Association between Oral Contraceptive Usage and Symptoms of General Anxiety Disorder in Korean Women

Association between Oral Contraceptive Usage and Symptoms of General Anxiety Disorder in Korean Women | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Association between Oral Contraceptive Usage and Symptoms of General Anxiety Disorder in Korean Women Sorah Park, Eun-Cheol Park This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6195837/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background Oral contraceptives are widely used by women for reproductive and non-reproductive purposes, such as regulating menstrual cycles and managing mood. However, the mental health side effects, particularly related to anxiety and mood disorders, remain poorly understood and often underreported. Previous research has shown inconsistent findings regarding the association between oral contraceptive use and mental health symptoms, including anxiety. Despite their widespread use, the impact of oral contraceptives on anxiety is not well-documented, and gaps in health education contribute to continued use despite potential side effects. Given that anxiety disorders disproportionately affect women, this study aims to explore the correlation between oral contraceptive use and anxiety symptoms in South Korea, addressing a critical gap in research and informing healthcare decisions for women globally. Methods This study used data from 2021 and 2022 of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Focusing on female respondents aged 18 and older, the final analysis included 5,686 women. Symptoms of anxiety were measured using the GAD-7 Scale. The main independent variable was oral contraceptive use for longer than one month. A multiple regression model assessed the association between contraceptive usage and anxiety symptoms, presenting results as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and a significance threshold of p < 0.05. All analyses were conducted using SAS version 9.4. Results Analysis of survey data from 5,686 women revealed that 943 women who had used oral contraceptives for over a month were more likely to report significant anxiety symptoms (7.6%) compared to those who did not use oral contraceptives (5.7%). Logistic regression showed that women using oral contraceptives for longer than a month had 1.45 times higher odds (95% CI 1.04–2.03) of experiencing significant anxiety symptoms. Subgroup analysis indicated that women with higher stress levels, those who were unemployed, and physically inactive women had greater odds of developing anxiety symptoms (aOR 1.50, 1.71, and 1.47, respectively). Multiple regression revealed that the odds of developing greater severity levels of anxiety were higher in women using oral contraceptives, though the results for severity levels of anxiety were not statistically significant. Conclusion This study found that prolonged oral contraceptive use is associated with higher odds of anxiety symptoms in South Korean women, especially among those with higher stress, unemployment, and physical inactivity. Although the severity of anxiety did not reach statistical significance, the findings highlight the need for further research on the mental health effects of oral contraceptives and the importance of providing women with detailed information on potential side effects. Introduction Mental side effects of medication have gained increased attention in public health due to their impact on quality of life, medication safety, and patient care—especially following the global COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on mental health (Inchausti et al., 2020 ; Prince et al., 2007 ). Oral contraceptives, commonly known as birth control pills, are used by more than 150 million adolescent and adult women worldwide (Sharma et al., 2020 ). Research has suggested a potential link between oral contraceptive use and the development of mental health symptoms (Kraft et al., 2024 ). Many women start using oral contraceptives during puberty or adolescence for reproductive purposes, as well as for non-reproductive reasons such as regulating their menstrual cycle, managing mood, and improving skin conditions like acne (Arowojolu et al., 2012 ; Sharma et al., 2020 ). Oral contraceptives can be broadly classified into three categories: combined estrogen-progesterone pills, progesterone-only pills, and continuous or extended-use pills (Cooper & Patel, 2017 ). Despite their widespread use, the negative side effects of oral contraceptives are not fully understood, are often underreported, and can be controversial due to their variability based on the individual, the type of oral contraceptive used, and personal health histories (Robinson et al., 2004 ). Some negative side effects are also reported to decrease or diminish with continued use of contraceptives (Barr, 2010 ). Further, discourse on usage of oral contraceptives and their side effects, along with health education for women, is lacking (Hall, Westhoff, et al., 2013; Toffol et al., 2011 ). The lack of knowledge about oral contraceptives is associated with continued use, which may exacerbate side effects for many women (Stidham et al., 2014). Out of the multiple potential side effects of oral contraception usage, previously reported side effects commonly but not definitively include acne, amenorrhea, breakthrough bleeding, breast tenderness, decreased libido, depression, headache, heavy menses, hirsutism, increased vaginal discharge, irregular menses, nausea, oily skin, and weight gain (Barr, 2010 ; Hee et al., 2013 ). More severe side effects even include greater risk of cancer diagnosis, including increased risk of breast or ovarian cancer (Hannaford et al., 2007 ; Hunter et al., 2010 ; Sihvo et al., 1998 ; Vessey & Yeates, 2013 ). Previous studies have also associated greater heterosocial anxiety and psychological stress with decreased contraceptive usage and therefore less effective contraceptive methods (Bruch & Hynes, 1987 ; Hall, Moreau, et al., 2013 ). Although heterosocial anxiety and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) are distinct conditions, they share similar symptoms, including fear and anxiety, and are often comorbid with other disorders such as depression and eating disorders (Craske et al., 2011 ; Cuming & Rapee, 2010 ; Drzewiecki & Fox, 2024 ). These connections between symptoms and disorders suggest that oral contraceptive use could also be associated with symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Anxiety disorders, which affect millions of people globally, have varying presentations and diagnoses and significantly impact quality of life and behavior (Drzewiecki & Fox, 2024 ; Heimberg et al., 1992 ). Women notably experience greater rates of anxiety disorders, along with greater severity in symptoms – even affecting lifespan (Hantsoo & Epperson, 2017 ). Given that symptoms of anxiety can be considered a severe consequence of oral contraceptives, past studies on the association between oral contraceptives and symptoms of anxiety are lacking in number and have had conflicting results (Cinar et al., 2012 ; Farr et al., 2011 ; Hall et al., 2015 ). Knowledge on oral contraceptives and their potential side effects can also effect usage of oral contraceptives (Hall, Westhoff, et al., 2013). Considering the importance of understanding anxiety and contraceptive use in larger female populations, as well as the conflicting results from previous studies, this research aims to explore the relationship between anxiety symptoms and oral contraceptive use among women in South Korea. Materials and Methods Data This study used annual data from 2021 and 2022 data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, KNHANES is a national surveillance system that has been used to assess the health and nutritional status of Koreans. The survey is based on the National Health Promotion Act, and is a nationally representative cross-sectional survey that includes around 10,000 individuals each year as a survey sample – collecting information on socioeconomic status, health-related behaviors, quality of life, healthcare status and utilization, profiles for disease, and dietary intake (Kweon et al., 2014 ). Participants/Study Population The total number of female participants from 2021 and 2022 from the KNHANES was 5,686. Only women aged 18 years and above were included in the analysis. Women with missing responses for each survey item were excluded from the data, which left 5,686 total women in the final analysis. Variables The dependent variable, general anxiety symptoms, was categorized by levels of severity. These categories were based on the GAD-7 scale. The GAD-7 Scale is a 7-iitem anxiety scale that has been proven to be a reliable and valid source to assess symptoms of anxiety (Spitzer et al., 2006 ). The scale is split into four levels of severity, including scores 0–4 for minimal anxiety, 5–9 for mild anxiety, 10–14 for moderate anxiety, and 15–21 for severe anxiety. GAD-7 scores of 10 of greater is often used as a reasonable cutoff in association with patients with GAD, while scores less than 10 are generally associated with patients without GAD (Spitzer et al., 2006 ). The primary independent variable of interest was usage of oral contraceptives for longer than one month. The question in the KNHANES asked women if they had used any type of oral contraceptive pill for longer than one month. Respondents were able to respond with a “yes” or “no” answer (Kweon et al., 2014 ). The direct translation for this question translates specifically to “usage of birth control pill,” implying usage of oral contraceptives primarily for birth control. Covariates included various sociodemographic factors such as marriage status, pregnancy experience, age, income, perceived stress levels, education level, health insurance status, personal health perception, employment status, category of employment (if employed), and physical activity. Statistical Analyses Statistical analysis of the KNHANES survey data was conducted using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Inc., Cary, NC, USA). A