Effect of immune-boosting beverage, energy beverage, hydrogen peroxide superior, polishing methods and fine-grained dental prophylaxis paste on color of CAD-CAM restorative materials

Effect of immune-boosting beverage, energy beverage, hydrogen peroxide superior, polishing methods and fine-grained dental prophylaxis paste on color of CAD-CAM restorative materials | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Effect of immune-boosting beverage, energy beverage, hydrogen peroxide superior, polishing methods and fine-grained dental prophylaxis paste on color of CAD-CAM restorative materials Kerem Yılmaz, Erdem Özdemir, Fehmi Gönüldaş This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4612586/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 17 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in BMC Oral Health → Version 1 posted 23 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background The effect of an immune-boosting beverage (SAM) containing Sambucus Nigra, an energy beverage (ENE), an in-office bleaching (BLE) agent with 25% hydrogen peroxide superior, glazing (GLA) or polishing (POL) methods, and professional dental prophylaxis (PDP) on the color of CAD-CAM restorative materials is unknown. Methods In total 210 specimens were prepared, consisting of CAD-CAM feldspathic (FC), zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate ceramic (ZLS) and hybrid ceramic (HC). The ceramic specimens were divided according to the polishing methods of glazing (GLA) and mechanical polishing (POL). All materials were divided into two groups: with and without BLE. A 25% hydrogen peroxide superior (HPS) gel was used for BLE. After the baseline (BAS) measurement, the specimens were immersed in 3 different beverages (distilled water (DIS), SAM, ENE). After 28 days, a fine-grained (RDA 7) prophylaxis paste was applied. Statistical analysis of ∆E00 color difference values was performed by 3-way ANOVA and Bonferroni test (α=0.05). Results The effect of all other actions except material-BLE-beverage on color for BAS-Day 28 was statistically different (p<0.05). The effect of material, material-BLE, beverage on color for Day 28-PDP was statistically different (p<0.05). After 28 days, the lowest color change was found in FC-GLA and HC immersed in DIS (p=0.0001) and the highest in FC-POL immersed in ENE (p=0.0002). PDP was efficient in color recovery in HC immersed to DIS, ENE and SAM (p=0.0010). For FC, HC and ZLS, BLE caused a higher color change (p<0.0001). Regardless of the material, the highest color change for BLE-beverage was found in BLE-treated specimens immersed in ENE (P=0.0496) and the lowest color change was found in non-BLE-treated specimens immersed in SAM (p=0.0074). Conclusions In materials pre-exposed to 25% HPS, the effect of PDP on color recovery was lower than in unexposed materials. Mechanical polishing produced higher color change in FC compared to glazing, but the values were equal for ZLS. For material/polishing method, HC was the most effective. ENE caused higher color change than DIS and SAM. PDP was more effective than ENE in restoring color to DIS- and SAM-immersed specimens. Covid-19 pandemic CAD-CAM hybrid Zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate Feldspathic ceramic Office bleaching Dental prophylaxis Glazing Hydrogen peroxide Beverage Sambucus Nigra Figures Figure 1 Background Dental restorations performed in regions where appearance is crucial should keep their physical properties long-term [1]. Restorative materials made by computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) are frequently preferred for this purpose today. These types of materials may be glass ceramic, zirconium or resin based [2]. Feldspathic ceramics (FC) have a glassy structure containing a crystalline phase. In lithium disilicate ceramics, the metasilicate phase transforms into stronger disilicate phase by crystallization. Nowadays, zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate ceramics (ZLS) have been developed [3,4]. One of the new developed materials is hybrid ceramics (HC), which contain dimethacrylate polymers and have a binary network structure [5]. While the smoothness of the surfaces of CAD-CAM ceramic materials can be performed by both glazing (GLA) and mechanical polishing (POL), GLA is not possible in resin-containing ceramics due to the loss of the organic matrix in firing [6,7]. On smoother surfaces, there would be less absorption of beverage-induced pigments to the material surface and consequently less discoloration would occur [8]. During the dental bleaching (BLE) process, when the BLE agent contacts the restoration surface, the existing physical features may change. BLE agents currently contain varying concentrations of carbamide peroxide (CP) or hydrogen peroxide (HP): 30–35% HP is usually used for in-office techniques, while 10–16% CP is commonly used at home [9]. In studies examining the effects of BLE with CP or HP on the restorative material, it was reported that BLE agents would degrade the surface integrity of the material by dissolving in the restorative material [10,11]. Nowadays, new BLE agents with different components have been developed and it is necessary to perform new studies to investigate the performance of these agents. The one of them is an office BLE agent containing 25% HP superior (HPS) [12,13]. Restorations discolored by beverages are polished regularly by clinicians to correct the color change of restorations and to remove dental plaque [14]. Current knowledge about professional dental prophylaxis (PDP), which is one of the methods applied for this purpose, is inadequate [15,16]. In recent years, various PDP pastes have been introduced to the market and there is a need for current research on these pastes with abrasives with low relative dentin abrasiveness (RDA) [17]. Studies examining the effect of beverages on the color of restorative materials have mostly focused on beverages such as tea, coffee, cola and wine [1,5,8,18]. After the Covid-19 pandemic, people's consumption habits have changed and as a result, the consumption of energy beverages has increased [19]. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of energy beverages on the color of CAD-CAM restorative materials. Another beverage with increasing consumption is black elderberry (Sambucus Nigra). This beverage, which is used as a treatment support in the Covid-19 pandemic, may change the color of dental materials because it contains anthocyanin [20]. There is no study on the effect of beverage with Sambucus Nigra on the color of CAD-CAM ceramic or hybrid ceramic materials. There are several studies [7,15,21–23] examining the effect of polishing methods, BLE or PDP on the color of CAD-CAM restorative materials, but no study has examined these variables together. For these reasons, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of energy beverage and immune-boosting beverage with Sambucus Nigra, in-office BLE with HPS and PDP on color of CAD-CAM FC, ZLS and HC. The null hypotheses were that (i) material/polishing method, BLE, beverages would have no effect on the color of tested materials and (ii) PDP would have no effect on the color recovery of discolored materials. Methods The materials used and the study design are displayed in Table 1 and in Fig. 1 , respectively. Using a diamond saw cutting machine (Micracut 201, Metkon, Turkey), 2 mm thick rectangular shaped specimens were obtained from FC, ZLS and HC blocks (N = 210). A total of 84 FC specimens were equally divided into two groups according to the polishing method (GLA or POL). A total of 84 ZLS specimens were also divided into two groups in the same way. These groups were further divided into two more groups of equal numbers, with and without prior BLE. A total of 42 HC specimens were prepared and divided into two groups of equal numbers, one with and without prior BLE. Table 1 Materials tested in the study Material Code Type Composition Manufacturer Cerec C FC Feldspathic glass matrix ceramic 56–64% SiO 2 , 20–23% Al 2 O 3 , 6–9% Na 2 O, 6–8% K 2 O Sirona Dental, Beinsheim, Germany Vita Suprinity ZLS Zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic 56%-64% SiO 2 , 1%-4% Al 2 O 3 , 15%-22% Li 2 O, 8%-12% ZrO 2 , 1%-4% K 2 O (∼0.5 µm) VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen,Germany Vita Enamic HC Polymer-infiltrated ceramic network 86% inorganic (58–63% SiO 2 , 20–23% Al 2 O 3 , 6–11% Na 2 O, 4–6% K 2 O, 0.5–2% B 2 O 3 ), 11–14% organic (methacrylate polymer, UDMA, TEGDMA) VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen,Germany Cavex Bite&White In-Office BLE Office bleaching gel 25% hydrogen peroxide superior, thickeners, pH regulators, reversible poloxamer, glycerine Cavex Holland BV, Haarlem, Netherlands Red Bull ENE Energizing beverage Glucose, citric acid, carbodioxide, sodium bicarbonate, taurine, caffeine, plain caramel, riboflavin, vitamins B3, B5, B6, B12 Red Bull GmbH, Salzburg, Austria Sambucol Plus Effervescent Tablet SAM Immune- boosting beverage with black elderberry Black elderberry extract, citric acid, sodium hydrogen carbonate, L-ascorbic acid, zinc Pharmacare Europe, UK Proxyt Fine PDP Fine-grain professional prophylaxis paste Silica (RDA 7 size particles), water, glycerine, sorbite, xylit, anorganic fillers, natriumfluoride, flavor and pigments Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein FC-GLA and ZLS-GLA specimens were glazed using appropriate glaze powder and liquid (Vita Akzent Plus, VITA Zahnfabrik, Germany) in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. The HC specimens were only mechanically polished due to the microstructural limitation of containing resin content [24]. FC-POL, ZLS-POL and HC specimens were polished with a ceramic polishing set (Diasynt Plus HP, EVE Ernst Vetter, Germany). The specimens were controlled for thickness with a digital micrometer (Absolute Digimatic Caliper, Mitutoyo, Japan) and kept in an incubator (UM 400, Memmert, Germany) at 37°C for 24 hours. Baseline color measurements (BAS) were taken in all specimens, and then a 25% HPS agent (Cavex Bite&White In-Office, Cavex Holland BV, Netherlands) was applied in the FC-GLA-BLE, FC-POL-BLE, ZLS-GLA-BLE, ZLS-POL-BLE and HC-BLE groups. For this purpose, a gel with a thickness of approximately 1 mm was applied to the specimen surface with an applicator and waited for 60 min. After BLE, the surfaces were washed, dried and color measurements were taken [12,13]. Each specimen was kept in its own 10 ml plastic container throughout the process. All specimens were immersed in the beverages. According to the manufacturers, the average consumption time for beverages such as tea or coffee are 15 minutes. In this case, 24 hours of storage in the beverage is roughly 1 month of consumption. To simulate a period of 2.5 years, a 28-day immersion period was applied, and color measurements were taken on the 1st, 14th and 28th days [25]. After immersion process, the specimens were washed, dried and then started to PDP. For this purpose, a dental angldruva (CrossPro, Anthogyr SA, France) operating at 16:1 speed was used and the rotational speed was set to 2500 rpm. A fine-particle prophylaxis paste (Proxyt Fine, Ivoclar Vivadent, Germany) was used as a paste. For each specimen, 0.05 mL of paste was applied to the specimen surface and POL was performed. PDP is performed 4 times a year and takes approximately 20 s to remove one side of a tooth. Therefore, PDP was performed for 1.5 min in each specimen to simulate a 1-year prophylaxis [14,15]. After PDP, color measurements were taken. All color measurements were done in a custom made color booth to standardize the environmental conditions during measurements and to prevent the ambient light from causing errors in color measurements [26]. The inside of the booth prepared in dimensions of 30 cm × 130 cm × 70 cm was covered with neutral gray background cardboard, as suggested in previous studies [27, 28]. The booth had a daylight-imitating lamp (Philips Master TL-D 90 De Luxe 18W/965 1SL 65000K, Eindhoven, Netherlands) and was in a dark room. Color measurements were performed on the center of the specimens with a spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade V, VITA Zahnfabrik, Germany). The spectrophotometer gives the three-dimensional color values of Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) L* (lightness), a* (red-green) and b* (blue-yellow) [29, 30]. The magnitude of the color change was calculated using the following formula [31–33]: ΔL', ΔC' and ΔH' are considered to be the differences in lightness, chroma and hue between color measurements. K L , K C and K H are parametric factors for the effect of monitoring and illumination conditions, adjusted