V}{m}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH-Field Strength\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{A}{m}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePower Density\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{\\varvec{W}}{{\\varvec{m}}^{2}}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e400\u0026ndash;2000 MHz\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.375\u0026radic;f\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0037\u0026radic;f\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eƒ/200\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2-300 GHz\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e61\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe climate of India is tropical because of the warm and damp weather. Therefore, the greatest suitable emitted EM radiation must be considerably lower than nations having snowy climates [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e]. The governing body of India has validated the acquisition of ICNIRP directions to limit EM radiation as well as modified it by the factor of 1/10th of the issued limit with effect from September 1, 2012 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e]. The extracts of the guidelines issued by the Government of India are depicted in Table II.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTable II: Government of India guidelines for the general public [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"No\" id=\"Tabb\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrequency Range\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eE-Field Strength \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{V}{m}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH-Field Strength\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{A}{m}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePower Density \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{W}{{m}^{2}}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e400-2 GHz\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.434\u0026radic;f\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0011\u0026radic;f\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ef /2000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2 GHz \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;300 GHz\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"3 Device Used for Measurement of EM Field","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe measurement of the electromagnetic field was conducted using the Selective Radiation Meter (SRM) 3006 device manufactured by Narda Safety Test Solution, USA. The entire setup of SRM-3006 [\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e] consists of basic unit SRM-3006, RF-cable, 3-axes, and one-axis measuring antennas for E-field and H-field measurements. Figure\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e shows the SRM-3006 device photograph. It is a portable spectrum analyzer that can measure high-frequency EMF from 9kHz to 6GHz. Both electric and magnetic fields can be measured at the same time. SRM-3006 has been specially developed as a frequency-selective measuring system for safety issues in EM fields. Measurement of absolute and limit readings of large frequency EM fields like AM, FM, TV, GSM, UMTS, LTE, radar, and WiMax can be done with this radiation meter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Selective Radiation Meter SRM-3006:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is a sophisticated device used for measuring electromagnetic radiation across a wide frequency range. It's primarily designed for professional use in fields such as electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing, electromagnetic field (EMF) measurements, and other applications where precise analysis of radiation is necessary. Following are the key technical features:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrequency Range: The SRM-3006 covers an extensive frequency range, typically from 9 kHz to 6 GHz, allowing it to measure various types of electromagnetic radiation including radio frequency (RF), microwave, and electromagnetic interference (EMI).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSelectivity: As the name suggests, the SRM-3006 is a selective radiation meter, meaning it can selectively measure radiation within specific frequency bands. This feature is crucial for isolating and analyzing radiation in particular frequency ranges of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeasurement Capabilities: It offers a wide range of measurement functions including electric field strength (V/m), magnetic field strength (A/m), power density (W/m\u0026sup2;), and specific absorption rate (SAR) among others. This allows for comprehensive analysis of electromagnetic radiation levels.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccuracy: The SRM-3006 is engineered to deliver high accuracy and precision in measurements, crucial for ensuring compliance with regulatory standards and for conducting reliable research or testing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDisplay and Interface: It typically features a clear and intuitive interface, often with a digital display showing measurement parameters and results in real-time. Some models may also offer data logging capabilities for recording measurements over time.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCalibration: Regular calibration is essential for maintaining the accuracy of the SRM-3006. Manufacturers usually provide calibration services or guidelines to ensure that the device remains accurate throughout its lifespan.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePortability: While offering advanced measurement capabilities, many models of the SRM-3006 are designed to be portable, allowing professionals to conduct measurements in various environments such as laboratories, industrial settings, or outdoor locations.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompliance: The SRM-3006 is often used to ensure compliance with regulatory standards and guidelines regarding electromagnetic radiation exposure limits. It helps organizations and individuals assess and mitigate potential health risks associated with exposure to electromagnetic fields.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, the Selective Radiation Meter SRM-3006 is a versatile and reliable tool for professionals working in fields where precise measurement and analysis of electromagnetic radiation are paramount. Its technical features make it indispensable for tasks ranging from EMC testing to environmental monitoring and occupational safety assessments.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"4 Geographical Details of the Study Sites","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe measurement was conducted at Chilwara, Bijwara, Jawaharpur, and Munshiganj, all located in Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh, India. The locations of telecom towers at these locations are shown in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e4.1 First Surveyed Site (Chilwara, Sitapur)\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn this selected region, Chilwara BTS is located where measurement was conducted by the SRM-3006 device. The operating band of this BTS is 900 MHz. The services are given by the BSNL telecom company. Here, it is noteworthy that the duration of each measurement was 6 minutes. The obtained photos of the site are given in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e. The measured values of power densities are depicted in Table IV.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTable III: Observations after measurement of EM Exposure\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tabc\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSite Name: Chilwara\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBTS Type: GBT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDate: 22/01/2024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSSA: Sitapur\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaximum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower Density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAllowed by ICNIRP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaximum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower Density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAllowed by DoT,\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGovernment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eof India\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"16\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMeasured\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evalues of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epower density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eare far below the\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eguidelines\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003egiven by\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eICNIRP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026amp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGovt of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"16\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTower Type\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(GBT/RTT/RTP)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTower\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHeight\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBuilding Height\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(For RTT/RTP)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLatitude\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Minimum 5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003edecimal)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLongitude\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Minimum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 decimal)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScreenshot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGBT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.50433\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80.69043\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e107\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRepresentative Location (Spot on Ground)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"9\" align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"17\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCorner Details:\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCorners\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDistance From Tower (in Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAzimuth\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Angle from Tower)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEMF Measured Value (Power) \u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\mu W\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScreenshot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower Density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4500\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e450\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({0}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e329.