Stability of Implants Supported By Three Types of Bone Grafting Materials in Dogs

Abstract Background: This study was conducted to assess the stability of implants placed in a simultaneous procedure with different grafting materials (autogenous, xenogenous, and synthetic) in experimentally induced bone defects in dogs.Methods: Thirteen dogs were included and divided into three groups according to the time of sacrificing. Oversized osteotomies were prepared in the sternum, and the implants were placed in bone defects. A total of 3 to 5 implants were placed per animal. Each group of animals contained 3 subgroups according to the grafting material utilized. In subgroup 1, autograft was applied, whereas in subgroups 2 and 3, bovine bone mineral (Cerabone) and a synthetic calcium phosphate substitute (Osteon II) were employed. At the end of the specified healing periods (2 months, 4 months, or 6 months), the animals were sacrificed and the implant stability was determined through measuring the resonance frequency.Results: Forty-five integrated implants were obtained from this study and nine were lost (failure rate 17%). The two-way analysis of variance revealed no significant difference in ISQ measurements either between the bone graft materials (autogenous, xenogenous, and synthetic; P=0.950) or between the healing intervals (2 months, 4 months, and 6 months; P=0.769)Conclusions: The stability of implants augmented with autogenous, xenogenous (Cerabone) or synthetic (Osteon II) graft materials was comparable at 2, 4 and 6 months after placement. This indicates that both Cerabone and Osteon II could be considered as suitable substitutes for regeneration of bone defects to overcome the limitations of autografts.