to 1 in this study. R T is the function of the interaction of hue and chroma differences in the blue zone. S L , S C and S H are weighting functions for color difference adjustment, considering the position change of L*, a* and b* coordinates [34]. Statistical analysis was performed with a statistical software package (Statistical Analysis Software SAS 9.4, SAS Institute, USA). For the analysis of discoloration values, 3-way ANOVA test were applied. Bonferroni corrected post-hoc test were used if a significant mean difference was found in any of these two independent variables. Cohen d test, one of the commonly used post-power tests [35], was applied to determine the effect size of the analyses (α = 0.05). Results Results of 3-way ANOVA for color change values are shown in Table 2 . The effect of material, material-beverage on color for BAS-Day 1 was statistically different (p < 0.05). The effect of material, BLE, material-BLE, BLE-beverage, material-BLE-beverage on color for BAS-Day 14 was statistically different (p < 0.05). The effect of all other actions except material-BLE-beverage on color for BAS-Day 28 was statistically different (p < 0.05). The effect of material, material-BLE, material-beverage, BLE-beverage, material-BLE-beverage on color for BAS-PDP was statistically different (p < 0.05). The effect of material, material-BLE on color for Day 1-Day 14 was statistically different (p < 0.05). The effect of all other actions except beverage on color for Day 14-Day 28 was statistically different (p < 0.05). The effect of material, material-BLE, beverage on color for Day 28-PDP was statistically different (p < 0.05). Table 2 Results of 3-way ANOVA Source SS MS FValue ProbF Cohend BAS-Day 1 Material 38.205 9.551 6.932 0.000 0.785 BLE 0.131 0.131 0.095 0.758 0.046 Material-BLE 70.639 17.660 12.818 0.000 1.067 Beverage 0.976 0.488 0.354 0.702 0.125 Material-Beverage 21.374 2.672 1.939 0.057 0.587 BLE-Beverage 0.964 0.482 0.350 0.705 0.125 Material-BLE-Beverage 15.137 1.892 1.373 0.211 0.494 BAS-Day 14 Material 20.412 5.103 6.496 0.000 0.760 BLE 10.654 10.654 13.564 0.000 0.549 Material-BLE 22.412 5.603 7.133 0.000 0.796 Beverage 0.690 0.345 0.439 0.645 0.140 Material-Beverage 12.375 1.547 1.969 0.053 0.592 BLE-Beverage 5.747 2.874 3.658 0.028 0.403 Material-BLE-Beverage 27.825 3.478 4.428 0.000 0.887 BAS-Day 28 Material 148.497 37.124 17.151 0.000 1.235 BLE 21.484 21.484 9.925 0.002 0.470 Material-BLE 109.624 27.406 12.661 0.000 1.061 Beverage 14.339 7.170 3.312 0.039 0.384 Material-Beverage 87.951 10.994 5.079 0.000 0.950 BLE-Beverage 19.202 9.601 4.436 0.013 0.444 Material-BLE-Beverage 17.752 2.219 1.025 0.419 0.427 BAS-PDP Material 153.277 38.319 17.979 0.000 1.264 BLE 0.150 0.150 0.070 0.791 0.040 Material-BLE 85.815 21.454 10.066 0.000 0.946 Beverage 7.209 3.604 1.691 0.187 0.274 Material-Beverage 39.091 4.886 2.293 0.023 0.638 BLE-Beverage 14.206 7.103 3.333 0.038 0.385 Material-BLE-Beverage 38.539 4.817 2.260 0.025 0.634 Day 1-Day 14 Material 74.935 18.734 11.954 0.000 1.031 BLE 2.058 2.058 1.313 0.253 0.171 Material-BLE 30.724 7.681 4.901 0.001 0.660 Beverage 0.231 0.116 0.074 0.929 0.057 Material-Beverage 10.206 1.276 0.814 0.591 0.380 BLE-Beverage 1.016 0.508 0.324 0.724 0.120 Material-BLE-Beverage 11.795 1.474 0.941 0.484 0.409 Day 14-Day 28 Material 187.317 46.829 19.849 0.000 1.328 BLE 46.353 46.353 19.647 0.000 0.661 Material-BLE 94.787 23.697 10.044 0.000 0.945 Beverage 10.937 5.468 2.318 0.101 0.321 Material-Beverage 44.933 5.617 2.381 0.018 0.651 BLE-Beverage 44.410 22.205 9.412 0.000 0.647 Material-BLE-Beverage 39.723 4.965 2.105 0.038 0.612 Day 28-PDP Material 96.620 24.155 9.486 0.000 0.918 BLE 0.184 0.184 0.072 0.789 0.040 Material-BLE 51.598 12.899 5.066 0.001 0.671 Beverage 20.991 10.496 4.122 0.018 0.428 Material-Beverage 23.076 2.885 1.133 0.343 0.449 BLE-Beverage 0.271 0.135 0.053 0.948 0.049 Material-BLE-Beverage 10.073 1.259 0.494 0.859 0.296 The results of the Bonferroni test for beverage-material are in Table 3 . For BAS-Day 1, the lowest color change was in the HC immersed in DIS and the highest color change was in ZLS-GLA immersed in DIS (∆E 00 = 2.6, p = 0.0001). For BAS-Day 14, the lowest color change was in HC immersed in SAM (∆E 00 = 0.9, p = 0.0015) and the highest color change was in ZLS-GLA immersed in SAM (∆E 00 = 2.3, p = 0.0015). For BAS-Day 28, the lowest color change was in HC immersed in DIS (∆E 00 = 1.3, p = 0.0001) and the highest color change was in FC-POL immersed in ENE (∆E 00 = 5.4, p = 0.0002). For BAS-PDP, the lowest color change was in ZLS-POL immersed in DIS (∆E 00 = 1.2, p = 0.0001) and the highest color change was in HC immersed in ENE (∆E 00 = 4.5, p = 0.0013). For Day 28-PDP, the lowest color change was in ZLS-POL immersed in DIS (∆E 00 = 1.3, p = 0.0001) and the highest color change was in FC-POL immersed in ENE (∆E 00 = 4.2, p = 0.0101). Table 3 Bonferroni test results of beverage-material ENE (n = 70) DIS (n = 70) SAM (n = 70) P 1 -value BAS-Day 1 FC-GLA 1.8 (1.54) 2.4 (2.13)a 1.3 (0.61) 0.1943 FC-POL 1.6 (1.21) 1.1 (0.44) b 1.9 (0.88) 0.0634 ZLS-GLA 2.3 (1.31) 2.6 (1.40) a 2.2 (1.84) 0.7868 ZLS-POL 1.1 (0.42) 0.9 (0.70) b 1.5 (2.24) 0.5283 HC 1.3 (1.06) 0.7 (0.82) b 1.6 (1.22) 0.0887 p-value 0.1123 0.0001 0.5378 BAS-Day 14 FC-GLA 1.9 (1.39) a 1.2 (1.16) 1.1 (0.48) c 0.1093 FC-POL 1.1 (0.63) b 1.5 (1.54) 1.6 (1.12) b 0.5137 ZLS-GLA 1.9 (0.80) a 1.9 (1.54) 2.3 (1.22) a 0.5789 ZLS-POL 1.0 (0.64) b 1.3 (0.78) 0.9 (0.46) c 0.1654 HC 1.4 (1.06) b 1.0 (0.79) 1.5 (0.98) b 0.2579 p-value 0.0316 0.3935 0.0015 BAS-Day 28 FC-GLA 2.6 (1.35) b,A 1.5 (1.01) c,B 2.6 (1.23) A 0.0271 FC-POL 5.4 (4.27) A,a 4.8 (1.20) a,A 2.4 (1.95) B 0.0177 ZLS-GLA 1.7 (1.07) c 2.2 (1.55) b 2.7 (1.09) 0.1299 ZLS-POL 2.1 (1.12) b 2.0 (1.35) b 2.1 (2.06) 0.9810 HC 2.7 (1.08) b,A 1.3 (0.81) c,B 1.9 (1.07) B 0.0028 p-value 0.0002 0.0001 0.6659 BAS-PDP FC-GLA 1.9 (0.97) b 1.8 (1.50) c 2.0 (0.33) c 0.8502 FC-POL 4.4 (5.03) a 3.5 (0.41) a 2.7 (1.35) b 0.3205 ZLS-GLA 2.2 (0.65) b 2.9 (1.77) b 2.7 (0.98) b 0.2888 ZLS-POL 1.5 (0.72) C,b 1.2 (0.74) c,B 2.0 (0.92) c,A 0.0716 HC 4.5 (1.24) a,A 2.9 (0.95) b,C 3.7 (0.82) a,B 0.0010 p-value 0.0013 0.0001 < 0.0001 Day 1-Day 14 FC-GLA 1.5 (2.10) b 1.5 (1.92) b 0.5 (0.46) c 0.2184 FC-POL 1.1 (0.39) b 1.0 (1.30) b 1.2 (0.44) b 0.9199 ZLS-GLA 2.2 (1.34) a 2.1 (2.15) a 2.4 (1.77) a 0.9292 ZLS-POL 0.9 (0.48) c 0.9 (0.53) b 1.3 (2.15) b 0.7320 HC 0.4 (0.24) c 0.4 (0.16) c 0.3 (0.28) c 0.9302 p-value 0.0017 0.0287 0.0008 Day 14-Day 28 FC-GLA 2.8 (1.85) b,A 1.6 (0.42) c,B 1.9 (0.89) b,B 0.0266 FC-POL 4.9 (4.63) a 4.1 (1.84) a 2.9 (2.33) a 0.2487 ZLS-GLA 2.2 (1.26) c 2.2 (2.16) b 3.2 (1.19) a 0.1272 ZLS-POL 2.1 (1.20) c 2.4 (1.51) b 2.0 (1.75) b 0.7405 HC 1.4 (0.38) d,A 0.8 (0.75) c,B 0.9 (0.44) c,B 0.0192 p-value 0.0027 0.0001 0.0006 Day 28-PDP FC-GLA 1.7 (0.84) b,B 1.5 (0.99) c,B 2.6 (0.66) A 0.0065 FC-POL 4.2 (4.53) a 2.4 (1.01) b 3.0 (1.61) 0.2431 ZLS-GLA 1.8 (0.81) b 1.6 (0.60) c 2.0 (1.10) 0.4761 ZLS-POL 1.9 (1.53) b 1.3 (1.25) c 2.5 (1.94) 0.1670 HC 3.6 (1.29) a 3.1 (1.17) a 3.3 (0.95) 0.5254 p-value 0.0101 0.0001 0.1085 1 ANOVA F-test p-value: Same superscript lowercase letters represent no significant difference in columns and same superscript capital letters indicate no significant difference in rows. Bonferroni test results of BLE-material are shown in Table 4 . For BAS-Day 1, the lowest color change was in non-BLE HC (∆E 00 = 0.5, p < 0.0001) and the highest color change was in non-BLE ZLS-GLA (∆E 00 = 2.8, p < 0.0001). For BAS-Day 14, the lowest color change was in HC without BLE (∆E 00 = 0.7, p < 0.0001) and the highest color change was in ZLS-GLA with BLE (∆E 00 = 2.3, p = 0.0011). For BAS-Day 28, the lowest color change was in BLE-treated ZLS-GLA (∆E 00 = 1.2, p < 0.0001) and the highest color change was in BLE-treated FC-POL (∆E 00 = 5.4, p < 0.0001). For BAS-PDP, the lowest color change was in non-BLE ZLS-POL (∆E 00 = 1.5, p < 0.0001) and the highest color change was in BLE FC-POL (∆E 00 = 4.6, p < 0.0001). For Day 28-PDP, the lowest color change was in BLE-treated ZLS-POL (∆E 00 = 1.5, p = 0.0006) and the highest color change was in non-BLE-treated HC (∆E 00 = 4.6, p < 0.0001). Table 4 Bonferroni test results of BLE-material No (n = 105) Yes (n = 105) p-value BAS-Day 1 FC-GLA 1.2 (1.19) b 2.4 (1.73) a 0.0122 FC-POL 2.2 (0.66) a 0.8 (0.62) c < 0.0001 ZLS-GLA 2.8 (1.99) a 1.8 (0.35) b 0.0246 ZLS-POL 1.4 (1.84) b 0.9 (0.54) c 0.2412 HC 0.5 (0.51) c 2.0 (1.03) a < 0.0001 p-value < 0.0001 < 0.0001 BAS-Day 14 FC-GLA 0.9 (0.40) b 1.9 (1.38) a 0.0040 FC-POL 1.5 (0.35) a 1.4 (1.61) b 0.7361 ZLS-GLA 1.8 (1.25) a 2.3 (1.14) a 0.1634 ZLS-POL 1.3 (0.77) a 0.9 (0.44) b 0.0306 HC 0.7 (0.44) b 2.0 (0.88) a < 0.0001 p-value < 0.0001 0.0011 BAS-Day 28 FC-GLA 1.8 (0.75) b 2.7 (1.56) b 0.0239 FC-POL 3.0 (1.35) a 5.4 (3.74) a 0.0094 ZLS-GLA 3.2 (0.77) a 1.2 (0.83) c < 0.0001 ZLS-POL 1.5 (1.29) b 2.7 (1.53) b 0.0091 HC 1.6 (0.89) b 2.3 (1.23) b 0.0273 p-value < 0.0001 < 0.0001 BAS-PDP FC-GLA 1.8 (0.77) d 2.0 (1.24) c 0.4350 FC-POL 2.5 (0.96) c 4.6 (3.96) a 0.0263 ZLS-GLA 3.4 (1.18) b 1.7 (0.55) c < .0001 ZLS-POL 1.5 (0.99) d 1.7 (0.66) c 0.5469 HC 4.2 (1.15) a 3.2 (0.98) b 0.0021 p-value < 0.0001 < 0.0001 Day 1-Day 14 FC-GLA 0.7 (1.30) c 1.7 (1.90) a 0.0503 FC-POL 1.1 (0.43) b 1.1 (1.07) b 0.9027 ZLS-GLA 2.9 (2.17) a 1.6 (0.83) a 0.0159 ZLS-POL 1.4 (1.75) b 0.7 (0.29) b 0.0875 HC 0.4 (0.24) c 0.3 (0.22) c 0.2482 p-value < 0.0001 < 0.0001 Day 14-Day 28 FC-GLA 1.7 (0.64) b 2.5 (1.65) b 0.0519 FC-POL 2.2 (0.95) a 5.7 (3.69) a 0.0001 ZLS-GLA 2.4 (1.82) a 2.7 (1.48) b 0.5397 ZLS-POL 2.0 (1.66) a 2.3 (1.29) b 0.5344 HC 1.1 (0.65) c 0.9 (0.52) c 0.2117 p-value 0.0196 < 0.0001 Day 28-PDP FC-GLA 1.8 (0.84) b 2.1 (1.02) b 0.4112 FC-POL 2.4 (1.21) b 4.0 (3.74) a 0.0676 ZLS-GLA 1.9 (1.00) b 1.7 (0.71) c 0.5324 ZLS-POL 2.2 (1.67) b 1.6 (1.57) c 0.2270 HC 4.0 (0.90) a 2.7 (0.93) b < 0.0001 p-value < 0.0001 0.0006 The results of the Bonferroni test of BLE- beverage are in Table 5 . The values between specimens with and without BLE immersed in ENE for BAS-Day 14 (p = 0.0149), in ENE or SAM for BAS-Day 28 (p = 0.0496, p = 0074, respectively), and in ENE or SAM for Day 14-Day 28 (p = 0.0039, p = 0.0002, respectively) were statistically different. Table 5 Bonferroni test results of BLE-beverage No (n = 105) Yes (n = 105) p-value BAS-Day 1 ENE 1.6 (1.24) 1.6 (1.18) 0.9579 DIS 1.5 (1.54) 1.6 (1.37) 0.8333 SAM 1.8 (1.91) 1.6 (0.87) 0.5032 p-value 0.7041 0.9380 BAS-Day 14 ENE 1.2 (0.57) 1.8 (1.24) 0.0149 DIS 1.4 (1.18) 1.4 (1.27) 0.9934 SAM 1.1 (0.52) 1.9 (1.22) 0.0009 p-value 0.3879 0.1915 BAS-Day 28 ENE 2.3 (0.96) 3.5 (3.31) 0.0496 DIS 2.4 (1.53) 2.2 (1.92) 0.6186 SAM 1.9 (1.20) 2.8 (1.67) 0.0074 p-value 0.1299 0.1033 BAS-PDP ENE 2.6 (1.56) 3.2 (3.43) 0.2995 DIS 2.7 (1.55) 2.2 (1.23) 0.1061 SAM 2.7 (1.18) 2.5 (1.05) 0.3030 p-value 0.8541 0.1193 Day 1-Day 14 ENE 1.2 (1.09) 1.2 (1.45) 0.9864 DIS 1.3 (1.80) 1.1 (1.18) 0.4764 SAM 1.3 (1.88) 1.0 (0.77) 0.3426 p-value 0.9628 0.6816 Day 14-Day 28 ENE 1.8 (1.05) 3.6 (3.32) 0.0039 DIS 2.4 (1.69) 2.0 (1.92) 0.4277 SAM 1.5 (0.86) 2.9 (1.96) 0.0002 p-value 0.0101 0.0427 Day 28-PDP ENE 2.6 (1.60) 2.7 (3.09) 0.9696 DIS 2.1 (1.33) 1.9 (1.06) 0.5992 SAM 2.7 (1.17) 2.7 (1.56) 0.8857 p-value 0.1131 0.2363 Bonferroni test results for material, beverage and BLE are in Table 6 . For BAS-Day 1, the ranking of material color change was ZLS-GLA > FC-GLA > FC-POL > ZLS-POL > HC (p = 0.0003). The ranking of material color change for BAS-Day 14 was ZLS-GLA > FC-POL > FC-GLA > FC-GLA > HC > ZLS-POL (p = 0.0011). For BAS-Day 28, the ranking of material color change was FC-POL > FC-GLA = ZLS-GLA > ZLS-POL > HC (p FC-POL > ZLS-GLA > FC-GLA > ZLS-POL (p FC-POL > ZLS-POL > FC-GLA > ZLS-GLA (p SAM > DIS (p = 0.0355). For BAS-Day 14, BAS-Day 28 and Day 14-Day 28, the values in BLE-treated specimens were higher than those in non-BLE-treated specimens (p = 0.0022, p = 0.0181, p = 0.0009, respectively). Table 6 Bonferroni test results for material, beverage and BLE FC-GLA (n = 42) FC-POL (n = 42) ZLS-GLA (n = 42) ZLS-POL (n = 42) HC (n = 42) p-Value BAS-Day 1 1.8 (1.59) B 1.5 (0.94) B 2.3 (1.51) A 1.2 (1.36) C 1.2 (1.09) C 0.0003 BAS-Day 14 1.4 (1.12) B 1.4 (1.15) B 2.0 (1.21) A 1.1 (0.66) C 1.3 (0.96) B 0.0011 BAS-Day 28 2.2 (1.29) B 4.2 (3.03) A 2.2 (1.29) B 2.1 (1.52) B 2.0 (1.13) B < 0.0001 BAS-PDP 1.9 (1.03) C 3.5 (3.03) A 2.6 (1.23) B 1.6 (0.83) C 3.7 (1.19) A < 0.0001 Day 1-Day 14 1.2 (1.69) B 1.1 (0.81) B 2.2 (1.74) A 1.0 (1.29) B 0.4 (0.23) C < 0.0001 Day 14-Day 28 2.1 (1.29) B 4.0 (3.21) A 2.5 (1.64) B 2.2 (1.48) B 1.0 (0.59) C < 0.0001 Day 28-PDP 1.9 (0.93) B 3.2 (2.87) A 1.8 (0.86) B 1.9 (1.63) B 3.3 (1.14) A < 0.0001 ENE (n = 70) DIS (n = 70) SAM (n = 70) p-value BAS-Day 1 1.6 (1.20) 1.5 (1.45) 1.7 (1.48) 