Beyond Disability Scores: The Provocative Truth of Psychosocial Resilience in Battling MS Quality of Life in Western Greece

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that causes progressive disability and psychosocial burden. Understanding how MS affects patients’ quality of life (QoL) is essential for developing patient-centered rehabilitation and psychosocial support interventions. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among adults diagnosed with MS residing in Western Greece. Data were collected using the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQOL-54) questionnaire. Demographic and clinical variables (age, gender, disease duration, and functional status) were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with QoL domains. Additionally, a systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines was integrated to contextualize findings within the broader evidence base on MS-related QoL. Results: The study included 128 participants (72% female, mean age 39.8 ± 9.4 years). Overall QoL scores indicated moderate impairment (mean composite physical score = 53.6; mental health = 57.4). Fatigue, pain, and depressive symptoms were strongly correlated with lower QoL (p < 0.001). Longer disease duration and higher disability (EDSS ≥ 4) predicted poorer physical functioning. Conversely, higher perceived social and family support predicted better psychological adaptation and higher mental health scores (β = 0.42, p < 0.01). The PRISMA review synthesized 45 studies, confirming disability, fatigue, and depression as universal risk factors, while social support and resilience-building interventions emerged as protective elements. Conclusion: MS substantially impacts both physical and psychosocial dimensions of life. The findings emphasize the importance of integrated care models that combine medical treatment with psychosocial and rehabilitation programs focusing on resilience, coping, and social support. Early interventions may mitigate QoL deterioration and promote holistic well-being. Regional disparities in Western Greece highlight the need for tailored, accessible services.