Analysis of the Change of Productive Matrix of Fossil Fuels by Biofuel in Ecuador

Abstract The search for energy for humanity’s various activities led to the discovery of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Today, fossil fuels provide 85% of the energy used worldwide. The use of fossil fuels causes environmental damage that has become more noticeable in recent decades. For this purpose, information is compiled through a bibliographic review of reliable sources such as Springer, Scielo, and other documentary sources, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of a change in the productive matrix from fossil fuels to biofuels in Latin America. It is concluded that a significant investment must be made to make a difference in the abundant matrix; however, there is a great variety of raw materials in the Latin American area to obtain biofuels, and the necessary technology to process them is not available.