The Being Method: a new intervention program for distress emotional management through self-compassion and compassion

The Being Method: a new intervention program for distress emotional management through self-compassion and compassion | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The Being Method: a new intervention program for distress emotional management through self-compassion and compassion Marina Bassas, Jaume Grané-Morcillo, Jordi Segura, Olga Herrero, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6457334/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract A growing body of research has demonstrated how cultivating a compassionate mind can help alleviate and prevent a variety of psychological problems. Since the beginning of the 21st century, there has been a boom in third-generation therapies based on compassion. This study proposes a new method, the Being Method, whose central focus revolves around self-compasion and compassion. The Being Method was influenced by Buddhist philosophy and contemporary psychology, which were based mainly on Western rationalist currents. The objective of this research was to analyse the effectiveness of this method in fostering emotional changes by focusing on concerns through the lenses of self-compassion and compassion. The sample consisted of 47 women between 18 and 53 years old (M age =36.02; SD age = 11.86) who were interested in personal growth. The following measuring instruments were administered: the Peace of Mind Scale (PoM), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES; Rosenberg, 1965 ), the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), the Self-Compassionate and Compassionate Action and Engagement Scale (CAES), the Coping Response Inventory for Adults (CRI-A) and the Cognitive‒Behavioral Strategies Evaluation Scale (MOLDES). The research followed a repeated measures cross-sectional design and an experimental methodology. Longitudinal analysis was also carried out through a pre-post program comparison. The obtained outcomes revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) before and after therapy in terms of the variables peace of mind, self-esteem, happiness, self-compassion (A-B), compassion (A-B), several mental molds, and several coping strategies. Additionally, between-group (experimental and control groups) comparisons revealed significantly greater means in the experimental group than in the control group. Thus, these outcomes highlighted the effectiveness of the therapy in improving all the analysed dimensions. The social, clinical and research implications are discussed. Being method self-compassion compassion effectiveness emotional management intervention programme personal growth Introduction In recent decades, medical advances have led to an increase in life expectancy. This growth in the physical health of people contrasts with the high figures that demonstrate an increase in mental illness. The World Health Organization stated that, in 2019, suicide was the fourth leading cause of death in the 15–29 age group worldwide (Gabilondo, 2020 ). In Western society, there has been a drift towards a conception of the human being centred on the way of doing, that is, a vision that places emphasis on execution rather than on the way of being, attending to and responding to the needs of the person (Fromm, 1956 ). Our culture has not propitiated or generated certain specific discriminations in a more explicit way, such as the flow of emotions and thoughts. From a phylogenetic point of view, these discriminations may not be relevant for the survival of the species, or at least not until relatively recently (Mañas, 2007 ). Well-being not only involves the absence of disease or illness but also encompasses a complete state of well-being at many levels. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not only the absence of disease or illness (OMS, 1986 ). It was not until the beginning of this century that there was a real interest in the scientific study of well-being in favour of the emotional health of people. If psychology were to further develop this preventive line, even if it were to bring it into schools, the level of mental illness seems that it could be reduced (Ferrari et al., 2019 ). Numerous psychological approaches emphasize the importance of promoting the development of individual capacities and potentialities. The personal growth dimension stands as one of the most genuine and representative factors of psychological well-being (Freire et al., 2022 ) and is the most representative dimension as an exponent of optimal positive functioning (Díaz, 2006 ). The resources most closely associated with personal growth are self-determination, flow state, mindfulness, compassion and psychological capital. Compassion is one of the resources most closely associated with personal growth (Freire et al., 2022 ). In this study, a new intervention model based on compassion for personal growth is proposed to further contribute to the urgent need for new therapeutic approaches based on prevention. One of the main benefits of compassion is that it promotes individuals’ eagerness to achieve their personal growth (Aranha et al., 2019 ; Neff et al., 2007 ). While it is true that there are already third-generation therapeutic approaches whose central axis revolves around the development of compassion, such as compassion-focus therapy (Gilbert, 2009 ) or mindfulness and self-compassion programs (Neff & Germer, 2023 ), none address it as proposed by the Being Method. Compassion Focus Therapy vs Being Compassion focused therapy (CFT), developed by Paul Gilbert ( 2010 ), and the Being Method (BM) both originate from Buddhist principles, suggesting that through mindfulness and mental training, individuals can achieve inner harmony and take responsibility for themselves and their actions (Araya & Moncada, 2016 ). They share the perspective that our thoughts, emotions, and behaviors can be hindered by primitive emotions that prevent us from developing and seeing beyond our immediate experiences. CFT was specifically designed for individuals with a high degree of self-criticism and shame, whereas the BM is aimed at those interested in learning how to manage their emotions compassionately in any situation that disrupts their emotional well-being. Another key difference is that CFT seeks to explain why we think the way we do, often removing personal responsibility by attributing these thought patterns to the chaotic nature of the brain. In contrast, the BM does not focus on justifying or analysing the origins of our thoughts; instead, it accepts our original way of thinking without questioning it or delving into its causes. The emphasis in the BM is on recognizing the potential within us to train ourselves to approach situations with (self)compassion. Mindfulness-based Self-Compassion Program vs. Being Method The Mindfulness-based Self-Compassion (MSC) program, developed by Kristin Neff and Christopher Germer (2013), builds on mindfulness principles by emphasizing the acceptance of present-moment experiences and cultivating an attitude of kindness and understanding towards oneself, particularly during times of suffering or difficulty. This approach promotes healthier emotional responses and overall emotional well-being. In the MSC, suffering is experienced with spacious awareness, allowing individuals to care for themselves by asking what they need in that moment. The program is designed to develop the skill of kindness or unconditional love for oneself. The BM shares similarities with the MSC in its acceptance of suffering and present experiences, as well as in the cultivation of kindness during difficult times. Both approaches teach individuals to respond rather than react, aiming to improve one’s relationship with oneself. However, the BM also emphasizes the intention to enhance relationships with others through compassion. While the MSC focuses primarily on the development of self-compassion, the BM addresses both self-compassion and compassion for others. The MSC relies on mindfulness-based exercises, often concluding with a meditation retreat, whereas the BM employs a methodology centered on learning to approach situations that detract from emotional well-being with a (self) compassionate perspective. The BM incorporates meditation to help integrate the various components of (self)compassion. Despite the common elements shared by these therapeutic approaches, neither fully encompasses the concept of (self)compassion as proposed in the Being Method. Being Method (BM) With the BM, individuals are trained to focus on the different situations that produce emotional discomfort in a compassionate manner. A procedure is proposed in which individuals are trained to ultimately feel free from suffering or at least to reduce it as much as possible. After the BM is applied, emotions evolve from a disruptive or unpleasant state to new, more serene, and positive emotions. The aim is for individuals to expand their emotional management models so that they can live more peacefully and feel that, regardless of what is happening outside, they have an internal space where they can sit down and transform their approach to experience the situation in a calmer or less reactive way. The BM promotes personal growth through mental training based on compassion. It is structured around Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) developed by Albert Ellis ( 1990 ). In the first phase, the experience that triggers discomfort is recorded, along with the associated thoughts and emotions. The novel contribution is that, in the second phase, the mind is trained to focus compassionately on the different situations that produce emotional disturbances. Following the structure proposed by REBT, once the situation has been compassionately focused on, an action plan is developed in which the compassionate approach to the situation that caused the emotional disturbance is recorded. Finally, the new emotions are documented after compassionately addressing the situation that triggered emotional discomfort, along with the intention to implement everything proposed in the action plan. Compassion encompasses various implicit values, some of which are similar, while others differ significantly, and there is no universally accepted definition (Gu et al., 2020 ). The Being Method (BM) introduces a novel approach to working with compassion by interweaving essential components believed to be necessary for its development. The scientific literature identifies several key components for (self) compassionate coping, which include the following: Awareness and Openness to Suffering: Recognizing and being open to one's own suffering, as well as that of others, is fundamental to compassion. This involves acknowledging our shared humanity, understanding that all individuals experience failure, making mistakes, and leading imperfect lives (Francisco & Villalón, 2023 ; Kraft & Gottlieb, 2004 ; Neff & Germer, 2023 ). Empathy: Empathy is crucial in compassionate interactions, allowing individuals to connect with the feelings of others. It is the practice of treating oneself and others with the kindness and respect one would wish to receive (Armstrong, 2010 ; Gilbert, 2005 ; Kraft & Gottlieb, 2004 ). Acceptance Without Judgment: Acknowledging and accepting situations as they are, without judgment, serves as a foundational step in cultivating compassion (Gilbert, 2005 ). This acceptance allows for a more compassionate response to oneself and others. Perspective-Taking and Equanimity: Taking a step back from one's thoughts and feelings fosters a sense of equanimity, a concept emphasized in both Buddhist teachings and Kristin Neff's work. This perspective helps individuals respond to suffering with balance and clarity (Ferrari et al., 2019 ; Neff, 2003 ) Kindness: Approaching all situations with kindness is essential for compassionate coping. This involves treating oneself and others with gentleness and understanding, especially during difficult times (Neff, 2003 ) Recognizing Individual Uniqueness: Understanding and appreciating the uniqueness of each individual is vital. This can involve viewing others with the same compassion and love that one would extend to a close family member or loved one, fostering deeper connections and empathy (Konchog Lhundrub, 2014 ). These components collectively contribute to a robust framework for developing self-compassion and compassion, emphasizing the importance of awareness, empathy, acceptance, perspective-taking, kindness, and recognition of individuality in fostering compassionate relationships with oneself and others. Currently, to our knowledge, there is no therapy whose proposal revolves around the development of (self)compassion. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to present this novel intervention methodology, as well as to evaluate its therapeutic efficacy. The following specific objectives are derived from this general objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the BM program implemented in a pilot format among women aged 18–52. This will help validate that (self)compassion can be developed through various approaches. To assess the influence of BM on the following variables: compassion, self-compassion, self-esteem, happiness, peace of mind, coping responses, and cognitive or emotional strategies. These variables are significant because compassion and self-compassion are essential for personal growth, and all the mentioned variables have been the focus of study or interest in therapies centered around compassion. Method Design This research followed a repeated measures pre-post design post (Goodwin & Goodwin, 2016 ) to evaluate the effectiveness of the Being Method. Additionally, a control group that did not receive the therapeutic intervention was included as a contrast measure. Since random assignment to the experimental and control groups was not performed, this study employed a quasiexperimental design (Campbell & Stanley, 2015 ). Participants The sample consisted of 47 women aged 18–53 years (M = 36.02; SD = 11.86). With respect to marital status, the majority of the women were in a couple relationship, with 51.1% married and 17.0% in a partnership. A notable proportion were single (29.8%), and only one participant was separated (2.1%). In terms of children, the distribution was fairly balanced, as 51.1% reported having child(ren). Specifically, 17.0% of the participants had one child, 23.4% had two children, and 10.6% had three children. The remaining 48.9% had no children. Almost all the participants had higher education (78.7%). Finally, all the participants expressed an interest in personal growth through yoga techniques, meditation, or some type of spiritual practice. Notably, the assignment of participants to the experimental group (53.2%) and the control group (46.8%) was fairly equal. Additionally, the mean age of the participants in both groups was very similar (M Exp = 36.40; SD Exp = 10.88; M Control = 35.59; SD Control = 13.12). The inclusion criteria for the sample were as follows: being under 18 years old, having interest in personal growth and not presenting a psychopathological diagnosis. Instruments The study variables were selected on the basis of those implemented by the various therapeutic approaches that inspired the intervention. The following psychometric instruments were administered before and after the intervention to both the experimental and control groups. Compassion and self-compassion . The Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales (Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales [CEAS]; Gilbert et al., 2017 ) include a scale for self-compassion and a scale for compassion toward others. Both scales consist of 13 items in total and use a 10-point Likert scale from 1 ("Never") to 10 ("Always"). Each scale is divided into two sections: the first, with 8 items, assesses the level of motivation and the ability to connect with distress (one's own or others'), whereas the second, with 5 items, examines how actively and compassionately one responds to that distress. The Compassion Toward Others scale assesses how people respond when others experience distress or difficulties. This scale measures a person's ability to be sensitive to the suffering of others and his or her commitment to try to alleviate and prevent it. The self-compassion scale is the same as the compassion scale but focuses on oneself. It assesses how people respond to their own setbacks, failures, disappointments, or losses and measures a person's ability to be sensitive to his or her own suffering and motivated to alleviate and prevent it. Both scales measure two fundamental aspects of compassion: the ability and motivation to connect with and pay attention to pain (connection or engagement) and the ability to take action to alleviate that pain (action). The only difference between the scales lies in the focus: one focuses on oneself, and the other focuses on others. In the Spanish translation and validation carried out by Márquez (Márquez et al., 2020 ), the self-compassion scale showed excellent reliability in both the engagement factor (α = 0.89) and the action factor (α = 0.91). The Compassion Toward Others scale also presented excellent reliability for both factors: engagement (α = 0.90) and action (α = 0.94). These scales were selected for this study because they consider both compassion and self-compassion, which are central elements in the development of the BM. Peace of Mind . The Peace of Mind Scale (PoMS; Lee et al., 2013 ) is a 7-item questionnaire that assesses internal experiences of tranquility and harmony, both in general and in everyday circumstances. The frequency of these experiences is measured via a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 ("Not at all") to 5 ("All the time"). The PoMS has excellent internal consistency reliability (α = 0.91). Owing to the lack of Spanish validation of the PoMS, a translation and back-translation procedure for the Spanish version of the questionnaire was carried out, following the guidelines and recommendations of the International Test Commission (2017) for the translation and adaptation of psychometric tests. Happiness . The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (Oxford Happiness Questionnaire [OHQ]; Hills & Argyle, 2002 ) is a self-report questionnaire consisting of 29 items that allows for the psychometric measurement of subjective well-being. It uses a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 1 ("Strongly disagree") to 6 ("Strongly agree"). With respect to its goodness-of-fit criteria, the original English version of the OHQ presents excellent reliability for internal consistency (α = 0.90) and test-retest reliability (α = 0.78). The OHQ also has a brief version (OHQ-SF) composed of 8 items, which is equally valid and reliable (Hills & Argyle, 2002 ). In the present study, the Spanish adaptation of the OHQ-SF was administered (Tomás-Sábado et al., 2014 ), which presents acceptable reliability (α = 0.73). Thus, the abbreviated version is a valid and reliable measure for assessing subjective well-being in the Spanish-speaking population. Self-esteem . The Rosenberg self-esteem scale ( Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale [RSES]; Rosenberg, 1965 ) is a self-report questionnaire consisting of 10 items and a Likert scale of 4 values ranging from 1 ("Strongly disagree") to 4 ("Strongly agree"). Both in its original validation and in the Spanish adaptations (Atienza et al., 2000 ; Mayordomo et al., 2020 ), the RSES presents a unifactorial structure, offering a global self-esteem dimension. It is the most widely used and accepted scale for assessing self-esteem (Thomason & Moghaddam, 2021 ). In this research, the Spanish adaptation and validation for the adult population (Mayordomo et al., 2020 ) were administered, with acceptable reliability (α = 0,73). Stress coping . The Coping Resources Inventory - Adult form (Coping Resources Inventory – Adult form [CRI-A]; Moos, 1993 ) is a 48-item self-report questionnaire that assesses coping responses to stressful life experiences in adults over 18 years of age. It consists of a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 1 ("Not at all") to 4 ("Quite often"). It evaluates the strategies that people use to cope with problems or stressful situations by means of eight dimensions: logical analysis (LA), positive re-evaluation (PR), seeking guidance and support (SG), problem solving (PS), cognitive avoidance (CA), resignation (R), seeking alternative rewards (SR) and emotional discharge (ED). The first four