multiple logistic regression model was employed to explore the relationship between oral contraceptive use and anxiety symptoms. Anxiety symptoms were categorized into two groups: "No" (absence of anxiety symptoms) and "Yes" (presence of anxiety symptoms). Statistical significance was assessed using a p-value threshold of < 0.05, with results presented as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). An aOR of 1.00 was interpreted as indicating no effect. A multiple regression model was also used to examine the effects of oral contraceptive usage on severity of anxiety symptoms divided by mild, moderate, and severe symptoms. Results Table 1 shows the data from 5,686 women included in the multiple logistic regression analysis, categorized by marriage status, pregnancy history, age, and other independent variables. Of the total responses, 4,743 women reported not using oral contraceptives for more than a month, while 943 women reported using them for over a month. Among the women who did not use oral contraceptives, 94.3% exhibited minimal or no depressive symptoms, and 5.7% reported significant anxiety symptoms. In contrast, of the women who used oral contraceptives for more than a month, 92.4% had minimal or no anxiety symptoms, while 7.6% reported significant anxiety symptoms. Table 2 presents the odds ratios for the relationship between oral contraceptive use and depressive symptoms, along with other relevant factors. The results indicate that women who used oral contraceptives for longer than a month had a higher likelihood of experiencing significant anxiety symptoms, with an odds ratio for anxiety symptoms of 1.45 (95% CI 1.04–2.03). Marriage and pregnancy status did not show any statistical significance in relation to higher GAD-7 scores . Table 3 summarizes the results of subgroup analyses based on oral contraceptive use. Statistically significant associations with odds ratios greater than 1.00 were observed for women who used oral contraceptives for over a month and had higher stress levels (aOR 1.50, 95% CI 1.07–2.11), were unemployed (aOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.07–2.74), or were physically inactive (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.02–2.10). Table 4 presents the outcomes of a multiple regression analysis that examined the connection between oral contraceptive use and anxiety symptoms using the GAD-7 scale. The analysis found that women who used oral contraceptives for a month or longer generally had increased odds of anxiety. However, the severity of anxiety symptoms did not reach statistical significance. Specifically, the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for women who had used oral contraceptives were 0.86 (95% CI 0.66–1.12) for mild anxiety symptoms, 1.55 (95% CI 0.98–2.45) for moderate anxiety symptoms, and 1.68 (95% CI 0.94–2.99) for severe anxiety symptoms. Discussion This study indicates a statistically significant link between the use of oral contraceptives for more than a month and the presence of anxiety symptoms, as measured by the GAD-7 Scale (≥ 10). The analysis revealed that women who had used oral contraceptives for a month or longer were 1.45 times (95% CI 1.04–2.03) more likely to report significant anxiety symptoms. Further subgroup analyses identified that women with higher stress levels, unemployed women, and inactive women also exhibited a heightened risk of developing anxiety symptoms. These findings suggest that prolonged use of oral contraceptives may be associated with an increased risk of anxiety symptoms in women. The findings of this study contrast with previous research suggesting that hormonal oral contraceptives can have positive effects on women's psychopathology. The observed association between anxiety symptoms and oral contraceptive use adds to the ongoing debate from earlier studies highlighting the potential negative side effects of these medications (Cinar et al., 2012 ; Farr et al., 2011 ; Hall et al., 2015 ). These discrepancies may stem from differences in the populations surveyed, as well as study conditions that could introduce health bias. For instance, women who experienced adverse side effects from oral contraceptives might have discontinued use and were excluded from participation at the time. This study, conducted with South Korean women, emphasizes the possibility that women may be more susceptible to developing anxiety symptoms due to oral contraceptive use, making this area of research increasingly important for women's health. Furthermore, this study highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the side effects of oral contraceptives, especially given their widespread use. The emotional and physical symptoms associated with these medications are often linked to more severe health conditions, which could increase women's vulnerability to being diagnosed with potentially life-threatening diseases (Sklar & Anisman, 1981 ). The exact mechanism connecting oral contraceptive use to anxiety remains unclear, and previous research has yielded conflicting results. It is still not definitively known whether the emotional side effects of hormonal contraceptives are pharmacological or psychological in nature (Robinson et al., 2004 ; Sharma et al., 2020 ). Research on this topic may be limited due to the significant stigma surrounding the use of oral contraceptives, especially as they are often viewed as tools for women’s sexual freedom (Hur, 2013 ; Sharma et al., 2020 ). In more conservative societies like South Korea, this stigma can further hinder discussions about the side effects of hormonal contraception, which should be carefully considered before prescribing (Lee et al., 2011 ; Lim & Cho, 2002 ). Conversations about the impact of oral contraceptives on women's health are complicated by the social construction of pill use as a personal choice, even though in some cases, contraception is used not only for birth control but also to manage hormone-related symptoms. Moreover, in certain situations, the pill may be the only option available for women to maintain a healthy sexual life (Granzow, 2007 ; Sihvo et al., 1998 ). For some women, oral contraceptives are a last resort to avoid the severe consequences of unsafe sex (Campo et al., 2012 ). Given that oral contraceptives may be a crucial option for maintaining sexual health, further research into their side effects should be prioritized as an essential component of women's health. This study has several limitations. Being a cross-sectional analysis, it relies on data from 2021 and 2022, which restricts its ability to establish clear causality between depressive symptoms and oral contraceptive use. Additionally, since the KNHANES dataset is based on self-reported information, it may be subject to personal biases. For instance, women might be reluctant to disclose their use of oral contraceptives due to perceived stigma. Similarly, there may be bias if women choose not to report depressive symptoms, particularly if they have not been clinically diagnosed or if they feel stigmatized by acknowledging mental health issues. The study may also be subject to healthy user bias, as women who previously experienced negative side effects from oral contraceptives might report not currently using the pill, regardless of whether they are experiencing depressive or anxiety symptoms. Additionally, the use of oral contraceptives and the reporting of GAD-7 scores in the KNHANES study are highly individualized, with some women using hormonal contraception for reasons other than birth control, as the survey wording implies. This limitation means that the study cannot distinguish between different types of oral contraceptives used by South Korean women, potentially omitting a significant portion of data from women who take oral contraception for non-contraceptive purposes. Consequently, the study was unable to account for the type of oral contraceptive used, the duration of its use, or the reasons behind its use, as the survey only inquired whether women had used oral contraceptives for one month or more (Kweon et al., 2014 ). In conclusion, it is imperative to understand from a public health perspective how hormonal contraception can affect women’s health. Many women start oral contraceptives from a young age, which can also potentially accelerate and amplify the side effects that they feel from hormonal oral contraceptives. Conclusion The findings of this study reveal a significant correlation between oral contraceptive use and an increased likelihood of anxiety symptoms. Women who used the pill for more than a month demonstrated higher odds of reporting anxiety symptoms, as indicated by a GAD-7 score exceeding 10. These results underscore the importance of raising awareness and conducting further research into the mental health implications of contraceptive use, particularly given the early age at which many women begin using these medications. Considering the possibility of underreported side effects due to stigma or early discontinuation, additional longitudinal studies are essential to better understand these risks. Such research can help guide healthcare practices and ensure women are provided with comprehensive and balanced information when making contraceptive decisions. Declarations Ethical approval and consent to participate Not Applicable. The KNHANES survey data that this study used, however, was completed with IRB approval and followed the Helsinki Declaration, the Bioethics and Safety Act of Korea, and the Personal Information Protection Act of Korea. Human Ethics and Consent to Participate declarations Not applicable. Consent for publication All authors consent to the publication of this manuscript. Availability of data and materials Data that supports the findings of this study is from the 2021 and 2022 datasets of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Competing Interests The authors declare that there are no competing interests. Funding Not applicable. This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Authors’ contributions S.P. wrote the main manuscript text and prepared all figures. All authors reviewed the manuscript. Acknowledgements Professor Eun-Cheol Park provided mentorship and helped the final product of the article to come about by giving me feedback on my drafts for this article. Professor Eun-Cheol Park and I would also thank Professor Kim Yong Bae at the Yonsei Severance Hospital for providing this research opportunity and bringing together the two authors. I would also like to thank Yale University for providing the background education and unique post-graduate fellowship experience that led way to the writing of this paper. Data analysis and access to technology was also made possible by the computer that my uncle, Lim Hyeong-Gun, provided. 