0.7742 BAS-Day 14 1.5 (1.00) 1.4 (1.21) 1.5 (1.01) 0.7438 BAS-Day 28 2.9 (2.49) 2.3 (1.72) 2.3 (1.52) 0.1569 BAS-PDP 2.9 (2.66) 2.5 (1.42) 2.6 (1.12) 0.3539 Day 1-Day 14 1.2 (1.27) 1.2 (1.51) 1.1 (1.44) 0.9437 Day 14-Day 28 2.7 (2.60) 2.2 (1.81) 2.2 (1.66) 0.2794 Day 28-PDP 2.7 (2.44) A 2.0 (1.20) B 2.7 (1.37) A 0.0355 No (n = 105) Yes (n = 105) p-value BAS-Day 1 1.6 (1.57) 1.6 (1.15) 0.7934 BAS-Day 14 1.2 (0.81) 1.7 (1.25) 0.0022 BAS-Day 28 2.2 (1.27) 2.9 (2.44) 0.0181 BAS-PDP 2.7 (1.43) 2.6 (2.21) 0.8354 Day 1-Day 14 1.3 (1.62) 1.1 (1.16) 0.3087 Day 14-Day 28 1.9 (1.30) 2.8 (2.54) 0.0009 Day 28-PDP 2.5 (1.40) 2.4 (2.10) 0.8103 On BAS-Day 1, ZLS-GLA (∆E 00 = 2.3) had the highest color change and HC (∆E 00 = 1.2) had the lowest (P = 0.0003). At BAS-Day 14, ZLS-GLA (∆E 00 = 2.3) had the highest color change and ZLS-POL (∆E00 = 1.2) had the lowest (P = 0.0011). At BAS-Day 28, FC-POL (∆E 00 = 4.2) had the highest color change and HC (∆E 00 = 2.0) had the lowest (P < 0.0001). At Day 1-Day 14, ZLS-GLA (∆E 00 = 2.2) had the highest color change and HC (∆E 00 = 0.4) had the lowest (P = 0.0001). At Day 14-Day 28, FC-POL had the highest color change (∆E 00 = 4.0) and HC had the lowest (∆E 00 = 1.0) (P < 0.0001). At Day 28-PDP, HC (∆E 00 = 3.3) had the highest color change and ZLS-GLA (∆E 00 = 1.8) had the lowest (P < 0.0001). At BAS-Day 28, beverage color change tended to be highest in ENE (∆E 00 = 2.9) and lowest in DIS (∆E 00 = 2.3) (P < 0.05). At Day 28-PDP, the highest color change for the beverage was in ENE (∆E 00 = 2.7) and the lowest in DIS (∆E 00 = 2.0) (P = 0.0355). At BAS-Day 14, regardless of material and beverage, when BLE was analyzed, the color change in BLE-treated (∆E 00 = 1.7) specimens was higher than in untreated (∆E 00 = 1.2) specimens (P = 0.0022). At BAS-Day 28, regardless of material and beverage, when BLE was analyzed, the color change in BLE-treated (∆E 00 = 2.9) specimens was higher than in untreated (∆E 00 = 2.2) specimens (P = 0.0181). At Day 14-Day 28, regardless of material and beverage, when BLE was analyzed, the color change in the BLE treated (∆E 00 = 2.8) was higher than that in untreated (∆E 00 = 1.9) specimens (P = 0.0009). Discussion In this study, two hypotheses were rejected, because material/polishing method, BLE, beverages and PDP led to discoloration of the tested materials. The ∆E 00 color difference formula is reported to be superior to the previously used formula (∆E ab ) in terms of perceptibility and acceptability of color difference [36]. This formula, developed by the CIE in 2013, is considered the standard for color difference detection [37]. The ∆E ab formula basically measures the distance between two points in color space, whereas the ∆E 00 formula includes the luminance effect by adding S L . Therefore, the ∆E 00 color difference formula was chosen for this study. In previous studies testing CAD-CAM FC [31], ZLS [32] and HC [33], 0.8/1.8 was found to be appropriate for PT/AT values; therefore, 0.8/1.8 was chosen for PT/AT in this study. A limitation of this study is the possibility that spectrophotometers may introduce edge loss error [38]. Despite this possibility, contact spectrophotometers are widely used to detect color differences in translucent materials [39]. Previous studies had shown that the Vita Easyhade spectrophotometer could be used for teeth [40], polymethylmethacrylates [41], resin composites [42] and ceramics [15]. Klotz et al. [43] reported that the Vita Easyshade device gave reliable results, even to the extent that it was not affected by environmental light. Dozic et al. [44] stated that Vita Easyshade can make reliable measurements compared with some colorimeters and digital cameras and explained that these three different types of devices can be tested in in vitro studies. Igiel et al. [45] stated that given their accuracy (from 66.8–92.6%) and precision (from 87.4–99.0%), it is an excellent example among color determination methods. Therefore, the Vita Easyshade V device was used in this study. A custom made color booth was prepared to ensure standardization and to prevent the ambient light from causing errors [26]. According to the results, the color change exceeded the AT after 28 days in all specimens, regardless of the beverage in which they were immersed, except for FC-GLA and HC specimens immersed in DIS. Between day 1 and day 14, AT was exceeded in all other specimens, except for ZLS-GLA immersed in DIS, ENE or SAM. From day 14 to day 28, AT was exceeded only in FC-GLA immersed in DIS and not in HC immersed in DIS, ENE or SAM. When the color change values obtained from BAS to day 1, BAS to day 14 or BAS to day 28 were examined, no specimens, regardless of the beverage in which they were immersed, had a color change lower than PT. In this study, a new HP formula (25% HPS) was used for in-office BLE. In this study, BLE was found to be influenced in color change of restorative materials, which was consistent with previous studies [12, 46–49]. In this study, CAD-CAM HC was more influenced by BLE than ceramics. Yılmaz and Gul [10] reported that materials containing resin composites can be influenced by external factors due to the monomer and particle structure of the organic matrix. Conventional in-office BLE gels mostly contain 30–35% HP [10, 11]. It has been reported by the manufacturer that 25% HPS has a different content than conventional in-office BLE gels and therefore is more effective [13]. It was necessary to investigate this claim. In previous studies [12, 46] the 6% formulation of HPS used for at-home BLE was tested and the magnitude of the effect was found increased with time. In this study, 25% HPS produced a similarly noticeable effect on the materials tested. According to the results, at the end of 28 days, the color change did not exceed AT in FC-GLA, ZLS-POL and HC specimens without BLE, but exceeded it in specimens with BLE (p = 0.0239, p = 0.0091, p = 0.0273, respectively). These results were possibly due to the amount of content and concentration. In contrast to conventional BLE gels, HPS contains CP and vinyl pyrrolidone peroxide in combination, as well as heat-reversible poloxamer to adjust the viscosity. When the gel comes into contact with the tooth surface, an exothermic reaction cycle occurs, resulting in an increase in the magnitude of the effect. When the BLE agent contacts the surface of a ceramic material for a long time, it may cause surface deterioration as in resin composites [10, 11, 22]. Free radicals such as H + and H 3 O + produced by alkali ions infiltrate into the material matrix and cause dissolution of ceramic glass networks, disintegration of SiO 2 and K 2 O 2 components, abrasion of the surface, destruction of chromogens and formation of a less light-reflecting surface [22, 50]. The quality of surface polishability reduces the magnitude of exposure to external factors [49]. Alshali et al. [48] reported that the polishability quality may change depending on the material structure. In this study, when the results of BLE treated ceramic specimens after 28 days were analysed, it was found that mechanically polished FC was more influenced than glazed FC, mechanically polished ZLS was more influenced than glazed FC and ceramics were more influenced than hybrid ceramics (p < 0.0001). Previous studies [49, 51] had reported that the application time is significant in the effect of BLE on ceramics. Similar to this study, the number of studies in which glazed and mechanically polished ceramics were examined together is insufficient, and studies [21, 23, 47, 52] found that glazed surfaces were less affected than mechanically polished surfaces in parallel with this study. The researchers reported that the magnitude of the effect of BLE is related to the application time. The different structural properties of the materials may influence the magnitude of BLE damage. In previous studies [53–55], researchers have reported that the crystal phase structure, shape, size, and material content of the materials are influential in the external exposure of ceramic surfaces, but it is difficult to determine which is the primary factor. Further studies on this subject are necessary. In this study, at the end of 28 days, the magnitude of the effect of BLE was FC-POL > FC-GLA = ZLS-POL > ZLS-GLA > HC, respectively (p < 0.0001). FCs have a silicate-based microstructure with 4 µm grains, while ZLSs have a glassy, lithium disilicate-containing microstructure in which needle-shaped particles coexist with zirconia particles (56–58). Ramos et al. [58] reported that the pores of FCs are well coated by glazing, so they are resistant to external factors. Similarly, glazing can provide a better shield against external factors in ZLSs. In this study, mechanical polishing exhibited higher resistance to external factors compared to glazing, which may be due to the lack of a glaze layer that protects the porous structure of FC and the long-irregular rod structure of ZLS with zirconia particles. The microstructural character of HC, which contains oxygen, silicon, aluminium, sodium and potassium in a similar ratio to ceramics, may have been effective in the color change of HC that exceeds AT similar to ceramics [58, 59]. Dental materials can be discolored over time by saliva or acidic beverages [60–62]. In this study, RedBull energy beverage with a pH of 3.18 was used [19]. Silva et al. [19] reported that the surface degrading effect of RedBull varied with consumption frequency and time. Mosallam et al. [23] found that even when carbon dioxide evaporated from energy beverages, the pH level remained low. Dos Santos et al. [63] reported that citric acid in carbonated beverages is the main factor for material surface degradation. Acidic beverages for dental ceramics cause selective extraction of alkali metal ions with low stabilisation in the glass matrix. Insufficient polymerisation of the material, water absorption and the pigment type of the beverage for resin-containing ceramics are important factors [64]. ENE and SAM used in this study, contain citric acid and staining pigments. The staining pigments contained in these beverages possibly caused the discoloration and over time the acid caused the surface of the material to deteriorate, facilitating the retention of the pigment. In this study, FC-POL immersed in ENE had the highest color change after 28 days (∆E 00 = 5.4, p = 0.0002) and HC immersed in DIS had the lowest color change (∆E 00 = 1.3, p = 0.0001). Hybrid ceramics may be more resistant to color change because they contain different types and amounts of resins than conventional resin composites [17]. According to the BLE-beverage interaction, at the end of 28 days, the highest color change was found in the specimens with BLE and immersed in ENE (∆E 00 = 3.5, p = 0.0496), and the lowest in the specimens without BLE and immersed in SAM (∆E 00 = 1.9, p = 0.0074). When the literature was reviewed, no study on the effect of energy beverages on HC was found, but a few studies [18,20 on the effect of energy beverages on ZLS were found and in these studies, it was reported that low pH and dietary habits affected on the effect of energy beverages on discoloration. Since energy beverage consumption increased especially in young people after the Covid-19 pandemic, this type of study was needed [20]. The other beverage whose consumption increased after Covid-19 was an immune-boosting beverage with Sambucus Nigra, and there was no evidence in the literature on the effect of this beverage on the color of dental materials. There are many studies investigating the effect of beverages on the color of restorative materials. These studies mostly include beverages such as tea, coffee, cola, and wine [1, 5, 8, 18]. There is no study in the literature on the effect of black elderberry immune-boosting beverage, whose consumption has increased since the Covid-19 pandemic due to its antiviral properties, on the color of ceramic [65, 66]. Tokuc and Sukur (65) evaluated resin composites for white spot lesions in their study on children's teeth. Consistent with this study, Sambucus Nigra caused clinically unacceptable color change. In this study, after 28 days, SAM tended to produce a color change similar to DIS. The fact that the specimens had been subjected to BLE increased the magnitude of color change due to SAM. PDP is a polishing procedure that the majority of clinicians perform after prosthetic treatment to remove discoloration and plaque deposits [67]. Nowadays, a new generation of PDP pastes with lower dentin abrasiveness has been developed and their effects on dental materials should be investigated. This study is in agreement with the study of Elhamid and Mosallam [23] who investigated the effect of