dimensions (LA, PR, SG, and PS) constitute positive problem-focused strategies, whereas the remaining four (CA, R, SR, and ED) constitute problem avoidance strategies. In this research, the Spanish adaptation of Kirchner et al. ( 2008 )was administered, which yielded Cronbach's alpha values for the female population of 0.75 (logical analysis), 0.72 (positive reappraisal), 0.77 (seeking guidance and support), 0.80 (problem solving), 0.68 (cognitive avoidance), 0.70 (resignation), 0.74 (seeking alternative rewards) and 0.69 (emotional discharge). Cognitive-emotional strategies . The Cognitive–Emotional Strategies Test (MOLDES; Hernández-Guanir, 2010 ) consists of 87 items that evaluate the mental molds, or habitual strategies, that a person uses to face and interpret cognitively and emotionally the reality that he/she experiences and his/her relationship with it. It employs a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 ("Strongly disagree") to 5 ("Strongly agree"), which assesses the level of agreement between each of the statements and the individual's way of being. The MOLDES makes it possible to identify thirty casts (first-order factors), ten dimensions (second-order factors) and three frames (third-order factors). The three frames allow the simplification of individual competencies to relate to reality: vital spontaneity (SV), adjustment (AJ) and optimization (OP). The second-order factors allow us to describe more concretely an individual's tendency or disposition toward cognitive-emotional strategies through the following ten dimensions (Hernández-Guanir, 2010 ): reacting spontaneously (D1), imagining or highlighting the negative (D2), imposing desires on reality, not accepting it as it is (D3), escaping from reality (D4), developing self-defenses (D5), generating theories of external control or external dependence (D6), acting with effort and care (D7), taking advantage, selecting and highlighting the positive (D8), taking advantage, preparing oneself cognitively and emotionally for what is going to happen (D9) and nurturing one's personal power (D10). The MOLDES has excellent reliability for the total number of items (α = 0,91). The internal consistency index values fluctuate between 0.75 and 0.97 in its 10 dimensions or factors (Hernández-Guanir, 2010 ). The results will help us understand, manage and modify our emotions and behaviors, which are essential aspects of socioaffective or alternative intelligence (intrapersonal, interpersonal or emotional intelligence). Moreover, this correlates with happiness (Hernández-Guanir, 2009 , 2010 ) since happiness is also measured, it will be interesting to examine the correlation between the two constructs. Sociodemographic variables . An ad hoc instrument was used to evaluate the following variables: age, marital status, number of children, level of education, interest in yoga or meditation and other types of spiritual practices. Procedure The sample was obtained via nonprobabilistic purposive sampling (Hibberts et al., 2012 ), as patients from a psychotherapeutic center that implements the BM were invited to participate in the study. Data collection was conducted face-to-face at two time points, between March 2023 and April 2024. For both the pre- and postintervention measurements, uniform temporal conditions were also maintained in both groups. The pre -test was performed one week before the start of mental training in the BM, and the post -test was performed immediately after the end of therapy for the experimental group. Temporal conditions were maintained for the control group. The assignment to the experimental and control groups was made according to the ability of the participants to take part in the Being Method intervention program. Participants who were immediately available to begin the psychotherapeutic intervention were assigned to the experimental group. On the other hand, those participants who received the intervention at the end of the study were assigned to the control group. With respect to ethical considerations, the study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of voluntariness, anonymity and the right to withdrawal. In addition, the current legal regulations on data protection were complied with (EU Regulation 2016/679 - General Data Protection Regulation; Organic Law 3/2018 of December 5 on Personal Data Protection and guarantee of digital rights (BOE, no. 294, 06/12/2018, pp. 119.788-119.857)). All the participants were informed of the academic purpose of the study and signed informed consent forms, confirming their voluntary and anonymous participation. In addition, they were informed of their right to withdraw from the study. The patients' personal data were processed separately from the research data files. All participants received an individualized report of their progress on the basis of the results obtained from the pre-post comparison. Intervention program: Being Method The participants in the intervention group underwent group therapy via the Being Method (BM) between March 2023 and April 2024. The program was designed by a therapist specializing in positive psychology with more than 20 years of experience. The experimental group participated in eight weekly sessions, each lasting 90 minutes, during which they received the group psychotherapeutic intervention. The new practices learned in each session were to be practiced individually at home throughout the week to internalize the new mental training skills in (self)compassion. Starting from the second session, an initial sharing of the practices carried out during the week was conducted to follow up on the learning acquired, as well as to resolve doubts and receive feedback from each patient. The content and therapeutic objectives of each session are detailed in Table 1 . The first session focused on exploring the relationships among thoughts, emotions, and behavior. This approach aims to help participants become aware of their emotional challenges and recognize their own responsibility in the creation and maintenance of these issues, as influenced by their belief systems (Bernard & Ellis, 1990 ) In the second session, the objective was for participants to identify the direct connection between their interpretations of situations and their thoughts, as well as how these relate to their emotions (Ellis & Becker, 1989 ).This was intended to promote self-knowledge. The entire group reflected on a recent situation that caused them emotional discomfort and worked through it to gain a deeper understanding of the first three points of the Being Method (BM): 1) identifying the situation that generated emotional discomfort, 2) writing down and recognizing disruptive thoughts, and 3) writing down and recognizing disruptive emotions. Session 3 focused on understanding and engaging with the concept of dealing with situations in a compassionate manner. This involved meditation on the various components of compassion, including acceptance, kindness, empathy, equanimity, common humanity, and viewing others as the most loved person in the world. A case was selected from a volunteer who had previously worked through points 1–3 of the Being Method (BM). The psychologist then presented a model case demonstrating a compassionate approach (point 4.1). The intersession task involved participants making an initial attempt to address the situation they had drafted and reviewed on the basis of points 1–3, using a (self) compassionate perspective. The goal of Session 4 was to review and refine the (self) compassionate approaches developed by the group and to implement the final two points of the BM: 4.2) the action plan and 5) new emotions. The therapist provided a comprehensive example of the BM for these last two points. From this point forward, participants committed to working on a weekly case. The objective of Sessions 5–8 was for participants to experience emotional, cognitive, and behavioral changes by approaching situations that initially affected them emotionally with self-compassion. Each week, the cases were reviewed during the sessions, allowing the participants to practice the complete Being Method (BM) by listening to the cases presented by their peers. Through learning to address various situations compassionately and by altering both their actions and emotional responses, participants observed positive changes in how they dealt with situations that had previously caused them emotional distress. This ongoing practice fostered a deeper understanding of self-compassion and its impact on overall well-being. Table 1 Structure, objectives and homework assignments for the Being Method intervention program. Session Objectives Homework 1. Understand the relationship between emotion, thought and behavior. Cultivation of shared humanity. Meditation on shared humanity. 2. Self-practice; Learning to identify and transcribe situations experienced with emotional discomfortand thought. Cultivation of acceptance. Practice points 1–3 of BM Meditation on acceptance. 3. Sharing 1–3. Understanding and practicing the (self) compassionate approach. Cultivating kindness. Practice point 4 compassionate (self) focus. Meditation on kindness. 4. Sharing point 4. Understanding and practicing 4.1. action plan and 5. Cultivation of equanimity. Practice complete (1–5). Meditation on equanimity. 5–8 Weekly practice of the BM until integration. Complete practice 1–5 of the BM. Note : BM = Being Method. Data analysis The data were analysed via IBM SPSS v. 29 (IBM Corp, 2023 ). Initially, the factors and/or dimensions of the collected data were calculated according to the correction guidelines of the respective questionnaires. The direct scores from the MOLDES and CRI-A questionnaires were transformed into typed scores via the correction platform provided by the TEA publishing house. Next, a normality test was conducted to assess the distributions of the quantitative variables. Longitudinal analyses were performed to compare the means of the pre- and postintervention measures within the experimental group. For variables that exhibited a nonnormal distribution in at least one of the contrast measures (pre-post), the Wilcoxon nonparametric test was utilized to compare intragroup means (specifically for self-esteem, negative focus, and optimization). The parametric Student's t test was applied to the remaining variables, as they demonstrated a normal distribution in both time measures. To further validate the efficacy of the psychotherapeutic intervention, intergroup comparisons were conducted using postmeasurement data between the control and experimental groups. Student's t test was employed for the variables SC-A, C-E, C-A, PM, LA, PR, SG, CA, SR, and ER. For the other variables that followed a normal distribution, the Mann‒Whitney U test was applied. Additionally, multiple correlations were assessed via Spearman's correlation test to explore the relationships among the variables analysed in the premeasurement for the experimental group. Finally, hierarchical regressions were conducted to examine the associations between the analysis variables and the self-compassion scores obtained as a result of the intervention. Various hierarchical models were tested to identify predictors that enhanced the explanatory power of self-compassion. Results Intragroup longitudinal analyses The results obtained from the pre- and postgroup comparisons of the subjects in the experimental group revealed significant differences between the two time measures ( p < .05) for all the variables analysed, except for emotional discharge (see Table 2 ). Thus, the results showed that the variables self-compassion, compassion, peace of mind, happiness and self-esteem increased significantly ( p < .01) after the psychotherapeutic intervention. High effect sizes (Cohen, 1992 ) were obtained for all these variables, and a medium effect size was obtained for the action factor of the compassion scale. With respect to stress coping, a significant increase in problem approach strategies (LA, PR, SG and PS) was observed. In contrast, problem avoidance strategies (CA, AR) decreased after the implementation of the Being Method training was complete. Surprisingly, the avoidant strategy of seeking alternative rewards (SR) increased significantly, and emotional release (ER) remained stable over time ( p > .05) because of the high values obtained in the initial measure. In relation to cognitive-emotional strategies, the results revealed a significant increase in the framings of vital spontaneity, adjustment and optimization ( p <. 001). Specifically, the following positive dimensions increased statistically significantly ( p <. 001), and with a large effect size, spontaneous reactions, effort and care focus on positive, cognitive-emotional anticipation, and personal power. In addition, the negative dimensions of focus on the negative, denial of reality, escape from reality, self-defense, and external control dimensions decreased significantly on the postmeasure. Table 2 Pre-post comparison outcomes of the “Being Method” implementation (n = 25). Variable Pre M (SD) Post M (SD) Statistic a d b p c Self-compassion (SC) [SCS] F1. Engagement (SC-E) 45.64 (10.64) 59.72 (7.81) − 6.416 − 1.283 < .001*** F2. Action (SC-A) 26.48 (9.30) 41.28 (6.20) − 7.491 − 1.498 < .001*** Compassion (C) [COS] F1. Engagement (C-E) 50.64 (12.75) 64.00 (9.46) − 4.111 − 0.822 < .001*** F2. Action (C-A) 34.88 (12.26) 42.32 (5.09) − 3.178 − 0.636 .004** Peace of Mind (PM) [PoMS] 16.48 (3.61) 26.52 (3.86) − 10.673 − 2.135 < .001*** Happiness (H) [OHQ] 26.72 (6.55) 34.80 (4.02) − 7.096 − 1.419 < .001*** Self-esteem (SE) [RSES] 18.60 (4.43) 24.28 (4.14) − 3.863 − 0.920 < .001*** Stress coping [CRI-A] F1. Logical Analysis (LA) 47.68 (8.08) 54.44 (9.44) -3.628 − 0.726 .001*** F2. Positive Re-evaluation (PR) 46.68 (11.95) 59.20 (10.51) -5.300 − 1.060 < .001*** F3. Search for Guidance and support (SG) 51.08 (9.85) 57.16 (10.45) -2.570 − 0.514 .017* F4. Problem Solving (PS) 43.44 (8.81) 57.28 (12.03) -5.218 − 1.044 < .001*** F5. Cognitive Avoidance (CA) 53.36 (11.09) 48.36 (12.43) 2.137 0.427 .043* F6. Resignation (R) 52.36 (6.29) 47.84 (8.43) 2.417 0.483 .024* F7. Seeking alternative Rewards (SR) 50.48 (12.66) 56.32 (12.44) -2.353 − 0.471 .027* F8. Emotional Release (ER) 50.72 (11.03) 50.48 (9.43) 0.129 0.026 .898 Cognitive-emotional strategies [MOLDES] E1. Vital spontaneity 47.88 (30.48) 72.48 (24.90) − 5.101 − 1.020 < .001*** D1. Spontaneous reaction 50.64 (32.91) 69.98 (27.33) − 3.746 − 0.749 < .001*** E2. Adjustment 40.36 (29.28) 77.24 (26.03) − 6.895 − 1.379 < .001*** D2. Focus on the negative 68.04 (31.34) 32.04 (28.39) 4.372 1.000 < .001*** D3. Denial of reality 69.00 (28.39) 40.76 (24.89) 5.904 1.181 < .001*** D4. Escape from reality 68.16 (29.55) 36.00 (26.77) 5.517 1.103 < .001*** D5. Self-defences 64.60 (28.78) 30.00 (23.27) 5.422 1.084 < .001*** D6. External locus 73.80 (26.57) 59.52 (24.95) 2.447 0.489 0.022* D7. Effort and self-care 61.08 (33.56) 81.24 (20.22) -3.741 − 0.748 .001*** E3. Optimization 51.20 (31.40) 85.88 (17.36) − 4.286 − 1.000 < .001*** D8. Focus on the positive 49.52 (32.47) 84.40 (18.17) -5.914 − 1.183 < .001*** D9. Cognitive and emotional anticipation 47.96 (29.37) 74.88 (25.52) -4.286 − 0.857 < .001*** D10. Personal power 52.00 (25.17) 82.40 (19.33) -6.740 − 1.348 < .001*** Note . M = Mean, SD = Standard Deviation. a z of Wilcoxon’s test value for self-esteem, focus on negative and optimization variables, Student’s t test value for the other variables. b Cohen’s d (1992) indicates the effect size: d = .2 (small), d = .5 (medium), d = .8 (large). c Probability value: * p ≤ .05, ** p ≤ .01, *** p ≤ .001. Comparison between the experimental and control groups The results of the intergroup comparisons according to the experimental (EG) or control (CG) conditions are presented in Table 3 . In self-compassion, both factors (SC-E and SC-A) were significantly greater in the EG ( p < .001). The EG also obtained higher scores in the variable compassion, although the difference was statistically significant in the action factor (C-A, p < .05). In relation to peace of mind and happiness, significantly higher means were also obtained in the EG. The effect size (Cohen, 1992 ) was large for both variables. However, both groups obtained similar scores for self-esteem ( p > .05). With respect to the stress coping response, women in the experimental condition presented higher means than did those in the control group in the problem approach strategies (LA, PR, SG and PS). However, the difference was significant only for the positive reappraisal factor (PR, p <. 01). With respect to problem avoidance strategies (CA, AR, SR and ER), the results revealed a significantly lower Resignation (R) factor score in the EG ( p < .05), although with a small effect size. With respect to the cognitive-emotional strategies, significantly higher means ( p < .05) were obtained in the EG in the three cognitive frames, namely, vital spontaneity, adjustment and optimization. In terms of the concrete dimensions, the EG obtained higher scores in the following positive cognitive-emotional dimensions: spontaneous reaction, effort and care focus on positive, cognitive-emotional anticipation and personal power. However, the dimensions of effort and care (D7) and cognitive-emotional anticipation (D9) did not significantly differ between the two contrast groups. Finally, the findings obtained showed a significant difference ( p < .01) in the following negative cognitive-emotional dimensions, with higher means in the EG: focus on the negative, denial of reality, escape from reality, self-defenses and external locus. Table 3 Between-group comparison outcomes for the experimental and control conditions (n = 47). Variable Experimental (n = 25) M (DE) Control (n = 22) M (DE) Statistic a d b p c Self-compassion (SC) [SCS] F1. Engagement (SC-E) 59.72 (7.81) 48.96 (7.60) 83.000 − 0.698 < .001*** F2. Action (SC-A) 41.28 (6.20) 30.55 (9.77) − 4.555 − 1.332 < .001*** Compassion (C) [COS] F1. Engagement (C-E) 64.00 (9.46) 58.86 (11.80) − 1.656 − 0.484 .105 F2. Action (C-A) 42.32 (5.09) 37.77 (7.06) − 2.554 − 0.747 .014* Peace of Mind (PM) [PoMS] 26.52 (3.86) 20.18 (4.72) − 5.062 − 1.480 < .001*** Happiness (H) [OHQ] 34.80 (4.02) 26.36 (5.39) 49.000 − 0.822 < .001*** Self-esteem (SE) [RSES] 24.28 (4.14) 22.41 (6.05) 188.000 − 0.316 .064 Stress coping [CRI-A] F1. Logical Analysis (LA) 54.44 (9.44) 51.91 (8.69) -0.952 − 0.278 .346 F2. Positive Re-evaluation (PR) 59.20 (10.51) 49.86 (9.66) -3.156 − 0.923 .003** F3. Search for Guidance and support (SG) 57.16 (10.45) 51.96 (9.14) -1.807 − 0.528 .078 F4. Problem Solving (PS) 57.28 (12.03) 50.32 (10.35) 184.500 − 0.329 .054 F5. Cognitive Avoidance (CA) 48.36 (12.43) 50.82 (9.01) 0.767 0.224 .447 F6. Acceptance or Resignation (AR) 47.84 (8.43) 52.73 (8.67) 380.500 0.384 .024* F7. Seeking alternative Rewards (SR) 56.32 (12.44) 50.36 (10.02) -1.791 − 0.524 .080 F8. Emotional Release (ER) 50.48 (9.43) 52.46 (7.97) 0.770 0.225 .446 Cognitive-emotional strategies [MOLDES] E1. Vital spontaneity 72.48 (24.90) 44.82 (34.44) 144.000 − 0.476 .005** D1. Spontaneous reaction 69.68 (27.33) 45.32 (32.82) 152.500 − 0.445 .009** E2. Adjustment 77.24 (26.03) 47.73 (25.25) 107.000 − 0.611 < .001*** D2. Focus on the negative 32.04 (28.39) 63.82 (31.40) 441.500 0.604 < .001*** D3. Denial of reality 40.76 (24.89) 66.32 (20.98) 3.777 1.104 < .001*** D4. Escape from reality 36.00 (26.77) 60.36 (25.76) 418.500 0.522 .002** D5. Self-defences 30.00 (23.27) 63.50 (26.45) 453.000 0.647 < .001*** D6. External locus 59.52 (24.95) 80.14 (22.50) 410.000 0.491 .004** D7. Effort and self-care 81.24 (20.22) 70.27 (27.48) 214.500 − 0.220 .193 E3. Optimization 85.88 (17.36) 59.86 (29.89) 127.000 − 0.538 .001*** D8. Focus on the positive 84.40 (18.17) 58.91 (31.52) 143.000 − 0.480 .004** D9. Cognitive and emotional anticipation 74.88 (25.52) 65.32 (26.49) 205.000 − 0.255 .134 D10. Personal power 82.40 (19.33) 55.00 (29.24) 113.500 − 0.587 < .001*** Note . M = Mean, SD = Standard Deviation. a Student’s t test values for SC-A, C-E, C-A, PM, LA, PR, SG, CA, SR, ER and Denial of reality; W Mann‒Whitney test values for the other variables. b Cohen’s d (1992) indicates the effect size: d = .2 (small), d = .5 (medium), d = .8 (large). c Probability value: * p ≤ .05, ** p ≤ .01, *** p ≤ .001. Self-compassion and related factors The results of Spearman's multiple correlation (see Table 4 ) of the premeasure data revealed that the factor self-compassion engagement (SC-E) was directly and significantly correlated with the following variables: self-compassion-action (SC-A), happiness, self-esteem, positive