Examining the role of biomass energy for sustainable environment in African countries

Examining the role of biomass energy for sustainable environment in African countries | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Examining the role of biomass energy for sustainable environment in African countries Jimoh Olajide Raji, Rana Muhammad Adeel-Farooq, Ghulam Muhammad Qamri This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1723447/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Purpose- This paper investigates the influences of biomass energy use, fossil fuel, income, trade openness, and population growth on carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) emission in African countries over the 1980–2014 period. Design/methodology/approach- The study employs pool mean group (PMG), mean group (MG), and dynamic fixed effect (DFE) estimators that resolve the issue of heterogeneity bias. In addition, it employs weighted fully modified ordinary least squares, and weighted dynamic ordinary least squares to validate the robustness of PMG, MG, and DFE estimates. Findings- The results from each of these estimators complement one another and both suggest that the relation of fossil fuel use and population growth with CO 2 emission is positively significant. Conversely, we find that trade openness and biomass energy use exert significant negative impact on carbon emission. Additionally, the dampening effect of biomass energy utilization on CO 2 emission helps to validate Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for those countries. Originality/value- The role of biomass in determining environmental quality has been investigated by studies for a few developed economies and developing countries without reaching consensus in terms of their findings. As indicated by the literature, such study is wanting in African countries, and this motivates the present study. More so, with focus on the role of biomass in CO 2 emission, this study first considers sixteen countries from all the regions on the African continent. The findings of this study will assist policy makers in making useful environmental and sustainable energy policy that can be embraced as regional policy. CO2 emissions Biomass Fossil fuel trade openness GDP per capita Africa Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 01 Aug, 2022 Reviewers invited by journal 31 Jul, 2022 Editor invited by journal 26 Jul, 2022 Editor assigned by journal 14 Jun, 2022 First submitted to journal 03 Jun, 2022 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-1723447","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":125374261,"identity":"3c56882c-8798-4c1d-bc7c-e21efd3a11fc","order_by":0,"name":"Jimoh Olajide Raji","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universiti Utara Malaysia","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jimoh","middleName":"Olajide","lastName":"Raji","suffix":""},{"id":125374262,"identity":"0d1cba8a-6a52-430f-86d0-7157971930fa","order_by":1,"name":"Rana Muhammad Adeel-Farooq","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA+UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFCCBAaGBxUgBg/DAQYGC4gIiIlXS8IZuBYJIrUktkG0MBClhb89+eCDxHmH5eTbzx48zFMjwcDPnmPAXHAGtxaJM8+SDRK3HTY2OJOXcJjnmASDZM8bA+YZN/C460aOmQRQS+IGhhyDwzlsEgwGN4C28HzArUP+Rv73H4lzDifO738D1PJPgsGekBagmWwMiQ2HExuAKg/ntgFtkQBpweMwwzPPjCUSjqUbG9wA2vK3T4IH6LuCwzPweF/uePLDDx9qrOXk+3OMP874ZiMHDMONjwuO4fE+OgDHzmESNEABM+laRsEoGAWjYBgDAC3HWFkcRc9oAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6132-8358","institution":"University of Sahiwal","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Rana","middleName":"Muhammad","lastName":"Adeel-Farooq","suffix":""},{"id":125374263,"identity":"b991eb45-3b3d-45b1-8d82-8eb2a3b5c37b","order_by":2,"name":"Ghulam Muhammad Qamri","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nankai University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ghulam","middleName":"Muhammad","lastName":"Qamri","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2022-06-03 16:39:11","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1723447/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1723447/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":24790714,"identity":"7fa19d84-84f2-458a-b883-8002681f639c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2022-08-04 16:49:20","extension":"pdf","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":434436,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1723447/v1_covered.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Examining the role of biomass energy for sustainable environment in African countries","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"This preprint is available for \u003ca href='/article/rs-1723447/latest.pdf' target='_blank'\u003edownload as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e."}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"environmental-science-and-pollution-research","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"espr","sideBox":"Learn more about [Environmental Science and Pollution Research](https://www.springer.com/journal/11356)","snPcode":"11356","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11356/3","title":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"CO2 emissions, Biomass, Fossil fuel, trade openness, GDP per capita, Africa","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1723447/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1723447/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003ePurpose-\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis paper investigates the influences of biomass energy use, fossil fuel, income, trade openness, and population growth on carbon dioxide (C0\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e) emission in African countries over the 1980\u0026ndash;2014 period.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eDesign/methodology/approach-\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study employs pool mean group (PMG), mean group (MG), and dynamic fixed effect (DFE) estimators that resolve the issue of heterogeneity bias. In addition, it employs weighted fully modified ordinary least squares, and weighted dynamic ordinary least squares to validate the robustness of PMG, MG, and DFE estimates.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eFindings-\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results from each of these estimators complement one another and both suggest that the relation of fossil fuel use and population growth with CO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e emission is positively significant. Conversely, we find that trade openness and biomass energy use exert significant negative impact on carbon emission. Additionally, the dampening effect of biomass energy utilization on CO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e emission helps to validate Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for those countries.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eOriginality/value-\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe role of biomass in determining environmental quality has been investigated by studies for a few developed economies and developing countries without reaching consensus in terms of their findings. As indicated by the literature, such study is wanting in African countries, and this motivates the present study. More so, with focus on the role of biomass in CO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e emission, this study first considers sixteen countries from all the regions on the African continent. The findings of this study will assist policy makers in making useful environmental and sustainable energy policy that can be embraced as regional policy.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Examining the role of biomass energy for sustainable environment in African countries","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2022-08-04 16:49:13","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1723447/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2022-08-01T13:07:48+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2022-08-01T03:59:55+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","date":"2022-07-26T15:49:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2022-06-14T05:47:14+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","date":"2022-06-03T12:37:44+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"environmental-science-and-pollution-research","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"espr","sideBox":"Learn more about [Environmental Science and Pollution Research](https://www.springer.com/journal/11356)","snPcode":"11356","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11356/3","title":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"8e403ff1-2eac-4257-813b-0c8276b272c5","owner":[],"postedDate":"August 4th, 2022","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2022-08-04T16:49:13+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2022-08-04 16:49:13","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-1723447","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-1723447","identity":"rs-1723447","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"_2-kVJe1T_tPrBINL-cwx","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}