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General characteristics of the study population Variables Symptoms of Anxiety (GAD-7 Scale) TOTAL No Yes P-value N % N % N % Total (N= 5 , 686 ) 5,686 100.0 5,345 94.0 341 6.0 Oral Contraceptive Usage 0.0204 No 4,743 83.4 4,474 94.3 269 5.7 Yes 943 16.6 871 92.4 72 7.6 Marriage Status <.0001 Unmarried 933 16.4 846 90.7 87 9.3 Married 4,753 83.6 4,499 94.7 254 5.3 Pregnancy Experience <.0001 No 1,037 18.2 939 90.5 98 9.5 Yes 4,649 81.8 4,406 94.8 243 5.2 Age <.0001 20s 662 11.6 601 90.8 61 9.2 30s 690 12.1 624 90.4 66 9.6 40s and above 4,334 76.2 4,120 95.1 214 4.9 Income 0.0151 High 1,566 27.5 1,492 95.3 74 4.7 Medium 2,920 51.4 2,741 93.9 179 6.1 Low 1,198 21.1 1,112 92.8 86 7.2 Stress Level <.0001 Nonexistent/Minimal 954 16.8 947 99.3 7 0.7 Existent 4,732 83.2 4,398 92.9 334 7.1 Education Level 0.7102 College 2,071 36.4 1,950 94.2 121 5.8 Below College 3,615 63.6 3,395 93.9 220 6.1 Health Insurance <.0001 National Health Insurance 5,437 95.6 5,135 94.4 302 5.6 Additional Private Insurance 249 4.4 210 84.3 39 15.7 Subjective Health Perception <.0001 Good 1,686 29.7 1,645 97.6 41 2.4 Less than Good 4,000 70.3 3,700 92.5 300 7.5 Employment Status 0.3008 Unemployed 2,614 46.0 2,448 93.6 166 6.4 Employed 3,072 54.0 2,897 94.3 175 5.7 Category of Employment 0.0648 White-Collar 1,297 22.8 1,213 93.5 84 6.5 Pink-Collar 832 14.6 781 93.9 51 6.1 Blue-Collar 943 16.6 903 95.8 40 4.2 Physical Activity 0.6616 Active 1,559 27.4 1,469 94.2 90 5.8 Not Active 4,127 72.6 3,876 93.9 251 6.1 Table 2. Results of factors associated with Anxiety Variables Symptoms of Anxiety (GAD-7) No Yes Total (N=5,686) OR OR 95% CI Oral Contraceptive Usage No 1.00 Yes 1.45 (1.04 - 2.03) Marriage Status Unmarried 1.00 Married 1.24 (0.69 - 2.24) Pregnancy Experience No 1.00 Yes 0.68 (0.39 - 1.17) Age 20s 1.00 30s 1.15 (0.70 - 1.89) 40s and above 0.51 (0.31 - 0.84) Income High 1.00 Medium 1.28 (0.93 - 1.76) Low 1.30 (0.83 - 2.02) Stress Level Nonexistent/Minimal 1.00 Existent 8.78 (2.90 - 26.57) Education Level College 1.00 Below College 1.10 (0.79 - 1.54) Health Insurance National Health Insurance 1.00 Additional Private Insurance 2.78 (1.76 - 4.39) Subjective Health Perception Good 1.00 Less than Good 3.58 (2.42 - 5.30) Employment Status Unemployed 1.00 Employed 0.98 (0.69 - 1.41) White-Collar 0.98 (0.69 - 1.41) Pink-Collar 0.87 (0.59 - 1.28) Blue-Collar 0.83 (0.53 - 1.29) Physical Activity Active 1.00 Not Active 1.00 (0.74 - 1.35) Table 3. The results of subgroup analysis stratified by independent variables Variables Symptoms of Anxiety (GAD-7 Scale) Oral Contraceptive Usage No - Pill Yes - Pill OR OR 95% CI Marriage Status Unmarried 1.00 1.71 (0.81 - 3.60) Married 1.00 1.35 (0.94 - 1.95) Pregnancy Experience No 1.00 1.97 (0.97 - 4.01) Yes 1.00 1.27 (0.88 - 1.83) Age 20s 1.00 1.56 (0.61 - 3.98) 30s 1.00 1.76 (0.85 - 3.63) 40s and above 1.00 1.12 (0.76 - 1.66) Income High 1.00 1.26 (0.65 - 2.46) Medium 1.00 1.46 (0.90 - 2.37) Low 1.00 1.31 (0.72 - 2.37) Stress Level Nonexistent/Minimal 1.00 - - - - Existent 1.00 1.50 (1.07 - 2.11) Education Level College 1.00 1.77 (1.02 - 3.05) Below College 1.00 1.27 (0.84 - 1.94) Health Insurance National Health Insurance 1.00 1.42 (0.99 - 2.03) Additional Private Insurance 1.00 1.51 (0.46 - 5.01) Subjective Health Perception Good 1.00 3.31 (1.27 - 8.63) Less than Good 1.00 1.31 (0.93 - 1.85) Employment Status Unemployed 1.00 1.71 (1.07 - 2.74) Employed White-Collar 1.00 1.78 (0.92 - 3.45) Pink-Collar 1.00 0.64 (0.21 - 1.93) Blue-Collar 1.00 0.92 (0.34 - 2.50) Physical Activity Active 1.00 1.37 (0.72 - 2.60) Not Active 1.00 1.47 (1.02 - 2.10) Table 4. The results of subgroup analysis stratified by Oral Contraceptive Usage Variables Symptoms of Anxiety (GAD-7 Scale) None/Minimal (0-4) Mild (5-9) Moderate (10-14) Severe (15-21) OR OR 95% CI OR 95% CI OR 95% CI Oral Contraceptive Usage No 1.00 Yes 0.86 (0.66 - 1.12) 1.55 (0.98 - 2.45) 1.68 (0.94 - 2.99) Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6195837","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":446215090,"identity":"1e8ba73d-29a8-429b-852b-6c43bb4862f6","order_by":0,"name":"Sorah Park","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA7klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJACZhAhwcx8wOADA0MCCVrY2RIKZ5CmhZ/H4DMPMVrk23sffi7cYZcv2cxguNm27XCefAPzww/4tBicOW4sPfNMsuVsZoZk49y2w8UGB9iMJfBqkUhjkOZtYzaQY2Y4BtKSuIGBwQy/w2akMf/mbasHamFs/20J1DK/gf0bfs/cSGMD2nLYQJqZmcGYEail4QAPflsMzhxjs+Y9c9xAspmNwbDnXHrihsM8xXj9It/exnybd0e1gcT58x8MfpRZJ85vb9+IN8TAgLEBxmBjgEYT0VoY/hCjfBSMglEwCkYaAADEzUUapQniBgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Yonsei University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sorah","middleName":"","lastName":"Park","suffix":""},{"id":446215092,"identity":"baf33227-b1b7-4088-9844-ae1c47712d5c","order_by":1,"name":"Eun-Cheol Park","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Yonsei University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Eun-Cheol","middleName":"","lastName":"Park","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-03-10 13:08:43","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6195837/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6195837/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":88599976,"identity":"9c8c6670-6736-4196-ab8e-0c1907785a2b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-08 07:39:09","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1461669,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6195837/v1/86f96082-da22-45ab-a2f3-afada75b9f54.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Association between Oral Contraceptive Usage and Symptoms of General Anxiety Disorder in Korean Women","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eMental side effects of medication have gained increased attention in public health due to their impact on quality of life, medication safety, and patient care\u0026mdash;especially following the global COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on mental health (Inchausti et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e; Prince et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e). Oral contraceptives, commonly known as birth control pills, are used by more than 150\u0026nbsp;million adolescent and adult women worldwide (Sharma et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). Research has suggested a potential link between oral contraceptive use and the development of mental health symptoms (Kraft et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e). Many women start using oral contraceptives during puberty or adolescence for reproductive purposes, as well as for non-reproductive reasons such as regulating their menstrual cycle, managing mood, and improving skin conditions like acne (Arowojolu et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e; Sharma et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). Oral contraceptives can be broadly classified into three categories: combined estrogen-progesterone pills, progesterone-only pills, and continuous or extended-use pills (Cooper \u0026amp; Patel, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Despite their widespread use, the negative side effects of oral contraceptives are not fully understood, are often underreported, and can be controversial due to their variability based on the individual, the type of oral contraceptive used, and personal health histories (Robinson et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e). Some negative side effects are also reported to decrease or diminish with continued use of contraceptives (Barr, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e). Further, discourse on usage of oral contraceptives and their side effects, along with health education for women, is lacking (Hall, Westhoff, et al., 2013; Toffol et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e). The lack of knowledge about oral contraceptives is associated with continued use, which may exacerbate side effects for many women (Stidham et al., 2014).