reappraisal, problem solving, alternative reward seeking, adjustment and optimization. Inverse correlations were obtained with respect to behavioral avoidance and resignation. The self-compassion action factor (SC-A) presented significant and positive correlations with the following variables: H, SE, LA, PR, PS, VS, AD and OP. In addition, the factor compassion engagement to others (C-E) only or obtained a direct correlation with compassion-action (C-A), SR, AD and OP. However, the results showed that the compassion-action factor (C-A) did not present any significant correlation with the variables analysed. Table 4 Multiple Spearman’s correlations. SC-E 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 2. SC-A .700*** — 3. C-E .360 .212 — 4. C-A .361 .208 .526** — 5. PM .143 .343 .218 .027 — 6. H .585** .595** .130 .102 .391 — 7. SE .522** .734*** .313 .275 .259 .328 — 8. LA .133 .436* .083 − .084 .163 .187 .216 — 9. PR .521** .640*** .384 .221 .232 .581** .515** .494* — 10. SG .394 .265 .211 − .056 − .078 .140 .060 .501* .381 — 11. PS .436* .591** .377 .116 .365 .366 .598** .645*** .698*** .617*** — 12. CA − .407* − .092 − .178 − .061 .036 .047 − .114 .308 .005 − .213 − .140 — 13. AR − .549** − .288 − .155 − .125 .023 − .393 − .130 .116 − .086 − .186 − .046 .436* — 14. SR .462* .380 .400* .227 .209 .080 .285 .609*** .534** .664*** .607*** − .039 .004 — 15. ER − .245 − .066 .162 .003 − .081 − .344 − .028 .425* .021 .191 .094 .455* .405* .280 — 16. VS .368 .418* .263 .281 .483* .382 .341 − .062 .334 − .229 .143 − .343 − .220 .128 − .362 — 17. AD .718*** .546** .499* .276 .077 .549** .379 .043 .623*** .228 .396* − .360 − .447* .199 − .245 .251 — 18. OP .706*** .690*** .520** .392 .300 .520** .658*** .159 .677*** .308 .643*** − .300 − .218 .290 − .102 .271 .795*** Note . SC-E = Self-compassion – Engagement, SC-A = Self-compassion – Action, C-E = Compassion – Engagement, C-A = Compassion – Action, PM = Peace of Mind, H = Happiness, SE = Self-Esteem, LA = Logical Analysis, PR = Positive Re-evaluation, SG = Search for Guidance and Support, PS = Problem Solving, CA = Cognitive Avoidance, AR = Acceptance or Resignation, SR = Seeking Alternative Rewards, ER = Emotional Release, VS = Vital Spontaneity, AD = Adjustment, OP = Optimization. * p ≤ .05, ** p ≤ .01, *** p ≤ .001. The contributions of different predictors to self-compassion were analysed via hierarchical regression. The model obtained with both factors of self-compassion, engagement (SC-E) and action (SC-A), as dependent variables is presented in Table 5 . When peace of mind was introduced in the first step of the analysis, it explained 13.0% of the variance in SC-E and 25.7% of that in SC-A. When the happiness variable was added to the equation, the variance explained was 13.5% and 29.3%, respectively. When self-esteem was added, the variances obtained were 13.5% and 31.7%, respectively. When stress coping factors (LA, PR, SG, PS, CA and R) were included, the variance increased considerably to 61.7% for self-compassion-engagement and 63.6% for self-compassion-action. All 9 predictors were found to be statistically significant for both dependent variables. This hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the values of both self-compassion factors (SC-E and SC-A) are significantly related to the values of the variables analysed. Specifically, for the connectedness factor (SC-E), when the other predictors are constant, the value of self-compassion-connectedness increases by .687 for each point increase in peace of mind, by .050 for each point increase in happiness, by .170 for each point increase in self-esteem, by 1.837 for each point increase in logical analysis, by .586 for each point increase in positive reappraisal, and by .306 for each point increase in seeking guidance and support. In contrast, the SC-E value decreases by 1.654 for each point increase in problem solving, by .633 for each point increase in cognitive avoidance, and by .867 for each point increase in resignation. In reference to the action factor (SC-A), the same steps were followed. When the other predictors were constant, the SC-A score increased by .649 for each point increase in PM, by .273 for each point increase in H, by .072 for each point increase in SE, by .857 for each point increase in LA, by .619 for each point increase in PR, by .267 for each point increase in SG, and by .022 for each point increase in CA. In contrast, SC-A decreased by .811 for each point increase in PS and by .725 for each point increase in R. These results demonstrate that self-compassion is positively related to the variables peace of mind, happiness, self-esteem and positive stress coping strategies (LA, PR and SG). In addition, self-compassion was found to be negatively related to coping strategies, problem solving and resignation. However, different results were obtained between the two factors of self-compassion in terms of cognitive avoidance, as this was found to be negatively related to the engagement factor (SC-E) and positively related to the action factor (SC-A). Table 5 Hierarchical regression with the two factors of the self-compassion scale as the dependent variables. Variables B SE β β t p ΔR 2 F Self-Compassion – Engagement (SC-E) Intercept 35.151 16.789 2.09 .054 Peace of Mind .687 .394 .340 1.75 .101 .130 3.450* Happiness .050 .407 .026 .12 .903 .005 1.725* Self-Esteem .170 .446 .090 .38 .709 .000 1.100* Logical Analysis 1.837 .632 .730 2.91 .011 .160 2.096* Positive Re-evaluation .586 .814 .277 .72 .483 .008 1.653* Search for Guidance and support .306 .425 .142 .72 .482 .014 1.396* Problem Solving -1.654 .763 − .757 -2.17 .047 .066 1.508* Cognitive Avoidance − .633 .392 − .348 -1.62 .127 .144 2.227* Resignation − .867 .462 − .328 -1.88 .080 .090 2.683* Self-Compassion – Action (SC-A) Intercept 6.749 12.997 .52 .611 Peace of Mind .649 .305 .405 2.13 .050 .257 7.967** Happiness .273 .315 .177 .87 .399 .036 4.563* Self-Esteem .072 .345 .048 .21 .838 .024 3.245* Logical Analysis .857 .489 .429 1.75 .100 .160 4.552** Positive Re-evaluation .619 .630 .370 .98 .341 .003 3.495* Search for Guidance and support .267 .329 .156 .81 .429 .005 2.810* Problem Solving − .811 .591 − .468 -1.37 .190 .041 2.682* Cognitive Avoidance .022 .303 .015 .07 .943 .010 2.298* Resignation − .725 .357 − .346 -2.03 .061 .100 2.896* Discussion The primary objective of this research was to design and evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program on the basis of self-compassion and compassion. The Being Method was designed with the aim of promoting both self-compassion and compassion, as well as other variables associated with both personal growth and psychological well-being. In this sense, the results of the pre-post comparison indicated that the psychotherapeutic intervention was effective in enhancing all the variables analysed: self-compassion, compassion, peace of mind, happiness, self-esteem, stress coping and cognitive-emotional strategies. These results align with several previous studies that have demonstrated that therapy focused on promoting self-compassion improves peace of mind (Neff & Germer, 2023 ), happiness (Zessin et al., 2015 ) and self-esteem [(Neff & Vonk, 2009 ). Furthermore, the results of this research are consistent with those of numerous investigations that have shown that improving self-compassion leads to better stress coping (Allen & Leary, 2010 ) and more adaptive cognitive-emotional strategies for interpreting reality (Diedrich et al., 2014 ). Additionally, the mean scores of the postmeasure were significantly different between the two comparison groups. The experimental group presented higher levels of self-compassion, compassion, peace of mind, and happiness, reinforcing the therapeutic efficacy of the Being Method. However, self-esteem levels were similar in both the experimental and control groups. This result may suggest that self-esteem remained stable during this intervention without showing improvement, although notably, the control group had a very high mean score. The between-group comparison of the postmeasure also revealed that the experimental group achieved significantly higher positive reappraisal scores than did the control group. Furthermore, resignation was significantly lower in the experimental group. These findings may indicate a tendency among individuals treated with the Being Method to reinterpret stressful situations more positively, focusing on the benefits, lessons, or insights gained from adverse experiences. This positive re-evaluation could facilitate acceptance of reality, allowing individuals to reduce their stress and enhance their emotional well-being instead of merely resigning themselves to adverse situations (Moos, 1993 ). Cognitive-emotional strategies also differed significantly between the two groups. Given that the intervention group scored higher in all three cognitive-emotional domains, it appears that the Being Method is effective in enhancing vital spontaneity, psychological adjustment, and overall optimization. The results identify factors related to (self)compassion. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that peace of mind, happiness, self-esteem, and positive stress coping strategies are significantly associated with self-compassion. These positive associations align with previous scientific literature (Allen & Leary, 2010 ; Neff & Germer, 2013 ; Neff & Vonk, 2009 ; Zessin et al., 2015 ). Thus, these findings suggest that these variables contribute to enhancing self-compassion. A key aspect of the effectiveness of the Being Method lies in the extratherapeutic work, specifically the tasks performed between sessions. This notion is consistent with the work of Lyubomirsky (Lyubomirsky et al., 2005 ), who proposed that the effectiveness of psychological interventions is linked to the establishment of habits throughout the process. Furthermore, the voluntary completion of tasks at home increases perceived self-happiness (Seligman et al., 2005 ), which corresponds with the significant improvement in happiness observed in the intragroup comparison. This research has several limitations as well as strengths. With respect to limitations, the sample size is not large enough to generalize the results to the adult female population. Additionally, the experimental group (n = 25) was slightly larger than the control group (n = 22). Because the groups were not fully balanced, the results of the intergroup comparisons may lack maximum statistical validity. Furthermore, all participants were women, which precluded sex comparisons in terms of therapeutic efficacy. All participants belonged to the upper-middle class, which detracts from the ideal of a heterogeneous group. The convenience sampling method used in this study may also limit the generalizability of the findings, as the motivation to participate in this psychotherapeutic program could influence the results. Finally, another potential limitation is the effect of extraneous variables, such as life changes during the implementation of the intervention, which may account for the observed therapeutic improvement, although no significant life changes were identified during the process. On the other hand, we believe that this research has several strengths. First, the evident positive effects of the Being Method on (self)compassion have been demonstrated. Second, the temporal conditions were kept identical for both contrast groups. Third, the sex variable was controlled for by matching to the female sex, which enhances the internal validity of the study and limits potential variability in results between men and women. Fourth, this novel intervention method has strong practical implications, as it significantly improves the population of women who are interested in personal growth. This improvement is directly related to the inherent abilities of individuals to pursue their potential development, encompassing both cognitive and behavioral components (García Ramos et al., 2023 ).We can assert that the Being Method may contribute positively as a psychoeducational strategy in the area of prevention, both in schools and in groups without evident psychopathology that are interested in personal growth. Future research could replicate this study with a clinical population sample to examine the therapeutic efficacy of the Being Method in cases of psychopathology. Additionally, this research could be conducted with a gender-balanced sample to analyse potential differences between men and women in (self)compassion and other variables of interest. In summary, the results obtained from this research provide empirical evidence for the efficacy of the Being Method as a psychotherapeutic intervention program centered on (self)compassion. The added value of this innovative psychotherapeutic technique presents a new approach to utilizing (self)compassion as a therapeutic tool. Thus, the Being Method enables individuals to recognize their own capacities and abilities, fostering personal growth and enhancing individual well-being through (self)compassion. Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate This research obtained ethical approval from the Ramon Llull University Ethical Committee (2122018D). All participants were informed about the aims and procedures of the study and provided written informed consent prior to participation, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and institutional ethical guidelines. Consent for Publication Not applicable, as no personal or identifiable information of participants is included in the publication. Availability of data and material The data are not publicly available due to ethicalrestrictions. Competing Interests The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Funding This project has been conducted without any funding or financial agreement. Authors Contributions All the authors collaboratively conceived the present study in the following roles: conceptualization, MB, and JS; data collection, JS and MB; methodology, JG-M and MB; writing—original draft preparation, MB, JM-S, JS and JG-M; and writing—review and editing, MB, JM-S, and OH All the authors developed the structure of the manuscript and read and approved the final version of the article. All the authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Acknowledgements The autors sincerely thank all the participants who made this study possible through their time and valuable contributions. References Allen, A. B., & Leary, M. R. (2010). Self-Compassion, Stress, and Coping. Social and Personality Psychology Compass , 4 (2), 107–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2009.00246.x Aranha, A. M., Raj, L., & Premanand, V. (2019). 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Márquez, R., Prados-Parra, G., Mansukhani, A., Nieto, M., García-Cid, A., & García-Montes, J. M. (2020). Validation of the Spanish version of the Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales. Psychological Reports , 123 (6), 2282–2307. Mayordomo, T., Gutierrez, M., & Sales, A. (2020). Adapting and validating the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale for elderly Spanish population. International Psychogeriatrics , 32 (2), 183–190. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610219001170 Moos, R. H. (1993). Coping Responses Inventory. CRI-Adult form. Professional Manual . Psychological Assesment Resources, PAR Inc. Neff, K. (2003). Self-Compassion: An Alternative Conceptualization of a Healthy Attitude Toward Oneself. Self and Identity , 2 (2), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309032 Neff, K. D., & Germer, C. K. (2013). A Pilot Study and Randomized Controlled Trial of the Mindful Self‐Compassion Program. Journal of Clinical Psychology , 69 (1), 28–44. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.21923 Neff, K., & Germer, C. (2023). Cuaderno de trabajo de Mindfulness y Autocompasión, un método seguro para aumentar la fortaleza y el desarrollo interior y para aceptarse a uno mismo . Desclée De Brouwer. Neff, K., Kirkpatrick, K. L., & Rude, S. S. (2007). Self-compassion and adaptive psychological functioning. Journal of Research in Personality , 41 (1), 139–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2006.03.004 Neff, K., & Vonk, R. (2009). Self-Compassion Versus Global Self-Esteem: Two Different Ways of Relating to Oneself. Journal of Personality , 77 (1), 23–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00537.x OMS. (1986). Carta de Ottawa para la Promoción de la Salud. Carta de Ottawa Para La Promoción de La Salud . Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image . Princeton University Press. Seligman, M. E. P., Steen, T. A., Park, N., & Peterson, C. (2005). Positive Psychology Progress: Empirical Validation of Interventions. American Psychologist , 60 (5), 410–421. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.5.410 Thomason, S., & Moghaddam, N. (2021). Compassion‐focused therapies for self‐esteem: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice , 94 (3), 737–759. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12319 Tomás-Sábado, J., Edo-Gual, M., Aradilla-Herrero, A., Sorribes López, J. V, Fernández-Najar, B., & Montes-Hidalgo, J. (2014). Propiedades psicométricas preliminares de la forma española del Oxford Happiness Questionnaire Short-Form (OHQ-SF). XV Congreso Virtual de Psiquiatria.Com. Interpsiquis , 1–7. Zessin, U., Dickhäuser, O., & Garbade, S. (2015). The Relationship Between Self-Compassion and Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being , 7 (3), 340–364. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12051 Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. 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This growth in the physical health of people contrasts with the high figures that demonstrate an increase in mental illness. The World Health Organization stated that, in 2019, suicide was the fourth leading cause of death in the 15\u0026ndash;29 age group worldwide (Gabilondo, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). In Western society, there has been a drift towards a conception of the human being centred on the way of doing, that is, a vision that places emphasis on execution rather than on the way of being, attending to and responding to the needs of the person (Fromm, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1956\u003c/span\u003e). Our culture has not propitiated or generated certain specific discriminations in a more explicit way, such as the flow of emotions and thoughts. From a phylogenetic point of view, these discriminations may not be relevant for the survival of the species, or at least not until relatively recently (Ma\u0026ntilde;as, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWell-being not only involves the absence of disease or illness but also encompasses a complete state of well-being at many levels. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not only the absence of disease or illness (OMS, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1986\u003c/span\u003e). It was not until the beginning of this century that there was a real interest in the scientific study of well-being in favour of the emotional health of people. If psychology were to further develop this preventive line, even if it were to bring it into schools, the level of mental illness seems that it could be reduced (Ferrari et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e). Numerous psychological approaches emphasize the importance of promoting the development of individual capacities and potentialities. The personal growth dimension stands as one of the most genuine and representative factors of psychological well-being (Freire et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e) and is the most representative dimension as an exponent of optimal positive functioning (D\u0026iacute;az, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e). The resources most closely associated with personal growth are self-determination, flow state, mindfulness, compassion and psychological capital. Compassion is one of the resources most closely associated with personal growth (Freire et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study, a new intervention model based on compassion for personal growth is proposed to further contribute to the urgent need for new therapeutic approaches based on prevention. One of the main benefits of compassion is that it promotes individuals\u0026rsquo; eagerness to achieve their personal growth (Aranha et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e; Neff et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e). While it is true that there are already third-generation therapeutic approaches whose central axis revolves around the development of compassion, such as compassion-focus therapy (Gilbert, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e) or mindfulness and self-compassion programs (Neff \u0026amp; Germer, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e), none address it as proposed by the Being Method.