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e108\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.789\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({90}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e330.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e109\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.165\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({180}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e331.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e110\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.625\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({270}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e332.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e111\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.118\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"17\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpot Details\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDistance From Tower (Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpot Name\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAzimuth (Angle From Tower)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEMF Measured Value (Power)\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\mu W\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScreen Shot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower Density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{\\mu W}{{m}^{2}}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4500000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{\\mu W}{{m}^{2}}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e450000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{\\mu W}{{m}^{2}}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChilwara Road\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e300\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e333.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e112\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e869.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eParameters\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFeeder Length (Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSector Antenna Height\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExisting Tower\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;No. of other Tower within 20 meter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal No. of Antenna at Tower\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMinimum height of antenna in mtr\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"17\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNumber of photos from the site: 6 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e4.2 Second Surveyed Site (Munshiganj Sitapur)\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn this selected region, the telecommunication services are given by BSNL (Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd.). The BTS at this site where measurement was conducted, the operating frequency band is 900 MHz for 2G services and 2100 MHz for 3G services. The photographs of the site are shown in Fig.\u0026nbsp;4. The measured values of power densities are depicted in Table IV.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTable IV: Observations after measurement of EM exposure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"colspec\" align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tabd\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSite Name: Munshiganj\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBTS Type: GBT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDate: 23/1/2024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSSA: Sitapur\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaximum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAllowed by ICNIRP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaximum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAllowed by DoT of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGovernment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eof India\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"17\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMeasured\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evalues of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epower density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAre far below the\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eguidelines\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003egiven by\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eICNIRP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026amp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGovt of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"17\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTower Type\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(GBT/RTT/RTP)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTower\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHeight\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBuilding Height\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(For RTT/RTP)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLatitude\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Minimum 5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDecimal)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLongitude\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Minimum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 decimal)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScreenshot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGBT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.58003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80.67129\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e130\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRepresentative Location (Spot on Ground)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"12\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCorner Details:\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCorners\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDistance From Tower (in Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAzimuth\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Angle from Tower)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEMF Measured Value (Power) \u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\mu W\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScreenshot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower Density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4500\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e450\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({0}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e141.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e131\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.274\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({90}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e142.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e132\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.657\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({180}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e143.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e133\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({270}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e144.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e134\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"12\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpot Details\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDistance From Tower (Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpot Name\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAzimuth (Angle From Tower)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEMF Measured Value (Power)\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\mu W\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScreen Shot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrimary School Tareenpur\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e145.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e135\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eParameters\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFeeder Length (Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSector Antenna Height (Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExisting Tower\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;No. of other Tower within 20 meter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal No. of Antenna at Tower\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMinimum height of antenna in mtr\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePhotos required from BTS site\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSafety Signage Photos-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAntenna\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePhotos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTower photos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCorner Photos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBuilding\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePhotos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOther towers within 20m\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e4.3 Third Surveyed Site (Jawaharpur, Sitapur)\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAt this selected site, BSNL is providing telecom services and is operating at 900 MHz frequency band for 2G services and 2100 MHz frequency band for 3G services. The photographs captured at this site are given in Fig.