Impact of road corridors on soil properties and plant communities in high-elevation fragile ecosystems

Abstract Road construction constitutes a significant disruption to natural ecosystems. Globally, high-elevation regions are among the most fragile and sensitive ecosystems, while systematic information regarding the impact of road construction on soil properties and plant communities in these regions remains scarce. In this study, paired plots were established along the road route from Yunnan Province to Tibet Autonomous Region in Southwest China, with elevation ranging from 2,400 m to 4,900 m. Results revealed the restoration of soil properties post-disturbance had been a multifaceted and long-term progress. Specifically, disturbed plots exhibited a significant increase in soil pH, while soil moisture, TC, TN, TP, NH4-N, and AK suffered substantial loss. Moreover, the strong recovery ability of shrub and herbaceous species was observed in our study, while tree communities were difficult to revert to their original state. Furthermore, the influence of elevation on vegetation restoration also varied depending on plant life forms. In light of these findings, appropriate strategies were proposed to mitigate the negative impacts and promote the ecosystem recovery after road construction in these ecologically fragile regions.