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eCompassion Focus Therapy vs Being\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompassion focused therapy (CFT), developed by Paul Gilbert (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e), and the Being Method (BM) both originate from Buddhist principles, suggesting that through mindfulness and mental training, individuals can achieve inner harmony and take responsibility for themselves and their actions (Araya \u0026amp; Moncada, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e). They share the perspective that our thoughts, emotions, and behaviors can be hindered by primitive emotions that prevent us from developing and seeing beyond our immediate experiences.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCFT was specifically designed for individuals with a high degree of self-criticism and shame, whereas the BM is aimed at those interested in learning how to manage their emotions compassionately in any situation that disrupts their emotional well-being.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnother key difference is that CFT seeks to explain why we think the way we do, often removing personal responsibility by attributing these thought patterns to the chaotic nature of the brain. In contrast, the BM does not focus on justifying or analysing the origins of our thoughts; instead, it accepts our original way of thinking without questioning it or delving into its causes. The emphasis in the BM is on recognizing the potential within us to train ourselves to approach situations with (self)compassion.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eMindfulness-based Self-Compassion Program vs. Being Method\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Mindfulness-based Self-Compassion (MSC) program, developed by Kristin Neff and Christopher Germer (2013), builds on mindfulness principles by emphasizing the acceptance of present-moment experiences and cultivating an attitude of kindness and understanding towards oneself, particularly during times of suffering or difficulty. This approach promotes healthier emotional responses and overall emotional well-being. In the MSC, suffering is experienced with spacious awareness, allowing individuals to care for themselves by asking what they need in that moment. The program is designed to develop the skill of kindness or unconditional love for oneself.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe BM shares similarities with the MSC in its acceptance of suffering and present experiences, as well as in the cultivation of kindness during difficult times. Both approaches teach individuals to respond rather than react, aiming to improve one\u0026rsquo;s relationship with oneself. However, the BM also emphasizes the intention to enhance relationships with others through compassion.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhile the MSC focuses primarily on the development of self-compassion, the BM addresses both self-compassion and compassion for others. The MSC relies on mindfulness-based exercises, often concluding with a meditation retreat, whereas the BM employs a methodology centered on learning to approach situations that detract from emotional well-being with a (self) compassionate perspective. The BM incorporates meditation to help integrate the various components of (self)compassion.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDespite the common elements shared by these therapeutic approaches, neither fully encompasses the concept of (self)compassion as proposed in the Being Method.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eBeing Method (BM)\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith the BM, individuals are trained to focus on the different situations that produce emotional discomfort in a compassionate manner. A procedure is proposed in which individuals are trained to ultimately feel free from suffering or at least to reduce it as much as possible. After the BM is applied, emotions evolve from a disruptive or unpleasant state to new, more serene, and positive emotions. The aim is for individuals to expand their emotional management models so that they can live more peacefully and feel that, regardless of what is happening outside, they have an internal space where they can sit down and transform their approach to experience the situation in a calmer or less reactive way.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe BM promotes personal growth through mental training based on compassion. It is structured around Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) developed by Albert Ellis (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1990\u003c/span\u003e). In the first phase, the experience that triggers discomfort is recorded, along with the associated thoughts and emotions. The novel contribution is that, in the second phase, the mind is trained to focus compassionately on the different situations that produce emotional disturbances. Following the structure proposed by REBT, once the situation has been compassionately focused on, an action plan is developed in which the compassionate approach to the situation that caused the emotional disturbance is recorded. Finally, the new emotions are documented after compassionately addressing the situation that triggered emotional discomfort, along with the intention to implement everything proposed in the action plan.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompassion encompasses various implicit values, some of which are similar, while others differ significantly, and there is no universally accepted definition (Gu et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). The Being Method (BM) introduces a novel approach to working with compassion by interweaving essential components believed to be necessary for its development. The scientific literature identifies several key components for (self) compassionate coping, which include the following:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003col\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eAwareness and Openness to Suffering: Recognizing and being open to one's own suffering, as well as that of others, is fundamental to compassion. This involves acknowledging our shared humanity, understanding that all individuals experience failure, making mistakes, and leading imperfect lives (Francisco \u0026amp; Villal\u0026oacute;n, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e; Kraft \u0026amp; Gottlieb, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e; Neff \u0026amp; Germer, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eEmpathy: Empathy is crucial in compassionate interactions, allowing individuals to connect with the feelings of others. It is the practice of treating oneself and others with the kindness and respect one would wish to receive (Armstrong, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e; Gilbert, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e; Kraft \u0026amp; Gottlieb, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcceptance Without Judgment: Acknowledging and accepting situations as they are, without judgment, serves as a foundational step in cultivating compassion (Gilbert, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e). This acceptance allows for a more compassionate response to oneself and others.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerspective-Taking and Equanimity: Taking a step back from one's thoughts and feelings fosters a sense of equanimity, a concept emphasized in both Buddhist teachings and Kristin Neff's work. This perspective helps individuals respond to suffering with balance and clarity (Ferrari et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e; Neff, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2003\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eKindness: Approaching all situations with kindness is essential for compassionate coping. This involves treating oneself and others with gentleness and understanding, especially during difficult times (Neff, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2003\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecognizing Individual Uniqueness: Understanding and appreciating the uniqueness of each individual is vital. This can involve viewing others with the same compassion and love that one would extend to a close family member or loved one, fostering deeper connections and empathy (Konchog Lhundrub, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003c/ol\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese components collectively contribute to a robust framework for developing self-compassion and compassion, emphasizing the importance of awareness, empathy, acceptance, perspective-taking, kindness, and recognition of individuality in fostering compassionate relationships with oneself and others. Currently, to our knowledge, there is no therapy whose proposal revolves around the development of (self)compassion. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to present this novel intervention methodology, as well as to evaluate its therapeutic efficacy.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe following specific objectives are derived from this general objective:\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003col\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo evaluate the effectiveness of the BM program implemented in a pilot format among women aged 18\u0026ndash;52. This will help validate that (self)compassion can be developed through various approaches.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo assess the influence of BM on the following variables: compassion, self-compassion, self-esteem, happiness, peace of mind, coping responses, and cognitive or emotional strategies. These variables are significant because compassion and self-compassion are essential for personal growth, and all the mentioned variables have been the focus of study or interest in therapies centered around compassion.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/span\u003e \u003c/ol\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Method","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eDesign\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis research followed a repeated measures pre-post design post (Goodwin \u0026amp; Goodwin, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e) to evaluate the effectiveness of the Being Method. Additionally, a control group that did not receive the therapeutic intervention was included as a contrast measure. Since random assignment to the experimental and control groups was not performed, this study employed a quasiexperimental design (Campbell \u0026amp; Stanley, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eParticipants\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe sample consisted of 47 women aged 18\u0026ndash;53 years (M\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;36.02; SD\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;11.86). With respect to marital status, the majority of the women were in a couple relationship, with 51.1% married and 17.0% in a partnership. A notable proportion were single (29.8%), and only one participant was separated (2.1%). In terms of children, the distribution was fairly balanced, as 51.1% reported having child(ren). Specifically, 17.0% of the participants had one child, 23.4% had two children, and 10.6% had three children. The remaining 48.9% had no children. Almost all the participants had higher education (78.7%). Finally, all the participants expressed an interest in personal growth through yoga techniques, meditation, or some type of spiritual practice. Notably, the assignment of participants to the experimental group (53.2%) and the control group (46.8%) was fairly equal. Additionally, the mean age of the participants in both groups was very similar (M\u003csub\u003eExp\u003c/sub\u003e = 36.40; SD\u003csub\u003eExp\u003c/sub\u003e = 10.88; M\u003csub\u003eControl\u003c/sub\u003e = 35.59; SD\u003csub\u003eControl\u003c/sub\u003e = 13.12).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe inclusion criteria for the sample were as follows: being under 18 years old, having interest in personal growth and not presenting a psychopathological diagnosis.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eInstruments\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study variables were selected on the basis of those implemented by the various therapeutic approaches that inspired the intervention. The following psychometric instruments were administered before and after the intervention to both the experimental and control groups.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eCompassion and self-compassion\u003c/b\u003e. The Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales (Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales [CEAS]; Gilbert et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e) include a scale for self-compassion and a scale for compassion toward others. Both scales consist of 13 items in total and use a 10-point Likert scale from 1 (\"Never\") to 10 (\"Always\"). Each scale is divided into two sections: the first, with 8 items, assesses the level of motivation and the ability to connect with distress (one's own or others'), whereas the second, with 5 items, examines how actively and compassionately one responds to that distress. The Compassion Toward Others scale assesses how people respond when others experience distress or difficulties. This scale measures a person's ability to be sensitive to the suffering of others and his or her commitment to try to alleviate and prevent it. The self-compassion scale is the same as the compassion scale but focuses on oneself. It assesses how people respond to their own setbacks, failures, disappointments, or losses and measures a person's ability to be sensitive to his or her own suffering and motivated to alleviate and prevent it. Both scales measure two fundamental aspects of compassion: the ability and motivation to connect with and pay attention to pain (connection or engagement) and the ability to take action to alleviate that pain (action). The only difference between the scales lies in the focus: one focuses on oneself, and the other focuses on others.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the Spanish translation and validation carried out by M\u0026aacute;rquez (M\u0026aacute;rquez et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e), the self-compassion scale showed excellent reliability in both the engagement factor (α\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.89) and the action factor (α\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.91). The Compassion Toward Others scale also presented excellent reliability for both factors: engagement (α\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.90) and action (α\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.94). These scales were selected for this study because they consider both compassion and self-compassion, which are central elements in the development of the BM.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePeace of Mind\u003c/b\u003e. The Peace of Mind Scale (PoMS; Lee et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e) is a 7-item questionnaire that assesses internal experiences of tranquility and harmony, both in general and in everyday circumstances. The frequency of these experiences is measured via a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (\"Not at all\") to 5 (\"All the time\"). The PoMS has excellent internal consistency reliability (α\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.91). Owing to the lack of Spanish validation of the PoMS, a translation and back-translation procedure for the Spanish version of the questionnaire was carried out, following the guidelines and recommendations of the International Test Commission (2017) for the translation and adaptation of psychometric tests.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eHappiness\u003c/b\u003e. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (Oxford Happiness Questionnaire [OHQ]; Hills \u0026amp; Argyle, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2002\u003c/span\u003e) is a self-report questionnaire consisting of 29 items that allows for the psychometric measurement of subjective well-being. It uses a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (\"Strongly disagree\") to 6 (\"Strongly agree\"). With respect to its goodness-of-fit criteria, the original English version of the OHQ presents excellent reliability for internal consistency (α\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.90) and test-retest reliability (α\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.78). The OHQ also has a brief version (OHQ-SF) composed of 8 items, which is equally valid and reliable (Hills \u0026amp; Argyle, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2002\u003c/span\u003e). In the present study, the Spanish adaptation of the OHQ-SF was administered (Tom\u0026aacute;s-S\u0026aacute;bado et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR49\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e), which presents acceptable reliability (α\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.73). Thus, the abbreviated version is a valid and reliable measure for assessing subjective well-being in the Spanish-speaking population.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eSelf-esteem\u003c/b\u003e. The Rosenberg \u003cem\u003eself-esteem\u003c/em\u003e scale (\u003cem\u003eRosenberg Self-Esteem Scale\u003c/em\u003e [RSES]; Rosenberg, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1965\u003c/span\u003e) is a self-report questionnaire consisting of 10 items and a Likert scale of 4 values ranging from 1 (\"Strongly disagree\") to 4 (\"Strongly agree\"). Both in its original validation and in the Spanish adaptations (Atienza et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2000\u003c/span\u003e; Mayordomo et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e), the RSES presents a unifactorial structure, offering a global self-esteem dimension. It is the most widely used and accepted scale for assessing self-esteem (Thomason \u0026amp; Moghaddam, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR48\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). In this research, the Spanish adaptation and validation for the adult population (Mayordomo et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e) were administered, with acceptable reliability (α\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0,73).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eStress coping\u003c/b\u003e. The \u003cem\u003eCoping Resources Inventory - Adult form\u003c/em\u003e (Coping Resources Inventory \u0026ndash; Adult form [CRI-A]; Moos, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1993\u003c/span\u003e) is a 48-item self-report questionnaire that assesses coping responses to stressful life experiences in adults over 18 years of age. It consists of a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (\"Not at all\") to 4 (\"Quite often\"). It evaluates the strategies that people use to cope with problems or stressful situations by means of eight dimensions: logical analysis (LA), positive re-evaluation (PR), seeking guidance and support (SG), problem solving (PS), cognitive avoidance (CA), resignation (R), seeking alternative rewards (SR) and emotional discharge (ED). The first four dimensions (LA, PR, SG, and PS) constitute positive problem-focused strategies, whereas the remaining four (CA, R, SR, and ED) constitute problem avoidance strategies. In this research, the Spanish adaptation of Kirchner et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2008\u003c/span\u003e)was administered, which yielded Cronbach's alpha values for the female population of 0.75 (logical analysis), 0.72 (positive reappraisal), 0.77 (seeking guidance and support), 0.80 (problem solving), 0.68 (cognitive avoidance), 0.70 (resignation), 0.74 (seeking alternative rewards) and 0.69 (emotional discharge).