PDP on resin composites. Depending on the type of paste, the effect of PDP on the surface may differ [68]. In this study, a paste containing fine silica particles with a RDA of 7 was used. According to the findings of this study, PDP is effective for restoring the color of materials discolored by beverages. This restoring effect was most successful in ZLS-GLA and HC for ENE, FC-GLA, ZLS-GLA and HC for DIS, and FC-POL and HC for SAM. Regardless of the beverage, when BLE and non-BLE specimens were compared, color recovery was more successful in non-BLE specimens; HC and ZLS-GA were superior to other materials in this respect. Regardless of the material, when evaluated in terms of BLE-beverage, color recovery was better in all specimens without BLE and immersed in DIS, ENE or SAM compared to those with BLE. A limitation of this study is that intraoral conditions cannot be fully simulated. Exposing both sides of the specimens to beverages does not fully represent clinical scenarios where only one side is mostly exposed to colorants. This study adds to the literature in many ways, but future in vivo and in vitro studies are needed to investigate the effects of immune-boosting beverages, energy beverages, bleaching and new PDP paste on the surface properties of newly developed CAD-CAM materials. Conclusions The results within the limitations of this study are as follows: 1. After 28 days, the highest color change was in FC-POL immersed to ENE and the lowest in HC immersed to DIS. Color recovery by PDP was most effective in HC specimens immersed ENE, DIS or SAM. 2. The BLE treatment of the materials resulted in a higher magnitude of color change due to beverages. In both BLE and non-BLE HC specimens, PDP provided effective correction of color. At the end of 28 days, the highest color change was found in specimens immersed in ENE and BLE, and the lowest in specimens immersed in SAM and no BLE. Color recovery was lower in BLE treated specimens compared to non-BLE treated specimens, regardless of the beverage in which they were immersed. 3. In terms of material, FC-POL had the highest color change and HC the lowest, while in terms of beverage, ENE had the highest color change and SAM and DIS the lowest. Declarations Competing interests The authors have no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. Funding Declaration The authors do not have any financial interest in the companies whose materials are included in this article. Data availability The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and its supplementary materials. Author contributions K.Y. Creation of the methodology, preparation of specimens, performing the tests, writing the manuscript. E.Ö. Writing the tables and figures, visualisation, writing the manuscript. F. G. Project administration, validation, writing the manuscript. Acknowledgements I would like to thank, Pharmacist Gülşah Akbülbül Yılmaz for her efforts. , References Koçak EF, Ekren O, Johnston WM, Uçar Y. Analysis of color differences in stained contemporary esthetic dental materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2021;126(3):438–45. Paolone G, Mandurino M, De Palma F, Mazzitelli C, Scotti N, Breschi L, et al. Color stability of polymer-based composite CAD/CAM blocks: a systematic review. 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Supplementary Files BeveragecontainingSambucusNigrausedinthestudy.jpg Colorbooth.jpg Measurementofcoloronthespecimenwithusingspectrophotometer.jpg Beginningofcolormeasurementwithspectrophotometer.jpg PDPpasteusedinthestudy.jpg Rotatingpartfortransferringthebleachingagent.jpg SomeZLSGLAspecimensafterPDPrandomlyselectedwithoutregardtobeverage..jpg SambucolEffervescentusedinthestudy.jpg SomeFCGLAspecimensafterPDPrandomlyselectedwithoutregardtobeverage.jpg SomeFCGLABLEspecimensafterPDPrandomlyselectedwithoutregardtobeverage.jpg SomeFCPOLspecimensafterPDPrandomlyselectedwithoutregardtobeverage.jpg SomeFCPOLBLEspecimensafterPDPrandomlyselectedwithoutregardtobeverage.jpg Penwithbleachingagent.jpg SomeHCspecimensafterPDPrandomlyselectedwithoutregardtobeverage.jpg SomeHCBLEspecimensafterPDPrandomlyselectedwithoutregardtobeverage.jpg ApplyingthePDPpaste.jpg Distilledwaterusedinthestudy300.jpg SomeZLSPOLspecimensafterPDPrandomlyselectedwithoutregardtobeverage.jpg Spectrophotometerdeviceusedinthestudy.jpg SomeZLSPOLBLEspecimensafterPDPrandomlyselectedwithoutregardtobeverage.jpg ApplicationofHPSagent.jpg Energbeverageusedinthestudy.jpg SomeZLSGLABLEspecimensafterPDPrandomlyselectedwithoutregardtobeverage.jpg Officebleachingsetusedinthestudy.jpg Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 17 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in BMC Oral Health → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 16 Jul, 2024 Reviews received at journal 14 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 12 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 12 Jul, 2024 Reviews received at journal 10 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 10 Jul, 2024 Reviews received at journal 10 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 09 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 09 Jul, 2024 Reviews received at journal 07 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 07 Jul, 2024 Reviews received at journal 06 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 06 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 06 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 05 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 04 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 04 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 04 Jul, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 04 Jul, 2024 Editor invited by journal 04 Jul, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 04 Jul, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 04 Jul, 2024 First submitted to journal 20 Jun, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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03:47:29","extension":"jpg","order_by":19,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":107406,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Spectrophotometerdeviceusedinthestudy.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4612586/v1/9d7e1f1b4025e845cad148c5.jpg"},{"id":61275724,"identity":"5d8bb89b-d67d-4799-b895-ad2cd85dd062","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-07-29 03:39:30","extension":"jpg","order_by":20,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":147719,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SomeZLSPOLBLEspecimensafterPDPrandomlyselectedwithoutregardtobeverage.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4612586/v1/331a14d7358b21346f7417e5.jpg"},{"id":61276379,"identity":"4688b946-e1e1-4875-97c9-8c3bd686067c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-07-29 03:47:30","extension":"jpg","order_by":21,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":329826,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ApplicationofHPSagent.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4612586/v1/a17d55a362c3759243a06c22.jpg"},{"id":61275733,"identity":"ca83056c-e967-40e2-a0b7-e12048e4ec06","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-07-29 03:39:31","extension":"jpg","order_by":22,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":315231,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Energbeverageusedinthestudy.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4612586/v1/823888c42ac2a3d67d0c73aa.jpg"},{"id":61276380,"identity":"f537522e-4959-4ba6-9ba4-1e0544c9cecb","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-07-29 03:47:30","extension":"jpg","order_by":23,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":332219,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SomeZLSGLABLEspecimensafterPDPrandomlyselectedwithoutregardtobeverage.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4612586/v1/aaa0abc40288a5153539d2ff.jpg"},{"id":61275728,"identity":"372ca096-945a-4d7e-bdeb-790cd8fb6806","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-07-29 03:39:30","extension":"jpg","order_by":24,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":288394,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Officebleachingsetusedinthestudy.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4612586/v1/bb1406ab4251fd1adacc20ba.jpg"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Effect of immune-boosting beverage, energy beverage, hydrogen peroxide superior, polishing methods and fine-grained dental prophylaxis paste on color of CAD-CAM restorative materials","fulltext":[{"header":"Background","content":"\u003cp\u003eDental restorations performed in regions where appearance is crucial should keep their physical properties long-term [1]. Restorative materials made by computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) are frequently preferred for this purpose today. These types of materials may be glass ceramic, zirconium or resin based [2].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFeldspathic ceramics (FC) have a glassy structure containing a crystalline phase. In lithium disilicate ceramics, the metasilicate phase transforms into stronger disilicate phase by crystallization. Nowadays, zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate ceramics (ZLS) have been developed [3,4]. One of the new developed materials is hybrid ceramics (HC), which contain dimethacrylate polymers and have a binary network structure [5].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhile the smoothness of the surfaces of CAD-CAM ceramic materials can be performed by both glazing (GLA) and mechanical polishing (POL), GLA is not possible in resin-containing ceramics due to the loss of the organic matrix in firing [6,7]. On smoother surfaces, there would be less absorption of beverage-induced pigments to the material surface and consequently less discoloration would occur [8].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDuring the dental bleaching (BLE) process, when the BLE agent contacts the restoration surface, the existing physical features may change. BLE agents currently contain varying concentrations of carbamide peroxide (CP) or hydrogen peroxide (HP): 30\u0026ndash;35% HP is usually used for in-office techniques, while 10\u0026ndash;16% CP is commonly used at home [9]. In studies examining the effects of BLE with CP or HP on the restorative material, it was reported that BLE agents would degrade the surface integrity of the material by dissolving in the restorative material [10,11]. Nowadays, new BLE agents with different components have been developed and it is necessary to perform new studies to investigate the performance of these agents. The one of them is an office BLE agent containing 25% HP superior (HPS) [12,13].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRestorations discolored by beverages are polished regularly by clinicians to correct the color change of restorations and to remove dental plaque [14]. Current knowledge about professional dental prophylaxis (PDP), which is one of the methods applied for this purpose, is inadequate [15,16]. In recent years, various PDP pastes have been introduced to the market and there is a need for current research on these pastes with abrasives with low relative dentin abrasiveness (RDA) [17].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eStudies examining the effect of beverages on the color of restorative materials have mostly focused on beverages such as tea, coffee, cola and wine [1,5,8,18]. After the Covid-19 pandemic, people's consumption habits have changed and as a result, the consumption of energy beverages has increased [19]. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of energy beverages on the color of CAD-CAM restorative materials. Another beverage with increasing consumption is black elderberry (Sambucus Nigra). This beverage, which is used as a treatment support in the Covid-19 pandemic, may change the color of dental materials because it contains anthocyanin [20]. There is no study on the effect of beverage with Sambucus Nigra on the color of CAD-CAM ceramic or hybrid ceramic materials. There are several studies [7,15,21\u0026ndash;23] examining the effect of polishing methods, BLE or PDP on the color of CAD-CAM restorative materials, but no study has examined these variables together. For these reasons, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of energy beverage and immune-boosting beverage with Sambucus Nigra, in-office BLE with HPS and PDP on color of CAD-CAM FC, ZLS and HC. The null hypotheses were that (i) material/polishing method, BLE, beverages would have no effect on the color of tested materials and (ii) PDP would have no effect on the color recovery of discolored materials.