\u0026nbsp;5. The measured values of power densities are depicted in Table V.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTable V: Observations after measurement of EM Exposure\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"colspec\" align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tabe\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSite Name: Jawaharpur\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"9\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBTS Type: GBT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDate: 25/01/2024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSSA: Sitapur\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaximum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAllowed by ICNIRP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaximum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAllowed by DoT of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGovernment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eof India\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"17\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMeasured\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evalues of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epower density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAre far below the\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eguidelines\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003egiven by\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eICNIRP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026amp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGovt of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"17\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSite\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCOMPLIANCE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTower Type\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(GBT/RTT/RTP)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTower\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHeight\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBuilding Height\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(For RTT/RTP)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLatitude\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Minimum 5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDecimal)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLongitude\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Minimum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 decimal)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScreenshot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGBT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.52717\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80.55649\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e289\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRepresentative Location (Spot on Ground)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"14\" align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"22\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCorner Details:\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCorners\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDistance From Tower (in Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAzimuth\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Angle from Tower)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"7\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEMF Measured Value (Power) \u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\mu W\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScreenshot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower Density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({0}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"7\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e308.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e290\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e703\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\mu W/{m}^{2}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4500000\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\mu W/{m}^{2}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e450000 \u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\mu W/{m}^{2}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({90}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"7\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e310.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e291\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.399 m\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(W/{m}^{2}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4500\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e450\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\frac{mW}{{m}^{2}}\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({180}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"7\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e312.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e292\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.634 m\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(W/{m}^{2}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({270}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"7\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e313.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e293\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.721 m\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(W/{m}^{2}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"22\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpot Details\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDistance From Tower (Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpot Name\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAzimuth (Angle From Tower)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEMF Measured Value (Power)\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\mu W\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScreen Shot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003em\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(W/{m}^{2}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJawaharpur Sugarmill office\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e200\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e314.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e294\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.141\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" rowspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eParameters\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFeeder Length (Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSector Antenna Height\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"7\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExisting Tower\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;No. of other Tower within 20 meter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal No. of Antenna at Tower\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMinimum height of antenna in mtr\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"7\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePhotos required from BTS site\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSafety Signage Photos-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAntenna\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePhotos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTower photos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCorner Photos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBuilding\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePhotos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOther towers within 20m\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e4.4 Fourth Surveyed Site (Bijwar Sitapur)\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAt this selected site, i.e., the Bijwar Sitapur site, the services are being provided by BSNL. The BTS installed at this site is using a 900 MHz operating frequency band for 2G services and a 2100 MHz operating frequency band for 3G services. A site survey has been done and measurement has been taken by using the Selective Radiation Meter (SRM) 3006 device. The photographs of the site are shown in Fig.\u0026nbsp;6. The measured values of power densities are depicted in Table VI.