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eCognitive-emotional strategies\u003c/b\u003e. The Cognitive\u0026ndash;Emotional Strategies Test (MOLDES; Hern\u0026aacute;ndez-Guanir, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e) consists of 87 items that evaluate the mental molds, or habitual strategies, that a person uses to face and interpret cognitively and emotionally the reality that he/she experiences and his/her relationship with it. It employs a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (\"Strongly disagree\") to 5 (\"Strongly agree\"), which assesses the level of agreement between each of the statements and the individual's way of being. The MOLDES makes it possible to identify thirty casts (first-order factors), ten dimensions (second-order factors) and three frames (third-order factors). The three frames allow the simplification of individual competencies to relate to reality: vital spontaneity (SV), adjustment (AJ) and optimization (OP). The second-order factors allow us to describe more concretely an individual's tendency or disposition toward cognitive-emotional strategies through the following ten dimensions (Hern\u0026aacute;ndez-Guanir, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e): reacting spontaneously (D1), imagining or highlighting the negative (D2), imposing desires on reality, not accepting it as it is (D3), escaping from reality (D4), developing self-defenses (D5), generating theories of external control or external dependence (D6), acting with effort and care (D7), taking advantage, selecting and highlighting the positive (D8), taking advantage, preparing oneself cognitively and emotionally for what is going to happen (D9) and nurturing one's personal power (D10). The MOLDES has excellent reliability for the total number of items (α\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0,91). The internal consistency index values fluctuate between 0.75 and 0.97 in its 10 dimensions or factors (Hern\u0026aacute;ndez-Guanir, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e). The results will help us understand, manage and modify our emotions and behaviors, which are essential aspects of socioaffective or alternative intelligence (intrapersonal, interpersonal or emotional intelligence). Moreover, this correlates with happiness (Hern\u0026aacute;ndez-Guanir, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e) since happiness is also measured, it will be interesting to examine the correlation between the two constructs.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eSociodemographic variables\u003c/b\u003e. An \u003cem\u003ead hoc\u003c/em\u003e instrument was used to evaluate the following variables: age, marital status, number of children, level of education, interest in yoga or meditation and other types of spiritual practices.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eProcedure\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe sample was obtained via nonprobabilistic purposive sampling (Hibberts et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e), as patients from a psychotherapeutic center that implements the BM were invited to participate in the study. Data collection was conducted face-to-face at two time points, between March 2023 and April 2024. For both the \u003cem\u003epre-\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003epostintervention\u003c/em\u003e measurements, uniform temporal conditions were also maintained in both groups. The \u003cem\u003epre\u003c/em\u003e-test was performed one week before the start of mental training in the BM, and the \u003cem\u003epost\u003c/em\u003e-test was performed immediately after the end of therapy for the experimental group. Temporal conditions were maintained for the control group.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe assignment to the experimental and control groups was made according to the ability of the participants to take part in the Being Method intervention program. Participants who were immediately available to begin the psychotherapeutic intervention were assigned to the experimental group. On the other hand, those participants who received the intervention at the end of the study were assigned to the control group.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e With respect to ethical considerations, the study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of voluntariness, anonymity and the right to withdrawal. In addition, the current legal regulations on data protection were complied with (EU Regulation 2016/679 - General Data Protection Regulation; Organic Law 3/2018 of December 5 on Personal Data Protection and guarantee of digital rights (BOE, no. 294, 06/12/2018, pp. 119.788-119.857)). All the participants were informed of the academic purpose of the study and signed informed consent forms, confirming their voluntary and anonymous participation. In addition, they were informed of their right to withdraw from the study. The patients' personal data were processed separately from the research data files. All participants received an individualized report of their progress on the basis of the results obtained from the \u003cem\u003epre-post\u003c/em\u003e comparison.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eIntervention program: Being Method\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe participants in the intervention group underwent group therapy via the Being Method (BM) between March 2023 and April 2024. The program was designed by a therapist specializing in positive psychology with more than 20 years of experience. The experimental group participated in eight weekly sessions, each lasting 90 minutes, during which they received the group psychotherapeutic intervention. The new practices learned in each session were to be practiced individually at home throughout the week to internalize the new mental training skills in (self)compassion. Starting from the second session, an initial sharing of the practices carried out during the week was conducted to follow up on the learning acquired, as well as to resolve doubts and receive \u003cem\u003efeedback\u003c/em\u003e from each patient. The content and therapeutic objectives of each session are detailed in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe first session focused on exploring the relationships among thoughts, emotions, and behavior. This approach aims to help participants become aware of their emotional challenges and recognize their own responsibility in the creation and maintenance of these issues, as influenced by their belief systems (Bernard \u0026amp; Ellis, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1990\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the second session, the objective was for participants to identify the direct connection between their interpretations of situations and their thoughts, as well as how these relate to their emotions (Ellis \u0026amp; Becker, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1989\u003c/span\u003e).This was intended to promote self-knowledge. The entire group reflected on a recent situation that caused them emotional discomfort and worked through it to gain a deeper understanding of the first three points of the Being Method (BM): 1) identifying the situation that generated emotional discomfort, 2) writing down and recognizing disruptive thoughts, and 3) writing down and recognizing disruptive emotions.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSession 3 focused on understanding and engaging with the concept of dealing with situations in a compassionate manner. This involved meditation on the various components of compassion, including acceptance, kindness, empathy, equanimity, common humanity, and viewing others as the most loved person in the world. A case was selected from a volunteer who had previously worked through points 1\u0026ndash;3 of the Being Method (BM). The psychologist then presented a model case demonstrating a compassionate approach (point 4.1). The intersession task involved participants making an initial attempt to address the situation they had drafted and reviewed on the basis of points 1\u0026ndash;3, using a (self) compassionate perspective.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e The goal of Session 4 was to review and refine the (self) compassionate approaches developed by the group and to implement the final two points of the BM: 4.2) the action plan and 5) new emotions. The therapist provided a comprehensive example of the BM for these last two points. From this point forward, participants committed to working on a weekly case.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e The objective of Sessions 5\u0026ndash;8 was for participants to experience emotional, cognitive, and behavioral changes by approaching situations that initially affected them emotionally with self-compassion. Each week, the cases were reviewed during the sessions, allowing the participants to practice the complete Being Method (BM) by listening to the cases presented by their peers. Through learning to address various situations compassionately and by altering both their actions and emotional responses, participants observed positive changes in how they dealt with situations that had previously caused them emotional distress. This ongoing practice fostered a deeper understanding of self-compassion and its impact on overall well-being.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eStructure, objectives and homework assignments for the Being Method intervention program.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"3\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSession\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eObjectives\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHomework\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eUnderstand the relationship between emotion, thought and behavior.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCultivation of shared humanity.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeditation on shared humanity.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelf-practice; Learning to identify and transcribe situations experienced with emotional discomfortand thought. Cultivation of acceptance.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice points 1\u0026ndash;3 of BM\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeditation on acceptance.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSharing 1\u0026ndash;3. Understanding and practicing the (self) compassionate approach. Cultivating kindness.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice point 4 compassionate (self) focus. Meditation on kindness.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSharing point 4. Understanding and practicing 4.1. action plan and 5.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCultivation of equanimity.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePractice complete (1\u0026ndash;5).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMeditation on equanimity.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u0026ndash;8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeekly practice of the BM until integration.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eComplete practice 1\u0026ndash;5 of the BM.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"3\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNote\u003c/em\u003e: BM\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Being Method.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eData analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe data were analysed via IBM SPSS v. 29 (IBM Corp, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). Initially, the factors and/or dimensions of the collected data were calculated according to the correction guidelines of the respective questionnaires. The direct scores from the MOLDES and CRI-A questionnaires were transformed into typed scores via the correction platform provided by the TEA publishing house.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNext, a normality test was conducted to assess the distributions of the quantitative variables. Longitudinal analyses were performed to compare the means of the pre- and postintervention measures within the experimental group. For variables that exhibited a nonnormal distribution in at least one of the contrast measures (pre-post), the Wilcoxon nonparametric test was utilized to compare intragroup means (specifically for self-esteem, negative focus, and optimization). The parametric Student's t test was applied to the remaining variables, as they demonstrated a normal distribution in both time measures.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo further validate the efficacy of the psychotherapeutic intervention, intergroup comparisons were conducted using postmeasurement data between the control and experimental groups. Student's t test was employed for the variables SC-A, C-E, C-A, PM, LA, PR, SG, CA, SR, and ER. For the other variables that followed a normal distribution, the Mann‒Whitney U test was applied.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditionally, multiple correlations were assessed via Spearman's correlation test to explore the relationships among the variables analysed in the premeasurement for the experimental group. Finally, hierarchical regressions were conducted to examine the associations between the analysis variables and the self-compassion scores obtained as a result of the intervention. Various hierarchical models were tested to identify predictors that enhanced the explanatory power of self-compassion.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eIntragroup longitudinal analyses\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results obtained from the pre- and postgroup comparisons of the subjects in the experimental group revealed significant differences between the two time measures (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.05) for all the variables analysed, except for emotional discharge (see Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e). Thus, the results showed that the variables self-compassion, compassion, peace of mind, happiness and self-esteem increased significantly (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.01) after the psychotherapeutic intervention. High effect sizes (Cohen, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1992\u003c/span\u003e) were obtained for all these variables, and a medium effect size was obtained for the action factor of the compassion scale. With respect to stress coping, a significant increase in problem approach strategies (LA, PR, SG and PS) was observed. In contrast, problem avoidance strategies (CA, AR) decreased after the implementation of the Being Method training was complete. Surprisingly, the avoidant strategy of seeking alternative rewards (SR) increased significantly, and emotional release (ER) remained stable over time (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;.05) because of the high values obtained in the initial measure. In relation to cognitive-emotional strategies, the results revealed a significant increase in the framings of vital spontaneity, adjustment and optimization (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt;. 001). Specifically, the following positive dimensions increased statistically significantly (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt;. 001), and with a large effect size, spontaneous reactions, effort and care focus on positive, cognitive-emotional anticipation, and personal power. In addition, the negative dimensions of focus on the negative, denial of reality, escape from reality, self-defense, and external control dimensions decreased significantly on the postmeasure.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePre-post comparison outcomes of the \u0026ldquo;Being Method\u0026rdquo; implementation (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;25).\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePre\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eM (SD)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePost\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eM (SD)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistic \u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ed\u003c/em\u003e \u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"6\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelf-compassion (SC) [SCS]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF1. Engagement (SC-E)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.64 (10.64)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e59.72 (7.81)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;6.416\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.283\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF2. Action (SC-A)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.48 (9.30)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41.28 (6.20)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;7.491\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.498\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"6\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompassion (C) [COS]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF1. Engagement (C-E)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.64 (12.75)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64.00 (9.46)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;4.111\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.822\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF2. Action (C-A)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.88 (12.26)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42.32 (5.09)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.178\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.636\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.004**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeace of Mind (PM) [PoMS]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.48 (3.61)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.52 (3.86)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;10.673\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;2.135\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHappiness (H) [OHQ]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.72 (6.55)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.80 (4.02)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;7.096\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.419\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelf-esteem (SE) [RSES]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.60 (4.43)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.28 (4.14)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.863\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.920\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"6\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress coping [CRI-A]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF1. Logical Analysis (LA)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47.68 (8.08)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.44 (9.44)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-3.628\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.726\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF2. Positive Re-evaluation (PR)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46.68 (11.95)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e59.20 (10.51)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-5.300\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.060\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF3. Search for Guidance and support (SG)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.08 (9.85)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57.16 (10.45)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-2.570\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.514\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.017*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF4. Problem Solving (PS)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43.44 (8.81)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57.28 (12.03)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-5.218\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.044\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF5. Cognitive Avoidance (CA)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e53.36 (11.09)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e48.36 (12.43)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.137\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.427\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.043*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF6. Resignation (R)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.36 (6.29)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47.84 (8.43)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.417\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.483\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.024*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF7. Seeking alternative Rewards (SR)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.48 (12.66)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e56.32 (12.44)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-2.353\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.471\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.027*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF8. Emotional Release (ER)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.72 (11.03)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.48 (9.43)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.129\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.026\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.898\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"6\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCognitive-emotional strategies\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e[MOLDES]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eE1. Vital spontaneity\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47.88 (30.48)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e72.48 (24.90)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;5.101\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.020\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD1. Spontaneous reaction\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.64 (32.91)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69.98 (27.