Effects of a mixture of Iranian native probiotics on kidney oxidative injuries induced by cadmium chloride: A biochemical, anti-inflammatory, Antioxidative and antiapoptosis approach

Introduction: Cadmium(Cd)tends to produce severe oxidative stress triggering serious clinical problems and tissues damage.The purpose of the current investigation was to study the efficacy of native Iranian probioticsin protection against Cd-induced kidney damages at histopathological and biochemical levels. Material: and Methods: Twenty-one adult male Wistar rats were randomized into three groups of seven rats(control,receivingCd(3mg/kg) and Cd+mix probiotics(Cd+Pro) for 30 days).Histological changes were assessed using H&E,Trichrome Masson, and PAS staining, and qRT-PCR was used for evaluating apoptotic,and pro-inflammatory genes expression levels. Serum biochemical parameters and tissue antioxidant status were also evaluated. Result: The histopathological results revealed that the probiotic strains recovered the tissue damage caused by Cd in kidneys.The results of qRT-PCR showed the up-regulation of Bax,p53,caspase3 and down-regulation of Bcl2,TNF-α,and IL-6 gene expressions in the kidneys of Cd+mix Pro treated rats compared with Cd-treated animals.Also,Cd+Pro treated rats displayed a reduction in MDA,high levels of SOD,catalase activities,reduced serum contents of Na + ,Creatinine, urea, finally higher levels of K + and total protein compared toCd-treated animals. Conclusion: Iranian native probiotics exhibited antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic functions it is suggested to use them in pharmaceutical studies to further investigate their health benefits.