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOut of the multiple potential side effects of oral contraception usage, previously reported side effects commonly but not definitively include acne, amenorrhea, breakthrough bleeding, breast tenderness, decreased libido, depression, headache, heavy menses, hirsutism, increased vaginal discharge, irregular menses, nausea, oily skin, and weight gain (Barr, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e; Hee et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e). More severe side effects even include greater risk of cancer diagnosis, including increased risk of breast or ovarian cancer (Hannaford et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e; Hunter et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e; Sihvo et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1998\u003c/span\u003e; Vessey \u0026amp; Yeates, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e). Previous studies have also associated greater heterosocial anxiety and psychological stress with decreased contraceptive usage and therefore less effective contraceptive methods (Bruch \u0026amp; Hynes, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1987\u003c/span\u003e; Hall, Moreau, et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e). Although heterosocial anxiety and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) are distinct conditions, they share similar symptoms, including fear and anxiety, and are often comorbid with other disorders such as depression and eating disorders (Craske et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e; Cuming \u0026amp; Rapee, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e; Drzewiecki \u0026amp; Fox, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese connections between symptoms and disorders suggest that oral contraceptive use could also be associated with symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Anxiety disorders, which affect millions of people globally, have varying presentations and diagnoses and significantly impact quality of life and behavior (Drzewiecki \u0026amp; Fox, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e; Heimberg et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1992\u003c/span\u003e). Women notably experience greater rates of anxiety disorders, along with greater severity in symptoms \u0026ndash; even affecting lifespan (Hantsoo \u0026amp; Epperson, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Given that symptoms of anxiety can be considered a severe consequence of oral contraceptives, past studies on the association between oral contraceptives and symptoms of anxiety are lacking in number and have had conflicting results (Cinar et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e; Farr et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e; Hall et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e). Knowledge on oral contraceptives and their potential side effects can also effect usage of oral contraceptives (Hall, Westhoff, et al., 2013).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConsidering the importance of understanding anxiety and contraceptive use in larger female populations, as well as the conflicting results from previous studies, this research aims to explore the relationship between anxiety symptoms and oral contraceptive use among women in South Korea.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials and Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eData\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study used annual data from 2021 and 2022 data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, KNHANES is a national surveillance system that has been used to assess the health and nutritional status of Koreans. The survey is based on the National Health Promotion Act, and is a nationally representative cross-sectional survey that includes around 10,000 individuals each year as a survey sample \u0026ndash; collecting information on socioeconomic status, health-related behaviors, quality of life, healthcare status and utilization, profiles for disease, and dietary intake (Kweon et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eParticipants/Study Population\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe total number of female participants from 2021 and 2022 from the KNHANES was 5,686. Only women aged 18 years and above were included in the analysis. Women with missing responses for each survey item were excluded from the data, which left 5,686 total women in the final analysis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eVariables\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe dependent variable, general anxiety symptoms, was categorized by levels of severity. These categories were based on the GAD-7 scale. The GAD-7 Scale is a 7-iitem anxiety scale that has been proven to be a reliable and valid source to assess symptoms of anxiety (Spitzer et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e). The scale is split into four levels of severity, including scores 0\u0026ndash;4 for minimal anxiety, 5\u0026ndash;9 for mild anxiety, 10\u0026ndash;14 for moderate anxiety, and 15\u0026ndash;21 for severe anxiety. GAD-7 scores of 10 of greater is often used as a reasonable cutoff in association with patients with GAD, while scores less than 10 are generally associated with patients without GAD (Spitzer et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe primary independent variable of interest was usage of oral contraceptives for longer than one month. The question in the KNHANES asked women if they had used any type of oral contraceptive pill for longer than one month. Respondents were able to respond with a \u0026ldquo;yes\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;no\u0026rdquo; answer (Kweon et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e). The direct translation for this question translates specifically to \u0026ldquo;usage of birth control pill,\u0026rdquo; implying usage of oral contraceptives primarily for birth control.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCovariates included various sociodemographic factors such as marriage status, pregnancy experience, age, income, perceived stress levels, education level, health insurance status, personal health perception, employment status, category of employment (if employed), and physical activity.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eStatistical Analyses\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStatistical analysis of the KNHANES survey data was conducted using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Inc., Cary, NC, USA). A multiple logistic regression model was employed to explore the relationship between oral contraceptive use and anxiety symptoms. Anxiety symptoms were categorized into two groups: \"No\" (absence of anxiety symptoms) and \"Yes\" (presence of anxiety symptoms). Statistical significance was assessed using a p-value threshold of \u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05, with results presented as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). An aOR of 1.00 was interpreted as indicating no effect. A multiple regression model was also used to examine the effects of oral contraceptive usage on severity of anxiety symptoms divided by mild, moderate, and severe symptoms.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results ","content":"\u003cp\u003eTable 1 shows the data from 5,686 women included in the multiple logistic regression analysis, categorized by marriage status, pregnancy history, age, and other independent variables. Of the total responses, 4,743 women reported not using oral contraceptives for more than a month, while 943 women reported using them for over a month. Among the women who did not use oral contraceptives, 94.3% exhibited minimal or no depressive symptoms, and 5.7% reported significant anxiety symptoms. In contrast, of the women who used oral contraceptives for more than a month, 92.4% had minimal or no anxiety symptoms, while 7.6% reported significant anxiety symptoms.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 2 presents the odds ratios for the relationship between oral contraceptive use and depressive symptoms, along with other relevant factors. The results indicate that women who used oral contraceptives for longer than a month had a higher likelihood of experiencing significant anxiety symptoms, with an odds ratio for anxiety symptoms of 1.45 (95% CI 1.04\u0026ndash;2.03). Marriage and pregnancy status did not show any statistical significance in relation to higher GAD-7 scores\u003cu\u003e.\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 3 summarizes the results of subgroup analyses based on oral contraceptive use. Statistically significant associations with odds ratios greater than 1.00 were observed for women who used oral contraceptives for over a month and had higher stress levels (aOR 1.50, 95% CI 1.07\u0026ndash;2.11), were unemployed (aOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.07\u0026ndash;2.74), or were physically inactive (aOR 1.47, 95% CI 1.02\u0026ndash;2.10).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 4 presents the outcomes of a multiple regression analysis that examined the connection between oral contraceptive use and anxiety symptoms using the GAD-7 scale. The analysis found that women who used oral contraceptives for a month or longer generally had increased odds of anxiety. However, the severity of anxiety symptoms did not reach statistical significance. Specifically, the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for women who had used oral contraceptives were 0.86 (95% CI 0.66\u0026ndash;1.12) for mild anxiety symptoms, 1.55 (95% CI 0.98\u0026ndash;2.45) for moderate anxiety symptoms, and 1.68 (95% CI 0.94\u0026ndash;2.99) for severe anxiety symptoms.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis study indicates a statistically significant link between the use of oral contraceptives for more than a month and the presence of anxiety symptoms, as measured by the GAD-7 Scale (\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;10). The analysis revealed that women who had used oral contraceptives for a month or longer were 1.45 times (95% CI 1.04\u0026ndash;2.03) more likely to report significant anxiety symptoms. Further subgroup analyses identified that women with higher stress levels, unemployed women, and inactive women also exhibited a heightened risk of developing anxiety symptoms. These findings suggest that prolonged use of oral contraceptives may be associated with an increased risk of anxiety symptoms in women.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe findings of this study contrast with previous research suggesting that hormonal oral contraceptives can have positive effects on women's psychopathology. The observed association between anxiety symptoms and oral contraceptive use adds to the ongoing debate from earlier studies highlighting the potential negative side effects of these medications (Cinar et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e; Farr et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e; Hall et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e). These discrepancies may stem from differences in the populations surveyed, as well as study conditions that could introduce health bias. For instance, women who experienced adverse side effects from oral contraceptives might have discontinued use and were excluded from participation at the time. This study, conducted with South Korean women, emphasizes the possibility that women may be more susceptible to developing anxiety symptoms due to oral contraceptive use, making this area of research increasingly important for women's health.