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.746\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.749\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eE2. Adjustment\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40.36 (29.28)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77.24 (26.03)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;6.895\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.379\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD2. Focus on the negative\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68.04 (31.34)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.04 (28.39)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.372\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD3. Denial of reality\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69.00 (28.39)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40.76 (24.89)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.904\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.181\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD4. Escape from reality\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e68.16 (29.55)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.00 (26.77)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.517\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.103\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD5. Self-defences\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64.60 (28.78)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.00 (23.27)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.422\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.084\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD6. External locus\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73.80 (26.57)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e59.52 (24.95)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.447\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.489\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.022*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD7. Effort and self-care\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e61.08 (33.56)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e81.24 (20.22)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-3.741\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.748\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eE3. Optimization\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.20 (31.40)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e85.88 (17.36)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;4.286\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD8. Focus on the positive\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49.52 (32.47)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84.40 (18.17)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-5.914\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.183\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD9. Cognitive and emotional anticipation\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47.96 (29.37)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e74.88 (25.52)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-4.286\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.857\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD10. Personal power\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.00 (25.17)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e82.40 (19.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-6.740\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.348\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"6\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNote\u003c/em\u003e. M\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Mean, SD\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Standard Deviation. \u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e z of Wilcoxon\u0026rsquo;s test value for self-esteem, focus on negative and optimization variables, Student\u0026rsquo;s t test value for the other variables. \u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e Cohen\u0026rsquo;s \u003cem\u003ed\u003c/em\u003e (1992) indicates the effect size: d\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;.2 (small), d\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;.5 (medium), d\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;.8 (large). \u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e Probability value: * \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;.05, ** \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;.01, *** \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;.001.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec14\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eComparison between the experimental and control groups\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results of the intergroup comparisons according to the experimental (EG) or control (CG) conditions are presented in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e. In self-compassion, both factors (SC-E and SC-A) were significantly greater in the EG (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001). The EG also obtained higher scores in the variable compassion, although the difference was statistically significant in the action factor (C-A, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.05). In relation to peace of mind and happiness, significantly higher means were also obtained in the EG. The effect size (Cohen, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1992\u003c/span\u003e) was large for both variables. However, both groups obtained similar scores for self-esteem (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;.05). With respect to the stress coping response, women in the experimental condition presented higher means than did those in the control group in the problem approach strategies (LA, PR, SG and PS). However, the difference was significant only for the positive reappraisal factor (PR, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt;. 01). With respect to problem avoidance strategies (CA, AR, SR and ER), the results revealed a significantly lower Resignation (R) factor score in the EG (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.05), although with a small effect size. With respect to the cognitive-emotional strategies, significantly higher means (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.05) were obtained in the EG in the three cognitive frames, namely, vital spontaneity, adjustment and optimization. In terms of the concrete dimensions, the EG obtained higher scores in the following positive cognitive-emotional dimensions: spontaneous reaction, effort and care focus on positive, cognitive-emotional anticipation and personal power. However, the dimensions of effort and care (D7) and cognitive-emotional anticipation (D9) did not significantly differ between the two contrast groups. Finally, the findings obtained showed a significant difference (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.01) in the following negative cognitive-emotional dimensions, with higher means in the EG: focus on the negative, denial of reality, escape from reality, self-defenses and external locus.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab5\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eBetween-group comparison outcomes for the experimental and control conditions (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;47).\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperimental (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;25)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eM (DE)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eControl \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e(n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;22)\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eM (DE)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistic \u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ed\u003c/em\u003e \u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"6\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelf-compassion (SC) [SCS]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF1. Engagement (SC-E)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e59.72 (7.81)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e48.96 (7.60)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83.000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.698\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF2. Action (SC-A)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41.28 (6.20)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.55 (9.77)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;4.555\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.332\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"6\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompassion (C) [COS]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF1. Engagement (C-E)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64.00 (9.46)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58.86 (11.80)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.656\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.484\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.105\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF2. Action (C-A)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42.32 (5.09)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37.77 (7.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;2.554\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.747\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.014*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeace of Mind (PM) [PoMS]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.52 (3.86)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.18 (4.72)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;5.062\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.480\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHappiness (H) [OHQ]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34.80 (4.02)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.36 (5.39)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49.000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.822\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelf-esteem (SE) [RSES]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.28 (4.14)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.41 (6.05)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e188.000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.316\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.064\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"6\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStress coping [CRI-A]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF1. Logical Analysis (LA)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54.44 (9.44)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.91 (8.69)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-0.952\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.278\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.346\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF2. Positive Re-evaluation (PR)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e59.20 (10.51)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49.86 (9.66)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-3.156\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.923\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.003**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF3. Search for Guidance and support (SG)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57.16 (10.45)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.96 (9.14)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.807\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.528\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.078\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF4. Problem Solving (PS)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57.28 (12.03)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.32 (10.35)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e184.500\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.329\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.054\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF5. Cognitive Avoidance (CA)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e48.36 (12.43)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.82 (9.01)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.767\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.224\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.447\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF6. Acceptance or Resignation (AR)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47.84 (8.43)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.73 (8.67)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e380.500\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.384\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.024*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF7. Seeking alternative Rewards (SR)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e56.32 (12.44)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.36 (10.02)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.791\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.524\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.080\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF8. Emotional Release (ER)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.48 (9.43)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.46 (7.97)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.770\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.225\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.446\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"6\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCognitive-emotional strategies\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e[MOLDES]\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eE1. Vital spontaneity\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e72.48 (24.90)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e44.82 (34.44)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e144.000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.476\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.005**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD1. Spontaneous reaction\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69.68 (27.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45.32 (32.82)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e152.500\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.445\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.009**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eE2. Adjustment\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77.24 (26.03)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47.73 (25.25)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e107.000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.611\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD2. Focus on the negative\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32.04 (28.39)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63.82 (31.40)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e441.500\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.604\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD3. Denial of reality\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40.76 (24.89)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e66.32 (20.98)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.777\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.104\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD4. Escape from reality\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36.00 (26.77)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60.36 (25.76)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e418.500\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.522\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.002**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD5. Self-defences\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.00 (23.27)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e63.50 (26.45)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e453.000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.647\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD6. External locus\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e59.52 (24.95)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80.14 (22.50)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e410.000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.491\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.004**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD7. Effort and self-care\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e81.24 (20.22)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70.27 (27.48)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e214.500\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.220\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.193\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eE3. Optimization\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e85.88 (17.36)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e59.86 (29.89)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e127.000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.538\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD8. Focus on the positive\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84.40 (18.17)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58.91 (31.52)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e143.000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.480\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.004**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD9. Cognitive and emotional anticipation\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e74.88 (25.52)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e65.32 (26.49)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e205.000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.255\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.134\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eD10. Personal power\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e82.40 (19.