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Methods","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe materials used and the study design are displayed in Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e and in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, respectively. Using a diamond saw cutting machine (Micracut 201, Metkon, Turkey), 2 mm thick rectangular shaped specimens were obtained from FC, ZLS and HC blocks (N\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;210). A total of 84 FC specimens were equally divided into two groups according to the polishing method (GLA or POL). A total of 84 ZLS specimens were also divided into two groups in the same way. These groups were further divided into two more groups of equal numbers, with and without prior BLE. A total of 42 HC specimens were prepared and divided into two groups of equal numbers, one with and without prior BLE.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaterials tested in the study\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaterial\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCode\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eType\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComposition\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eManufacturer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerec C\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFeldspathic glass matrix ceramic\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56\u0026ndash;64% SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, 20\u0026ndash;23% Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, 6\u0026ndash;9% Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO, 6\u0026ndash;8% K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSirona Dental, Beinsheim, Germany\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVita Suprinity\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eZLS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eZirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56%-64% SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, 1%-4% Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, 15%-22% Li\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO, 8%-12% ZrO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, 1%-4% K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO (\u0026sim;0.5 \u0026micro;m)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen,Germany\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVita Enamic\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePolymer-infiltrated ceramic network\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86% inorganic (58\u0026ndash;63% SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e, 20\u0026ndash;23% Al\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e, 6\u0026ndash;11% Na\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO, 4\u0026ndash;6% K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO, 0.5\u0026ndash;2% B\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e), 11\u0026ndash;14% organic (methacrylate polymer, UDMA, TEGDMA)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen,Germany\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCavex Bite\u0026amp;White In-Office\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBLE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOffice bleaching gel\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25% hydrogen peroxide superior, thickeners, pH regulators, reversible poloxamer,\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eglycerine\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCavex Holland BV, Haarlem, Netherlands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRed Bull\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eENE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEnergizing beverage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGlucose, citric acid, carbodioxide, sodium bicarbonate, taurine, caffeine, plain caramel, riboflavin, vitamins B3, B5, B6, B12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRed Bull GmbH, Salzburg, Austria\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSambucol Plus Effervescent Tablet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSAM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eImmune- boosting beverage with black elderberry\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBlack elderberry extract, citric acid, sodium hydrogen carbonate, L-ascorbic acid, zinc\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePharmacare Europe, UK\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProxyt Fine\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePDP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFine-grain professional prophylaxis paste\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSilica (RDA 7 size particles), water, glycerine, sorbite, xylit, anorganic fillers, natriumfluoride, flavor and pigments\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIvoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFC-GLA and ZLS-GLA specimens were glazed using appropriate glaze powder and liquid (Vita Akzent Plus, VITA Zahnfabrik, Germany) in accordance with the manufacturer\u0026apos;s recommendations. The HC specimens were only mechanically polished due to the microstructural limitation of containing resin content [24]. FC-POL, ZLS-POL and HC specimens were polished with a ceramic polishing set (Diasynt Plus HP, EVE Ernst Vetter, Germany). The specimens were controlled for thickness with a digital micrometer (Absolute Digimatic Caliper, Mitutoyo, Japan) and kept in an incubator (UM 400, Memmert, Germany) at 37\u0026deg;C for 24 hours.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBaseline color measurements (BAS) were taken in all specimens, and then a 25% HPS agent (Cavex Bite\u0026amp;White In-Office, Cavex Holland BV, Netherlands) was applied in the FC-GLA-BLE, FC-POL-BLE, ZLS-GLA-BLE, ZLS-POL-BLE and HC-BLE groups. For this purpose, a gel with a thickness of approximately 1 mm was applied to the specimen surface with an applicator and waited for 60 min. After BLE, the surfaces were washed, dried and color measurements were taken [12,13].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEach specimen was kept in its own 10 ml plastic container throughout the process. All specimens were immersed in the beverages. According to the manufacturers, the average consumption time for beverages such as tea or coffee are 15 minutes. In this case, 24 hours of storage in the beverage is roughly 1 month of consumption. To simulate a period of 2.5 years, a 28-day immersion period was applied, and color measurements were taken on the 1st, 14th and 28th days [25].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter immersion process, the specimens were washed, dried and then started to PDP. For this purpose, a dental angldruva (CrossPro, Anthogyr SA, France) operating at 16:1 speed was used and the rotational speed was set to 2500 rpm. A fine-particle prophylaxis paste (Proxyt Fine, Ivoclar Vivadent, Germany) was used as a paste. For each specimen, 0.05 mL of paste was applied to the specimen surface and POL was performed. PDP is performed 4 times a year and takes approximately 20 s to remove one side of a tooth. Therefore, PDP was performed for 1.5 min in each specimen to simulate a 1-year prophylaxis [14,15]. After PDP, color measurements were taken.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll color measurements were done in a custom made color booth to standardize the environmental conditions during measurements and to prevent the ambient light from causing errors in color measurements [26]. The inside of the booth prepared in dimensions of 30 cm \u0026times; 130 cm \u0026times; 70 cm was covered with neutral gray background cardboard, as suggested in previous studies [27, 28]. The booth had a daylight-imitating lamp (Philips Master TL-D 90 De Luxe 18W/965 1SL 65000K, Eindhoven, Netherlands) and was in a dark room. Color measurements were performed on the center of the specimens with a spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade V, VITA Zahnfabrik, Germany). The spectrophotometer gives the three-dimensional color values of Commission Internationale de l\u0026apos;Eclairage (CIE) L* (lightness), a* (red-green) and b* (blue-yellow) [29, 30]. The magnitude of the color change was calculated using the following formula [31\u0026ndash;33]:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg 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\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026Delta;L\u0026apos;, \u0026Delta;C\u0026apos; and \u0026Delta;H\u0026apos; are considered to be the differences in lightness, chroma and hue between color measurements. K\u003csub\u003eL\u003c/sub\u003e, K\u003csub\u003eC\u003c/sub\u003e and K\u003csub\u003eH\u003c/sub\u003e are parametric factors for the effect of monitoring and illumination conditions, adjusted to 1 in this study. R\u003csub\u003eT\u003c/sub\u003e is the function of the interaction of hue and chroma differences in the blue zone. S\u003csub\u003eL\u003c/sub\u003e, S\u003csub\u003eC\u003c/sub\u003e and S\u003csub\u003eH\u003c/sub\u003e are weighting functions for color difference adjustment, considering the position change of L*, a* and b* coordinates [34].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStatistical analysis was performed with a statistical software package (Statistical Analysis Software SAS 9.4, SAS Institute, USA). For the analysis of discoloration values, 3-way ANOVA test were applied. Bonferroni corrected post-hoc test were used if a significant mean difference was found in any of these two independent variables. Cohen d test, one of the commonly used post-power tests [35], was applied to determine the effect size of the analyses (\u0026alpha;\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.05).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003eResults of 3-way ANOVA for color change values are shown in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e. The effect of material, material-beverage on color for BAS-Day 1 was statistically different (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). The effect of material, BLE, material-BLE, BLE-beverage, material-BLE-beverage on color for BAS-Day 14 was statistically different (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). The effect of all other actions except material-BLE-beverage on color for BAS-Day 28 was statistically different (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). The effect of material, material-BLE, material-beverage, BLE-beverage, material-BLE-beverage on color for BAS-PDP was statistically different (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). The effect of material, material-BLE on color for Day 1-Day 14 was statistically different (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). The effect of all other actions except beverage on color for Day 14-Day 28 was statistically different (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). The effect of material, material-BLE, beverage on color for Day 28-PDP was statistically different (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eResults of 3-way ANOVA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSource\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFValue\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eProbF\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCohend\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"6\" rowspan=\"7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 