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurthermore, this study highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the side effects of oral contraceptives, especially given their widespread use. The emotional and physical symptoms associated with these medications are often linked to more severe health conditions, which could increase women's vulnerability to being diagnosed with potentially life-threatening diseases (Sklar \u0026amp; Anisman, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1981\u003c/span\u003e). The exact mechanism connecting oral contraceptive use to anxiety remains unclear, and previous research has yielded conflicting results. It is still not definitively known whether the emotional side effects of hormonal contraceptives are pharmacological or psychological in nature (Robinson et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e; Sharma et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eResearch on this topic may be limited due to the significant stigma surrounding the use of oral contraceptives, especially as they are often viewed as tools for women\u0026rsquo;s sexual freedom (Hur, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e; Sharma et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). In more conservative societies like South Korea, this stigma can further hinder discussions about the side effects of hormonal contraception, which should be carefully considered before prescribing (Lee et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e; Lim \u0026amp; Cho, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2002\u003c/span\u003e). Conversations about the impact of oral contraceptives on women's health are complicated by the social construction of pill use as a personal choice, even though in some cases, contraception is used not only for birth control but also to manage hormone-related symptoms. Moreover, in certain situations, the pill may be the only option available for women to maintain a healthy sexual life (Granzow, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e; Sihvo et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1998\u003c/span\u003e). For some women, oral contraceptives are a last resort to avoid the severe consequences of unsafe sex (Campo et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e). Given that oral contraceptives may be a crucial option for maintaining sexual health, further research into their side effects should be prioritized as an essential component of women's health.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study has several limitations. Being a cross-sectional analysis, it relies on data from 2021 and 2022, which restricts its ability to establish clear causality between depressive symptoms and oral contraceptive use. Additionally, since the KNHANES dataset is based on self-reported information, it may be subject to personal biases. For instance, women might be reluctant to disclose their use of oral contraceptives due to perceived stigma. Similarly, there may be bias if women choose not to report depressive symptoms, particularly if they have not been clinically diagnosed or if they feel stigmatized by acknowledging mental health issues.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study may also be subject to healthy user bias, as women who previously experienced negative side effects from oral contraceptives might report not currently using the pill, regardless of whether they are experiencing depressive or anxiety symptoms. Additionally, the use of oral contraceptives and the reporting of GAD-7 scores in the KNHANES study are highly individualized, with some women using hormonal contraception for reasons other than birth control, as the survey wording implies. This limitation means that the study cannot distinguish between different types of oral contraceptives used by South Korean women, potentially omitting a significant portion of data from women who take oral contraception for non-contraceptive purposes. Consequently, the study was unable to account for the type of oral contraceptive used, the duration of its use, or the reasons behind its use, as the survey only inquired whether women had used oral contraceptives for one month or more (Kweon et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn conclusion, it is imperative to understand from a public health perspective how hormonal contraception can affect women\u0026rsquo;s health. Many women start oral contraceptives from a young age, which can also potentially accelerate and amplify the side effects that they feel from hormonal oral contraceptives.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe findings of this study reveal a significant correlation between oral contraceptive use and an increased likelihood of anxiety symptoms. Women who used the pill for more than a month demonstrated higher odds of reporting anxiety symptoms, as indicated by a GAD-7 score exceeding 10. These results underscore the importance of raising awareness and conducting further research into the mental health implications of contraceptive use, particularly given the early age at which many women begin using these medications. Considering the possibility of underreported side effects due to stigma or early discontinuation, additional longitudinal studies are essential to better understand these risks. Such research can help guide healthcare practices and ensure women are provided with comprehensive and balanced information when making contraceptive decisions.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthical approval and consent to participate\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot Applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe KNHANES survey data that this study used, however, was completed with IRB approval and followed the Helsinki Declaration, the Bioethics and Safety Act of Korea, and the Personal Information Protection Act of Korea.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Ethics and Consent to Participate declarations\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent for publication\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll authors consent to the publication of this manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailability of data and materials\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eData that supports the findings of this study is from the 2021 and 2022 datasets of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting Interests\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that there are no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable. This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthors’ contributions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eS.P. wrote the main manuscript text and prepared all figures. All authors reviewed the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProfessor Eun-Cheol Park provided mentorship and helped the final product of the article to come about by giving me feedback on my drafts for this article. \u0026nbsp;Professor Eun-Cheol Park and I would also thank Professor Kim Yong Bae at the Yonsei Severance Hospital for providing this research opportunity and bringing together the two authors. I would also like to thank Yale University for providing the background education and unique post-graduate fellowship experience that led way to the writing of this paper. Data analysis and access to technology was also made possible by the computer that my uncle, Lim Hyeong-Gun, provided. Lastly, we would like to acknowledge the friends and family of the authors who provided company, support, and advice during the production of this research.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArowojolu, A. O., Gallo, M. F., Lopez, L. M., Grimes, D. A., \u0026amp; Garner, S. E. (2012). Combined oral contraceptive pills for treatment of acne. \u003cem\u003eCochrane Database of Systematic Reviews\u003c/em\u003e(7), CD004425. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004425.pub5 \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBarr, N. G. (2010). Managing adverse effects of hormonal contraceptives. \u003cem\u003eAmerican Family Physician\u003c/em\u003e(82(12)), 1499-1506. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21166370/ \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBruch, M. A., \u0026amp; Hynes, M. J. (1987). 