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55.00 (29.24)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e113.500\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.587\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.001***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"6\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNote\u003c/em\u003e. M\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Mean, SD\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Standard Deviation. \u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e Student\u0026rsquo;s t test values for SC-A, C-E, C-A, PM, LA, PR, SG, CA, SR, ER and Denial of reality; W Mann‒Whitney test values for the other variables. \u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e Cohen\u0026rsquo;s \u003cem\u003ed\u003c/em\u003e (1992) indicates the effect size: d\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;.2 (small), d\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;.5 (medium), d\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;.8 (large). \u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e Probability value: * \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;.05, ** \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;.01, *** \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;.001.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec15\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSelf-compassion and related factors\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results of Spearman's multiple correlation (see Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e) of the premeasure data revealed that the factor self-compassion engagement (SC-E) was directly and significantly correlated with the following variables: self-compassion-action (SC-A), happiness, self-esteem, positive reappraisal, problem solving, alternative reward seeking, adjustment and optimization. Inverse correlations were obtained with respect to behavioral avoidance and resignation. The self-compassion action factor (SC-A) presented significant and positive correlations with the following variables: H, SE, LA, PR, PS, VS, AD and OP. In addition, the factor compassion engagement to others (C-E) only or obtained a direct correlation with compassion-action (C-A), SR, AD and OP. However, the results showed that the compassion-action factor (C-A) did not present any significant correlation with the variables analysed.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab7\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMultiple Spearman\u0026rsquo;s correlations.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"18\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c13\" colnum=\"13\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c14\" colnum=\"14\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c15\" colnum=\"15\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c16\" colnum=\"16\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c17\" colnum=\"17\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c18\" colnum=\"18\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSC-E\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2. SC-A\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.700***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3. C-E\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.360\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.212\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4. C-A\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.361\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.208\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.526**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5. PM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.143\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.343\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.218\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.027\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6. H\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.585**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.595**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.130\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.102\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.391\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7. SE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.522**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.734***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.313\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.275\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.259\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.328\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8. LA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.133\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.436*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.083\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.084\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.163\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.187\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.216\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9. PR\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.521**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.640***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.384\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.221\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.232\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.581**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.515**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.494*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10. SG\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.394\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.265\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.211\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.056\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.078\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.140\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.060\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.501*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.381\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11. PS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.436*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.591**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.377\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.116\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.365\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.366\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.598**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.645***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.698***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.617***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12. CA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.407*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.092\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.178\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.061\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.036\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.047\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.114\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.308\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.005\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.213\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.140\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13. AR\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.549**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.288\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.155\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.125\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.023\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.393\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.130\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.116\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.086\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.186\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.046\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.436*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14. SR\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.462*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.380\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.400*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.227\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.209\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.080\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.285\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.609***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.534**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.664***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.607***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.039\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.004\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15. ER\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.245\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.066\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.162\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.003\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.081\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.344\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.028\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.425*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.021\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.191\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.094\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.455*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.405*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.280\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16. VS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.368\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.418*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.263\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.281\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.483*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.382\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.341\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.062\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.334\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.229\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.143\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.343\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.220\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.128\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.362\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17. AD\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.718***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.546**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.499*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.276\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.077\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.549**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.379\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.043\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.623***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.228\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.396*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.360\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.447*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.199\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.245\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.251\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18. OP\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.706***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.690***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.520**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.392\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.300\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.520**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.658***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.159\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.677***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.308\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.643***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c13\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.300\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c14\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.218\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c15\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.290\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c16\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.102\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c17\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.271\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c18\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.795***\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"18\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNote\u003c/em\u003e. SC-E\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Self-compassion \u0026ndash; Engagement, SC-A\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Self-compassion \u0026ndash; Action, C-E\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Compassion \u0026ndash; Engagement, C-A\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Compassion \u0026ndash; Action, PM\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Peace of Mind, H\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Happiness, SE\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Self-Esteem, LA\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Logical Analysis, PR\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Positive Re-evaluation, SG\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Search for Guidance and Support, PS\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Problem Solving, CA\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Cognitive Avoidance, AR\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Acceptance or Resignation, SR\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Seeking Alternative Rewards, ER\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Emotional Release, VS\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Vital Spontaneity, AD\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Adjustment, OP\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Optimization. * \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;.05, ** \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;.01, *** \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;.001.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe contributions of different predictors to self-compassion were analysed via hierarchical regression. The model obtained with both factors of self-compassion, engagement (SC-E) and action (SC-A), as dependent variables is presented in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab9\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e. When peace of mind was introduced in the first step of the analysis, it explained 13.0% of the variance in SC-E and 25.7% of that in SC-A. When the happiness variable was added to the equation, the variance explained was 13.5% and 29.3%, respectively. When self-esteem was added, the variances obtained were 13.5% and 31.7%, respectively. When stress coping factors (LA, PR, SG, PS, CA and R) were included, the variance increased considerably to 61.7% for self-compassion-engagement and 63.6% for self-compassion-action. All 9 predictors were found to be statistically significant for both dependent variables. This hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the values of both self-compassion factors (SC-E and SC-A) are significantly related to the values of the variables analysed.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSpecifically, for the connectedness factor (SC-E), when the other predictors are constant, the value of self-compassion-connectedness increases by .687 for each point increase in peace of mind, by .050 for each point increase in happiness, by .170 for each point increase in self-esteem, by 1.837 for each point increase in logical analysis, by .586 for each point increase in positive reappraisal, and by .306 for each point increase in seeking guidance and support. In contrast, the SC-E value decreases by 1.654 for each point increase in problem solving, by .633 for each point increase in cognitive avoidance, and by .867 for each point increase in resignation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn reference to the action factor (SC-A), the same steps were followed. When the other predictors were constant, the SC-A score increased by .649 for each point increase in PM, by .273 for each point increase in H, by .072 for each point increase in SE, by .857 for each point increase in LA, by .619 for each point increase in PR, by .267 for each point increase in SG, and by .022 for each point increase in CA. In contrast, SC-A decreased by .811 for each point increase in PS and by .725 for each point increase in R.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese results demonstrate that self-compassion is positively related to the variables peace of mind, happiness, self-esteem and positive stress coping strategies (LA, PR and SG). In addition, self-compassion was found to be negatively related to coping strategies, problem solving and resignation. However, different results were obtained between the two factors of self-compassion in terms of cognitive avoidance, as this was found to be negatively related to the engagement factor (SC-E) and positively related to the action factor (SC-A).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab9\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eHierarchical regression with the two factors of the self-compassion scale as the dependent variables.