1\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.205\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.551\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.932\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.785\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.131\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.131\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.095\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.758\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.046\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70.639\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.660\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.818\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.067\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.976\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.488\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.354\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.702\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.125\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.374\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.672\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.939\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.057\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.587\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.964\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.482\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.350\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.705\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.125\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.137\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.892\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.373\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.211\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.494\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"6\" rowspan=\"7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.412\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.103\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.496\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.760\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.654\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.654\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.564\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.549\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.412\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.603\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.133\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.796\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.690\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.345\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.439\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.645\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.140\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.375\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.547\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.969\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.053\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.592\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.747\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.874\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.658\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.028\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.403\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.825\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.478\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.428\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.887\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"6\" rowspan=\"7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e148.497\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37.124\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.151\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.235\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.484\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.484\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.925\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.002\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.470\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e109.624\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.406\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.661\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.061\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.339\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.170\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.312\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.039\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.384\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87.951\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.994\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.079\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.950\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.202\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.601\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.436\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.013\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.444\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.752\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.219\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.025\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.419\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.427\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"6\" rowspan=\"7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e153.277\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.319\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.979\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.264\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.150\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.150\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.070\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.791\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.040\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e85.815\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.454\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.066\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.946\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.209\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.604\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.691\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.187\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.274\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.091\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.886\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.293\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.023\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.638\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.206\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.103\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.333\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.038\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.385\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38.539\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.817\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.260\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.025\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.634\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"6\" rowspan=\"7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 1-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e74.935\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.734\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.954\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.031\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.058\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.058\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.313\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.253\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.171\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30.724\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.681\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.901\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.660\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.231\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.116\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.074\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.929\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.057\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.206\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.276\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.814\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.591\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.380\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.016\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.508\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.324\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.724\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.120\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.795\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.474\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.941\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.484\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.409\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"6\" rowspan=\"7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 14-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e187.317\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46.829\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.849\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.328\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46.353\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46.353\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.647\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.661\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e94.787\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.697\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.044\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.945\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.937\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.468\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.318\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.101\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.321\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e44.933\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.617\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.381\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.018\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.651\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e44.410\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.205\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.412\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.647\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39.723\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.965\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.105\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.038\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.612\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"6\" rowspan=\"7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 28-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e96.620\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.155\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.486\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.000\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.918\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.184\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.184\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.072\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.789\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.040\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.598\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.899\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.066\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.671\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.991\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.496\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.122\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.018\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.428\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.076\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.885\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.133\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.343\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.449\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.271\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.135\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.053\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.948\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.049\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMaterial-BLE-Beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.073\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.259\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.494\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.859\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.296\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results