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Oral contraceptive use and cancer: final report from the Oxford\u0026ndash;Family Planning Association contraceptive study. \u003cem\u003eContraception\u003c/em\u003e,\u003cem\u003e 88\u003c/em\u003e(6), 678\u0026ndash;683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2013.08.008 \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"677\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" style=\"width: 73.4976%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 1. General characteristics of the study population\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVariables\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"7\" style=\"width: 53.3054%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSymptoms of Anxiety (GAD-7 Scale)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 15.3652%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTOTAL\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 14.3014%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNo\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 16.3107%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eYes\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eP-value\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eN\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e%\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eN\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e%\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eN\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e%\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal (N=\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e5\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e,\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e686\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5,686\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100.0\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5,345\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94.0\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e341\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.0\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOral Contraceptive Usage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0204\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,743\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e83.4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,474\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94.3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e269\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.7\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e943\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.6\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e871\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e92.4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.6\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarriage Status\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnmarried\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e933\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e846\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90.7\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e87\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMarried\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,753\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e83.6\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,499\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94.7\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e254\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePregnancy Experience\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,037\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.2\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e939\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90.5\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.5\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,649\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81.8\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,406\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94.8\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e243\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.2\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e662\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.6\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e601\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90.8\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.2\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e690\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e624\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90.4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.6\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40s and above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,334\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76.2\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,120\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95.1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e214\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.9\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncome\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0151\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHigh\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,566\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.5\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,492\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95.3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.7\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedium\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,920\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51.4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,741\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e93.9\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e179\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLow\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,198\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21.1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,112\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e92.8\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.2\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStress Level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNonexistent/Minimal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e954\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.8\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e947\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99.3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExistent\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,732\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e83.2\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,398\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e92.9\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e334\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducation Level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7102\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCollege\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,071\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36.4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,950\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94.2\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e121\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.8\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBelow College\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3,615\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63.6\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3,395\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e93.9\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e220\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHealth Insurance\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNational Health Insurance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5,437\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95.6\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5,135\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94.4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e302\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.6\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdditional Private Insurance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e249\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e210\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e84.3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.7\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSubjective Health Perception\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGood\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,686\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.7\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,645\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e97.6\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLess than Good\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70.3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3,700\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e92.5\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e300\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.5\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEmployment Status\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnemployed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,614\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.0\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,448\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e93.6\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e166\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEmployed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3,072\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54.0\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,897\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94.3\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e175\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.7\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCategory of Employment\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0648\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhite-Collar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,297\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.8\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,213\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e93.5\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e84\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.5\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePink-Collar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e832\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.6\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e781\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e93.9\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBlue-Collar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e943\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.6\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e903\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95.8\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.2\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhysical