Hyponatremia and hypophysitis induced by ipilimumab and nivolumab in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma: a case report

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the prognosis of patients with advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). As the use of checkpoint inhibitors increases in a variety of malignancies, immune-related adverse effects will become more common. Case report: Here, we present a case of a 64-year-old man with advanced stage lung SCC who developed hyponatremia and hypophysitis after treatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab. The patient underwent effective treatment with steroids, hyperosmolar therapy, and fluid restriction. Conclusion: This case highlights the potentially life-threatening complications of ICIs, and it shows that early recognition and complete evaluation are critical in clinical practice.