of the Bonferroni test for beverage-material are in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e. For BAS-Day 1, the lowest color change was in the HC immersed in DIS and the highest color change was in ZLS-GLA immersed in DIS (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.6, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0001). For BAS-Day 14, the lowest color change was in HC immersed in SAM (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.9, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0015) and the highest color change was in ZLS-GLA immersed in SAM (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.3, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0015). For BAS-Day 28, the lowest color change was in HC immersed in DIS (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.3, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0001) and the highest color change was in FC-POL immersed in ENE (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;5.4, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0002). For BAS-PDP, the lowest color change was in ZLS-POL immersed in DIS (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.2, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0001) and the highest color change was in HC immersed in ENE (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;4.5, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0013). For Day 28-PDP, the lowest color change was in ZLS-POL immersed in DIS (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.3, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0001) and the highest color change was in FC-POL immersed in ENE (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;4.2, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0101).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBonferroni test results of beverage-material\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eENE (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;70)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDIS (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;70)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSAM (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;70)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 1\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 (1.54)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 (2.13)a\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 (0.61)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1943\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (1.21)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (0.44)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (0.88)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0634\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 (1.31)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 (1.40)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.84)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7868\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (0.42)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9 (0.70)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (2.24)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5283\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 (1.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7 (0.82)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (1.22)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0887\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1123\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5378\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (1.39)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (1.16)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (0.48)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1093\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (0.63)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (1.54)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (1.12)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5137\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (0.80)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (1.54)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 (1.22)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5789\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0 (0.64)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 (0.78)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9 (0.46)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1654\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 (1.06)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0 (0.79)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (0.98)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.2579\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0316\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.3935\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0015\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 (1.35)\u003csup\u003eb,A\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (1.01)\u003csup\u003ec,B\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 (1.23)\u003csup\u003eA\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0271\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 (4.27)\u003csup\u003eA,a\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 (1.20)\u003csup\u003ea,A\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 (1.95)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0177\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 (1.07)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.55)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (1.09)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1299\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 (1.12)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 (1.35)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 (2.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9810\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (1.08)\u003csup\u003eb,A\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 (0.81)\u003csup\u003ec,B\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (1.07)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0028\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0002\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6659\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (0.97)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 (1.50)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 (0.33)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8502\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 (5.03)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 (0.41)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (1.35)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.3205\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (0.65)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 (1.77)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (0.98)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.2888\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (0.72)\u003csup\u003eC,b\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (0.74)\u003csup\u003ec,B\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 (0.92)\u003csup\u003ec,A\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0716\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 (1.24)\u003csup\u003ea,A\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 (0.95)\u003csup\u003eb,C\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 (0.82)\u003csup\u003ea,B\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0010\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0013\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 1-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (2.10)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (1.92)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5 (0.46)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.2184\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (0.39)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0 (1.30)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (0.44)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9199\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.34)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 (2.15)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 (1.77)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9292\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9 (0.48)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9 (0.53)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 (2.15)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7320\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4 (0.24)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4 (0.16)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.3 (0.28)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9302\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0017\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0287\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0008\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 14-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 (1.85)\u003csup\u003eb,A\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (0.42)\u003csup\u003ec,B\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (0.89)\u003csup\u003eb,B\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0266\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9 (4.63)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 (1.84)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 (2.33)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.2487\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.26)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (2.16)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 (1.19)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1272\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 (1.20)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 (1.51)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 (1.75)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7405\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 (0.38)\u003csup\u003ed,A\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8 (0.75)\u003csup\u003ec,B\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9 (0.44)\u003csup\u003ec,B\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0192\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0027\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0006\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 28-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 (0.84)\u003csup\u003eb,B\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (0.99)\u003csup\u003ec,B\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 (0.66)\u003csup\u003eA\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0065\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 (4.53)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 (1.01)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.0 (1.61)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.2431\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 (0.81)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (0.60)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 (1.10)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4761\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (1.53)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 (1.25)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 (1.94)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1670\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 (1.29)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 (1.17)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 (0.95)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5254\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0101\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1085\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003ctfoot\u003e \u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd colspan=\"6\"\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e ANOVA F-test p-value: Same superscript lowercase letters represent no significant difference in columns and same superscript capital letters indicate no significant difference in rows.