Activity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6616\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eActive\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,559\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.4\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1,469\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94.2\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.8\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.6481%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNot Active\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6733%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4,127\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.6919%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72.6\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.4011%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3,876\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e93.9\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 12.4103%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e251\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.9004%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.328%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"481\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 381px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 2. Results of factors associated with Anxiety\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVariables\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 270px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSymptoms of Anxiety (GAD-7)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNo\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"width: 128px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;Yes\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTotal (N=5,686)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e95% CI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOral Contraceptive Usage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.45\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.03)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarriage Status\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnmarried\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMarried\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.24\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.24)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePregnancy Experience\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.17)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.15\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.89)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40s and above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.51\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.84)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncome\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHigh\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedium\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.28\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.76)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLow\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.30\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.02)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStress Level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNonexistent/Minimal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExistent\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.78\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.57)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducation Level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCollege\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBelow College\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.10\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.54)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHealth Insurance\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNational Health Insurance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdditional Private Insurance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.78\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.39)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 354px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSubjective Health Perception\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGood\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLess than Good\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.58\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.30)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEmployment Status\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnemployed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEmployed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.98\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.41)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhite-Collar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.98\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.41)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePink-Collar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.28)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBlue-Collar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.29)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhysical Activity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eActive\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNot Active\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 142px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 39px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.35)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"585\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" style=\"width: 60.0727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 3. \u0026nbsp;The results of subgroup analysis stratified by independent variables\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"4\" style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVariables\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 41.3064%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;Symptoms of Anxiety (GAD-7 Scale)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" style=\"width: 41.3064%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOral Contraceptive Usage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNo - Pill\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"width: 35.68%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;Yes - Pill\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 20.9963%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e95% CI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarriage Status\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnmarried\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.71\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.60)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMarried\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.35\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.95)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePregnancy Experience\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.97\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.01)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.27\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.83)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.56\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.98)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.76\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.63)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40s and above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.12\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.66)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncome\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHigh\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.26\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.46)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedium\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.46\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.37)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLow\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.31\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.37)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStress Level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNonexistent/Minimal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e-\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e-\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e-\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e-\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExistent\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.50\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.11)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducation Level\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCollege\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.77\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.05)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBelow College\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.27\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.94)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHealth Insurance\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNational Health Insurance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.42\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.03)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdditional Private Insurance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.51\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.01)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 44.4627%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSubjective Health Perception\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGood\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.31\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.63)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLess