Determinants of Neonatal Mortality among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Care Unit at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Determinants of Neonatal Mortality among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Care Unit at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Determinants of Neonatal Mortality among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Care Unit at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Mintesnot Hawaze, Zelalem Tadesse, Esubalew Tesfahun, Girma Bekele, and 4 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5105527/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background : Neonatal mortality is a critical indicator of a nation's health and economic well-being. Globally, 2.3 million newborns died in the first month of life in 2022, and approximately 6,300 neonatal deaths occur every day. Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest neonatal mortality rate, with 27 deaths per 1,000 live births. Ethiopia remains among the countries with the highest neonatal mortality rates and seems impossible to meet the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target of ≤12 deaths per 1,000 live births by 2030. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the current determinant factors of neonatal mortality for targeted intervention. The study aimed to identify the determinants of neonatal mortality among newborns admitted to the neonatal care unit of St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods : A retrospective unmatched case-control study was conducted on neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College from January 2020 to December 2022. A total of 324 (108 cases and 216 controls) were randomly selected. Data were collected using a pretested data extraction checklist. Multi-variable logistic regression was applied to identify significant determinants of neonatal mortality, with AOR at 95% C and P < 0.05 used to declare statistical significance. Results : The median age of mothers and neonates was 26.9 years and 7 days, respectively . Based on a multivariable model, pregnancy-induced hypertension (AOR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.61-3.90), lack of ANC visit (AOR: 12; 95% CI: 4.23-15.8), low birth weight (AOR: 11.7; 95% CI: 5.6-25.6), prematurity (AOR: 4.2; 95% CI: 1.4-12.6), fetal malpresentation (AOR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.05-2.6), and home delivery (AOR: 8.0; 95% CI: 4.2-19.4) were significant determinants of neonatal mortality. Conclusion : This study highlights lack of ANC follow-up, home delivery, pregnancy-induced hypertension, low birth weight, prematurity, and fetal malpresentation as significant determinants of neonatal mortality. Therefore, a special targeted attention should be given to ANC follow-up and subsequent institutional delivery and focused newborn care to address the complications related to preterm and low birth weight. Neonates Neonatal mortality Neonatal intensive care unit Determinants Ethiopia Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files AdditionalFile1.xlsx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5105527","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":603375005,"identity":"1f071647-3e43-4ae6-a954-653f3c72c016","order_by":0,"name":"Mintesnot Hawaze","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ethiopian Public Health Institute","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mintesnot","middleName":"","lastName":"Hawaze","suffix":""},{"id":603375006,"identity":"d8470006-7fe3-4964-b9e2-e40370956d7f","order_by":1,"name":"Zelalem 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Ethiopia","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Neonates, Neonatal mortality, Neonatal intensive care unit, Determinants, Ethiopia","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5105527/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5105527/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground\u003c/strong\u003e: Neonatal mortality is a critical indicator of a nation's health and economic well-being. Globally, 2.3 million newborns died in the first month of life in 2022, and approximately 6,300 neonatal deaths occur every day. Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest neonatal mortality rate, with 27 deaths per 1,000 live births. Ethiopia remains among the countries with the highest neonatal mortality rates and seems impossible to meet the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target of ≤12 deaths per 1,000 live births by 2030. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the current determinant factors of neonatal mortality for targeted intervention. The study aimed to identify the determinants of neonatal mortality among newborns admitted to the neonatal care unit of St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods\u003c/strong\u003e: A retrospective unmatched case-control study was conducted on neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College from January 2020 to December 2022. A total of 324 (108 cases and 216 controls) were randomly selected. Data were collected using a pretested data extraction checklist. Multi-variable logistic regression was applied to identify significant determinants of neonatal mortality, with AOR at 95% C and P \u0026lt; 0.05 used to declare statistical significance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults\u003c/strong\u003e: The median age of mothers and neonates was 26.9 years and 7 days, respectively\u003cstrong\u003e.\u003c/strong\u003e Based on a multivariable model, pregnancy-induced hypertension (AOR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.61-3.90), lack of ANC visit (AOR: 12; 95% CI: 4.23-15.8), low birth weight (AOR: 11.7; 95% CI: 5.6-25.6), prematurity (AOR: 4.2; 95% CI: 1.4-12.6), fetal malpresentation (AOR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.05-2.6), and home delivery (AOR: 8.0; 95% CI: 4.2-19.4) were significant determinants of neonatal mortality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion\u003c/strong\u003e: This study highlights lack of ANC follow-up, home delivery, pregnancy-induced hypertension, low birth weight, prematurity, and fetal malpresentation as significant determinants of neonatal mortality. Therefore, a special targeted attention should be given to ANC follow-up and subsequent institutional delivery and focused newborn care to address the complications related to preterm and low birth weight.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Determinants of Neonatal Mortality among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Care Unit at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-03-12 07:42:42","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5105527/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"b8a603eb-2f5c-4913-9244-8f4c45701445","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 12th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-03-12T07:42:42+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-03-12 07:42:42","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-5105527","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-5105527","identity":"rs-5105527","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}