tBID-Mediated Apoptosis in the Cumulus–Oocyte Complex of Endometriosis: Protective Role of Nanocurcumin

Muhammad Y.A Widyanugraha, Hendy Hendarto, Widjiati Widjiati
In: Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research · 2026 · vol. 10(3) · doi:10.26538/tjnpr/v10i3.32 · W7149495436
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Nanocurcumin treatment significantly reduced tBID expression in the cumulus-oocyte complex of an endometriosis model, suggesting an attenuation of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-07, 2026-07-09 · read from full text ⓘ

This paper investigated whether nanocurcumin alters truncated BID (tBID) expression in granulosa cells within the cumulus–oocyte complex in an experimental mouse model of endometriosis. Thirty-one female Mus musculus were randomized to a control group or three oral nanocurcumin doses (2.5, 5, or 10 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days, after which ovarian tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and semi-quantified using an Immunoreactive Score. Nanocurcumin significantly reduced tBID expression versus control (p < 0.05), with the lowest tBID levels in the highest-dose group, and the reduction was dose-dependent, supporting attenuation of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathways. A key limitation is that the study measured tBID expression in granulosa cells without providing direct functional outcomes on oocyte quality. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it evaluates nanocurcumin’s effect on tBID-mediated apoptosis in the cumulus–oocyte complex of an endometriosis model.

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Abstract

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disorder characterized by ectopic endometrial growth, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction within the cumulus–oocyte complex (COC), leading to impaired oocyte competence. Truncated BID (tBID) plays a central role in linking extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, and its dysregulation contributes to mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in endometriosis. Curcumin possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties; however, its limited bioavailability may be enhanced through nanoparticle formulation as nanocurcumin. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nanocurcumin on tBID expression in an experimental endometriosis model. Thirty-one female Mus musculus were randomly assigned into four groups: positive control (C+) and three treatment groups receiving oral nanocurcumin at 2.5 mg/kgBW (T1), 5 mg/kgBW (T2), and 10 mg/kgBW (T3) for 14 days. Ovarian tissues were collected, and tBID expression in granulosa cells was assessed by immunohistochemistry and semi-quantified using the Immunoreactive Score (IRS). All animals developed endometriosis features. Nanocurcumin treatment significantly reduced tBID expression compared with the control group (p < 0.05), with the lowest expression observed in T3 (IRS 1.57 ± 0.26). Post hoc analysis demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction, with T3 differing significantly from T1 and the control. These findings indicate that nanocurcumin downregulates tBID expression, suggesting attenuation of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and potential preservation of oocyte quality in endometriosis. This study supports the therapeutic potential of nanocurcumin as a non-hormonal adjuvant for endometriosis, in line with Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being), particularly in addressing reproductive health challenges in women.   Keywords: Endometriosis, Nanocurcumin, Truncated BID, Cumulus–Oocyte Complex, Good Health and Well-being.
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Keywords

Endometriosis, Nanocurcumin, Truncated BID, Cumulus–Oocyte Complex, Good Health and Well-being. Downloads

References

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