than Good\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.31\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.85)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEmployment Status\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnemployed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.71\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.74)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEmployed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhite-Collar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.78\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.45)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePink-Collar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.64\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.93)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBlue-Collar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.92\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhysical Activity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eActive\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.37\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.60)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4055%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNot Active\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.92%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 11.3901%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.47\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 7.9594%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.6658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.3711%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"695\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"14\" style=\"width: 13.4893%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 4. The results of subgroup analysis stratified by Oral Contraceptive Usage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 92px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVariables\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"13\" style=\"width: 18.0117%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;Symptoms of Anxiety (GAD-7 Scale)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.7162%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;None/Minimal (0-4)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"width: 5.0049%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;Mild (5-9)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"width: 5.1548%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;Moderate (10-14)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" style=\"width: 4.1658%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSevere (15-21)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.7162%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.3187%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 3.6863%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e95% CI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.4985%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 3.6563%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e95% CI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.019%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 3.1468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e95% CI\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 217px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOral Contraceptive Usage\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.3187%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.5284%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0.4196%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.7382%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.4985%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.5584%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0.5994%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.4985%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.019%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.1688%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0.3596%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.6184%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.7083%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.7162%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.3187%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.5284%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0.4196%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.7382%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.4985%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.5584%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0.5994%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.4985%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.019%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.1688%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0.3596%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.6184%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.7083%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.7162%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.3187%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.86\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.5284%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0.4196%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.7382%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.12)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.4985%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.55\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.5584%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0.5994%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.4985%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.45)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.019%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.68\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.1688%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 0.3596%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 1.6184%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.99)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6195837/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6195837/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eOral contraceptives are widely used by women for reproductive and non-reproductive purposes, such as regulating menstrual cycles and managing mood. However, the mental health side effects, particularly related to anxiety and mood disorders, remain poorly understood and often underreported. Previous research has shown inconsistent findings regarding the association between oral contraceptive use and mental health symptoms, including anxiety. Despite their widespread use, the impact of oral contraceptives on anxiety is not well-documented, and gaps in health education contribute to continued use despite potential side effects. Given that anxiety disorders disproportionately affect women, this study aims to explore the correlation between oral contraceptive use and anxiety symptoms in South Korea, addressing a critical gap in research and informing healthcare decisions for women globally.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study used data from 2021 and 2022 of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Focusing on female respondents aged 18 and older, the final analysis included 5,686 women. Symptoms of anxiety were measured using the GAD-7 Scale. The main independent variable was oral contraceptive use for longer than one month. A multiple regression model assessed the association between contraceptive usage and anxiety symptoms, presenting results as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and a significance threshold of p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05. All analyses were conducted using SAS version 9.4.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnalysis of survey data from 5,686 women revealed that 943 women who had used oral contraceptives for over a month were more likely to report significant anxiety symptoms (7.6%) compared to those who did not use oral contraceptives (5.7%). Logistic regression showed that women using oral contraceptives for longer than a month had 1.45 times higher odds (95% CI 1.04\u0026ndash;2.03) of experiencing significant anxiety symptoms. Subgroup analysis indicated that women with higher stress levels, those who were unemployed, and physically inactive women had greater odds of developing anxiety symptoms (aOR 1.50, 1.71, and 1.47, respectively). Multiple regression revealed that the odds of developing greater severity levels of anxiety were higher in women using oral contraceptives, though the results for severity levels of anxiety were not statistically significant.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study found that prolonged oral contraceptive use is associated with higher odds of anxiety symptoms in South Korean women, especially among those with higher stress, unemployment, and physical inactivity. Although the severity of anxiety did not reach statistical significance, the findings highlight the need for further research on the mental health effects of oral contraceptives and the importance of providing women with detailed information on potential side effects.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Association between Oral Contraceptive Usage and Symptoms of General Anxiety Disorder in Korean Women","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-04-25 07:54:40","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6195837/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"f125658f-9c79-4ae7-9b4a-730fa9f2c509","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 25th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-08-08T07:38:14+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-04-25 07:54:40","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6195837","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6195837","identity":"rs-6195837","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}