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTable VI: Observations after measurement of EM Exposure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"colspec\" align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003ctable id=\"Tabf\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSite Name: Bijwar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"9\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBTS Type: GBT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDate: 27/01/2024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSSA: Sitapur\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaximum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAllowed by ICNIRP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaximum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAllowed by DoT of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGovernment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eof India\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"17\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMeasured\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003evalues of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003epower density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eare far below the\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eguidelines\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003egiven by\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eICNIRP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026amp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGovt of\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"17\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTower Type\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(GBT/RTT/RTP)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTower\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHeight\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBuilding Height\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(For RTT/RTP)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLatitude\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Minimum 5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDecimal)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLongitude\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Minimum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 decimal)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScreenshot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGBT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.54803\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80.71218\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e323\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRepresentative Location (Spot on Ground)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"13\" align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"19\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCorner Details:\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCorners\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDistance From Tower (in Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAzimuth\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(Angle from Tower)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEMF Measured Value (Power) \u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\mu W\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScreenshot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower Density\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4500\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(mW/{m}^{2}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e450\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(mW/{m}^{2}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({0}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e142.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e324\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.341 m\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(W/{m}^{2}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({90}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e136.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e326\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.879 m\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(W/{m}^{2}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({180}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e138.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e327\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.860 m\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(W/{m}^{2}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\({270}^{◦}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e139.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e328\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.468 m\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(W/{m}^{2}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"19\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpot Details\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDistance From Tower (Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpot Name\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAzimuth (Angle From Tower)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEMF Measured Value (Power)\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\left(\\mu W\\right)\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScreen Shot No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSultan Rotovoter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e280\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e140.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e329\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eParameters\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFeeder Length (Mtr)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSector Antenna Height\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExisting Tower\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;No. of other Tower within 20 meter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal No. of Antenna at Tower\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMinimum height of antenna in mtr\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePhotos required from BTS site\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSafety Signage Photos-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAntenna\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePhotos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTower photos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCorner Photos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBuilding\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePhotos\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOther towers within 20m\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"5 Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe power densities at different locations in Sitapur, UP, India is assessed by the measurement method. In this method of assessment, the SRM-3006 device is used for the measurement of EMF levels around the base station. During this process of assessment different values of power, and densities were found at different locations. All the obtained values of power densities and comparison with the set guidelines by ICNIRP and Govt. of India at all the selected locations were depicted in Table III, IV, V, and VI. It is evident from observation of these tables that the measured power densities are very less than the set guidelines.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"6 Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn this research work, EM radiation in terms of electric field intensity and power density near the selected base stations of the selected telecom company, BSNL, installed at Chilwara, Munshiganj, Bijwar, and Jawaharpur was measured. It has been found that the measured values of power densities are far less than the prescribed limits given by ICNIRP and Govt. of India. Thus, it has been concluded that all these selected telecom sites are EMF compliant sites and thus it can be inferred that these particular sites do not impose any harmful effects on nature and mankind. Moreover, it is recommended to conduct such type of research from time to time for a better understanding of the EMF levels in our surroundings. The set guidelines should be globally reviewed as per the requirement.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003eNo funding was received for conducting this study.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eData Sharing Statement\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eData sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eFunding\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eand/or Conflicts of interests/Competing interests\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAuthor Contribution\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eRadhey Lal: Conceptualization, Measurement, Draft Writing, Calculation.Rajiv Kumar Singh: Conceptualization, Assessment of EM radiation, Final manuscript writing.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAcknowledgment\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe authors would like to thank BSNL for providing the necessary data for this research work.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIntelligence, G. 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SRM-3006 Selective Radiation Meter.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":true,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Electromagnetic Field (EMF), GSM-900/2100, Non-ionizing radiation, Cellular Base Station.","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3984844/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3984844/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eIn this study, RF electromagnetic field (EMF) levels produced by GSM 900, and GSM 2100 cellular base stations installed in various locations in Sitapur, UP, India, are measured and evaluated. Utilizing a Selective Radiation Meter (SRM-3006) to detect the power density of EMF levels close to cellular base stations is the measurement technique. An acceptable distance from the cellular base station was used to take the measurement. For the research of EMF levels, four different cellular base station locations in Sitapur, UP, India were selected. The measured results are compared to international standards including the Department of Telecommunication (DoT), Government of India (GoI), and International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) standards. As a consequence of the research, it has been determined that there are no negative effects on human health or the environment in the area chosen for the study because all measured values of power densities fall well below the established set criteria.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Real-Time Measurement and Analysis of Electromagnetic Fields from Some Typical Base Transceiver Stations","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-02-28 05:15:24","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3984844/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"c7a8b6cf-7c9e-42ad-9adf-e6e6ee80705d","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 28th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-03-02T20:14:38+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-02-28 05:15:24","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-3984844","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-3984844","identity":"rs-3984844","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"rHA-KDH7Qsr4HCuvH75dn","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}