Energy Harvesting System Design and Optimization Using High Bandwidth Rectenna for CUBESAT used in Asteroid Detection

Abstract The aim of this paper is to structure a compact size rectenna for cubeSat applications for asteroid detection. The scale of the antenna is to kept as small as possible 18 X 10 mm. The antenna designed here is probably going to own its applications in satellite communication system. The antenna designed in this project is structured in such a way that it is covering a good wide range of frequency from X-band to K-band.The aim of this paper is to design a cubesat rectenna which will not only make cubesat cost effective but also lighter weight with RF to DC power conversion which will reduce use of solar panels, solar cells or solar array. At first antenna is designed in HFSS keeping its size in mind and simulated than rectifier is designed in MATLAB Simulink and antenna is interfaced with it for conversion process. Rectenna design converts 2.85963102361 watt power to 14.62 watt power for 9 GHz and 3.19124391714 watts to 16.48 watts using a voltage multiplier circuit. Also, two way transmissions by antenna is shown uplink frequency of 18.6 GHz-18.8GHz and downlink frequency of 8.45GHz-8.5GHz.The antenna shown RF output power of 2.85963102361 Watts and in terms of dBW it is 4.5631dBW at 9 GHz and of 3.19124391714 watts and in terms of dBW it is 5.0396dBW at 19 GHz.Return loss for satellite must be less than − 10dB and in this designed this objective is also achieved. DC power in the range of 5–20 Watt is required for desired cubesat mission and as mentioned it generates power of 14.62 watts and 16.48 watts.The main aim of this rectenna is to create a cubesat system suitable for planet defense from asteroid. In this work various parameters like Return loss, Gain, Radiation pattern, rectifier design and dc power generated are also discussed.