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"8\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVariables\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSE β\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eβ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003et\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eΔR\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"8\" nameend=\"c8\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSelf-Compassion \u0026ndash; Engagement (SC-E)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntercept\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35.151\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.789\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.09\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.054\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeace of Mind\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.687\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.394\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.340\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.101\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.130\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.450*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHappiness\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.050\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.407\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.026\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.903\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.005\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.725*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelf-Esteem\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.170\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.446\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.090\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.709\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.000\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.100*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLogical Analysis\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.837\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.632\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.730\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.91\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.011\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.160\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.096*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePositive Re-evaluation\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.586\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.814\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.277\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.483\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.008\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.653*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSearch for Guidance and support\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.306\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.425\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.142\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.482\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.396*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblem Solving\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.654\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.763\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.757\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-2.17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.047\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.066\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.508*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCognitive Avoidance\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.633\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.392\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.348\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.62\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.127\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.144\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.227*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eResignation\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.867\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.462\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.328\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.080\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.090\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.683*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"8\" nameend=\"c8\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSelf-Compassion \u0026ndash; Action (SC-A)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntercept\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.749\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.997\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.611\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePeace of Mind\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.649\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.305\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.405\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.050\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.257\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.967**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHappiness\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.273\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.315\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.177\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.399\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.036\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.563*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelf-Esteem\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.072\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.345\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.048\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.838\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.024\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.245*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLogical Analysis\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.857\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.489\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.429\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.160\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.552**\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePositive Re-evaluation\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.619\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.630\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.370\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.341\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.003\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.495*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSearch for Guidance and support\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.267\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.329\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.156\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.81\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.429\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.005\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.810*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblem Solving\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.811\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.591\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.468\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-1.37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.190\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.041\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.682*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCognitive Avoidance\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.022\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.303\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.015\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.07\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.943\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.010\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.298*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eResignation\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.725\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.357\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;.346\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-2.03\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.061\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e.100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.896*\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe primary objective of this research was to design and evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program on the basis of self-compassion and compassion.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe Being Method was designed with the aim of promoting both self-compassion and compassion, as well as other variables associated with both personal growth and psychological well-being. In this sense, the results of the pre-post comparison indicated that the psychotherapeutic intervention was effective in enhancing all the variables analysed: self-compassion, compassion, peace of mind, happiness, self-esteem, stress coping and cognitive-emotional strategies. These results align with several previous studies that have demonstrated that therapy focused on promoting self-compassion improves peace of mind (Neff \u0026amp; Germer, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e), happiness (Zessin et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR50\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e) and self-esteem [(Neff \u0026amp; Vonk, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e). Furthermore, the results of this research are consistent with those of numerous investigations that have shown that improving self-compassion leads to better stress coping (Allen \u0026amp; Leary, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e) and more adaptive cognitive-emotional strategies for interpreting reality (Diedrich et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditionally, the mean scores of the postmeasure were significantly different between the two comparison groups. The experimental group presented higher levels of self-compassion, compassion, peace of mind, and happiness, reinforcing the therapeutic efficacy of the Being Method. However, self-esteem levels were similar in both the experimental and control groups. This result may suggest that self-esteem remained stable during this intervention without showing improvement, although notably, the control group had a very high mean score. The between-group comparison of the postmeasure also revealed that the experimental group achieved significantly higher positive reappraisal scores than did the control group. Furthermore, resignation was significantly lower in the experimental group. These findings may indicate a tendency among individuals treated with the Being Method to reinterpret stressful situations more positively, focusing on the benefits, lessons, or insights gained from adverse experiences. This positive re-evaluation could facilitate acceptance of reality, allowing individuals to reduce their stress and enhance their emotional well-being instead of merely resigning themselves to adverse situations (Moos, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1993\u003c/span\u003e). Cognitive-emotional strategies also differed significantly between the two groups. Given that the intervention group scored higher in all three cognitive-emotional domains, it appears that the Being Method is effective in enhancing vital spontaneity, psychological adjustment, and overall optimization.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results identify factors related to (self)compassion. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that peace of mind, happiness, self-esteem, and positive stress coping strategies are significantly associated with self-compassion. These positive associations align with previous scientific literature (Allen \u0026amp; Leary, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e; Neff \u0026amp; Germer, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e; Neff \u0026amp; Vonk, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e; Zessin et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR50\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e). Thus, these findings suggest that these variables contribute to enhancing self-compassion.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA key aspect of the effectiveness of the Being Method lies in the extratherapeutic work, specifically the tasks performed between sessions. This notion is consistent with the work of Lyubomirsky (Lyubomirsky et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e), who proposed that the effectiveness of psychological interventions is linked to the establishment of habits throughout the process. Furthermore, the voluntary completion of tasks at home increases perceived self-happiness (Seligman et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e), which corresponds with the significant improvement in happiness observed in the intragroup comparison.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis research has several limitations as well as strengths. With respect to limitations, the sample size is not large enough to generalize the results to the adult female population. Additionally, the experimental group (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;25) was slightly larger than the control group (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;22). Because the groups were not fully balanced, the results of the intergroup comparisons may lack maximum statistical validity. Furthermore, all participants were women, which precluded sex comparisons in terms of therapeutic efficacy. All participants belonged to the upper-middle class, which detracts from the ideal of a heterogeneous group. The convenience sampling method used in this study may also limit the generalizability of the findings, as the motivation to participate in this psychotherapeutic program could influence the results. Finally, another potential limitation is the effect of extraneous variables, such as life changes during the implementation of the intervention, which may account for the observed therapeutic improvement, although no significant life changes were identified during the process.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOn the other hand, we believe that this research has several strengths. First, the evident positive effects of the Being Method on (self)compassion have been demonstrated. Second, the temporal conditions were kept identical for both contrast groups. Third, the sex variable was controlled for by matching to the female sex, which enhances the internal validity of the study and limits potential variability in results between men and women. Fourth, this novel intervention method has strong practical implications, as it significantly improves the population of women who are interested in personal growth. This improvement is directly related to the inherent abilities of individuals to pursue their potential development, encompassing both cognitive and behavioral components (Garc\u0026iacute;a Ramos et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e).We can assert that the Being Method may contribute positively as a psychoeducational strategy in the area of prevention, both in schools and in groups without evident psychopathology that are interested in personal growth.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFuture research could replicate this study with a clinical population sample to examine the therapeutic efficacy of the Being Method in cases of psychopathology. Additionally, this research could be conducted with a gender-balanced sample to analyse potential differences between men and women in (self)compassion and other variables of interest. In summary, the results obtained from this research provide empirical evidence for the efficacy of the Being Method as a psychotherapeutic intervention program centered on (self)compassion. The added value of this innovative psychotherapeutic technique presents a new approach to utilizing (self)compassion as a therapeutic tool. Thus, the Being Method enables individuals to recognize their own capacities and abilities, fostering personal growth and enhancing individual well-being through (self)compassion.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis research obtained ethical approval from the Ramon Llull University Ethical Committee (2122018D). All participants were informed about the aims and procedures of the study and provided written informed consent prior to participation, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and institutional ethical guidelines.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent for Publication\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable, as no personal or identifiable information of participants is included in the publication.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailability of data and material\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe data are not publicly available due to ethicalrestrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting Interests\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis project has been conducted without any funding or financial agreement.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthors Contributions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll the authors collaboratively conceived the present study in the following roles: conceptualization, MB, and JS; data collection, JS and MB; methodology, JG-M and MB; writing\u0026mdash;original draft preparation, MB, JM-S, JS and JG-M; and writing\u0026mdash;review and editing, MB, JM-S, and OH All the authors developed the structure of the manuscript and read and approved the final version of the article. All the authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe autors sincerely thank all the participants who made this study possible through their time and valuable contributions.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAllen, A. B., \u0026amp; Leary, M. R. (2010). Self-Compassion, Stress, and Coping. \u003cem\u003eSocial and Personality Psychology Compass\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e4\u003c/em\u003e(2), 107\u0026ndash;118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2009.00246.x\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAranha, A. M., Raj, L., \u0026amp; Premanand, V. (2019). 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Interpsiquis\u003c/em\u003e, 1\u0026ndash;7.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZessin, U., Dickh\u0026auml;user, O., \u0026amp; Garbade, S. (2015). The Relationship Between Self-Compassion and Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis. \u003cem\u003eApplied Psychology: Health and Well-Being\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e7\u003c/em\u003e(3), 340\u0026ndash;364. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12051\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Being method, self-compassion, compassion, effectiveness, emotional management, intervention programme, personal growth","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6457334/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6457334/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eA growing body of research has demonstrated how cultivating a compassionate mind can help alleviate and prevent a variety of psychological problems. Since the beginning of the 21st century, there has been a boom in third-generation therapies based on compassion. This study proposes a new method, the Being Method, whose central focus revolves around self-compasion and compassion. The Being Method was influenced by Buddhist philosophy and contemporary psychology, which were based mainly on Western rationalist currents.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe objective of this research was to analyse the effectiveness of this method in fostering emotional changes by focusing on concerns through the lenses of self-compassion and compassion. The sample consisted of 47 women between 18 and 53 years old (M\u003csub\u003eage\u003c/sub\u003e=36.02; SD\u003csub\u003eage\u003c/sub\u003e= 11.86) who were interested in personal growth. The following measuring instruments were administered: the Peace of Mind Scale (PoM), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES; Rosenberg, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1965\u003c/span\u003e), the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), the Self-Compassionate and Compassionate Action and Engagement Scale (CAES), the Coping Response Inventory for Adults (CRI-A) and the Cognitive‒Behavioral Strategies Evaluation Scale (MOLDES). The research followed a repeated measures cross-sectional design and an experimental methodology. Longitudinal analysis was also carried out through a pre-post program comparison. The obtained outcomes revealed significant differences (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05) before and after therapy in terms of the variables peace of mind, self-esteem, happiness, self-compassion (A-B), compassion (A-B), several mental molds, and several coping strategies. Additionally, between-group (experimental and control groups) comparisons revealed significantly greater means in the experimental group than in the control group. Thus, these outcomes highlighted the effectiveness of the therapy in improving all the analysed dimensions. The social, clinical and research implications are discussed.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"The Being Method: a new intervention program for distress emotional management through self-compassion and compassion","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-06-13 07:05:13","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6457334/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"ffaa0112-062e-40e3-9863-4451d2d9e628","owner":[],"postedDate":"June 13th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-08-27T07:24:05+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-06-13 07:05:13","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6457334","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6457334","identity":"rs-6457334","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}