\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tfoot\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBonferroni test results of BLE-material are shown in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e. For BAS-Day 1, the lowest color change was in non-BLE HC (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.5, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001) and the highest color change was in non-BLE ZLS-GLA (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.8, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001). For BAS-Day 14, the lowest color change was in HC without BLE (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.7, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001) and the highest color change was in ZLS-GLA with BLE (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.3, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0011). For BAS-Day 28, the lowest color change was in BLE-treated ZLS-GLA (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.2, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001) and the highest color change was in BLE-treated FC-POL (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;5.4, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001). For BAS-PDP, the lowest color change was in non-BLE ZLS-POL (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.5, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001) and the highest color change was in BLE FC-POL (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;4.6, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001). For Day 28-PDP, the lowest color change was in BLE-treated ZLS-POL (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.5, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0006) and the highest color change was in non-BLE-treated HC (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;4.6, p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBonferroni test results of BLE-material\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;105)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;105)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 1\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (1.19)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 (1.73)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0122\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (0.66)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8 (0.62)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 (1.99)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 (0.35)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0246\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 (1.84)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9 (0.54)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.2412\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5 (0.51)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 (1.03)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9 (0.40)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (1.38)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0040\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (0.35)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 (1.61)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7361\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 (1.25)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 (1.14)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1634\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 (0.77)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9 (0.44)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0306\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7 (0.44)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 (0.88)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0011\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 (0.75)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (1.56)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0239\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.0 (1.35)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 (3.74)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0094\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 (0.77)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (0.83)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (1.29)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (1.53)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0091\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (0.89)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 (1.23)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0273\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 (0.77)\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 (1.24)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4350\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 (0.96)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 (3.96)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0263\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 (1.18)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 (0.55)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;.0001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (0.99)\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 (0.66)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5469\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 (1.15)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 (0.98)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0021\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 1-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7 (1.30)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 (1.90)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0503\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (0.43)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (1.07)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9027\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 (2.17)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (0.83)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0159\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 (1.75)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7 (0.29)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0875\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4 (0.24)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.3 (0.22)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.2482\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 14-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 (0.64)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 (1.65)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0519\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (0.95)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 (3.69)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 (1.82)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (1.48)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5397\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 (1.66)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 (1.29)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5344\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (0.65)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9 (0.52)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.2117\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0196\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"4\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 28-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 (0.84)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 (1.02)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4112\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 (1.21)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.0 (3.74)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0676\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (1.00)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 (0.71)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5324\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.67)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (1.57)\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.2270\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.0 (0.90)\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (0.93)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0006\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results of the Bonferroni test of BLE- beverage are in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e. The values between specimens with and without BLE immersed in ENE for BAS-Day 14 (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0149), in ENE or SAM for BAS-Day 28 (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0496, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0074, respectively), and in ENE or SAM for Day 14-Day 28 (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0039, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0002, respectively) were statistically different.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab5\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBonferroni test results of BLE-beverage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;105)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;105)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 1\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eENE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (1.24)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (1.18)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9579\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDIS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (1.54)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (1.37)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8333\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSAM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 (1.91)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (0.87)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5032\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7041\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9380\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eENE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (0.57)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 (1.24)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0149\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDIS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 (1.18)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 (1.27)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9934\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSAM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (0.52)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (1.22)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.3879\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1915\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eENE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 (0.96)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 (3.31)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0496\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDIS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 (1.53)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.92)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6186\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSAM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (1.20)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 (1.67)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0074\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1299\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1033\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eENE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 (1.56)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 (3.43)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.2995\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDIS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (1.55)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.23)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1061\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSAM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (1.18)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 (1.05)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.3030\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8541\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1193\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 1-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eENE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (1.09)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (1.45)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9864\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDIS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 (1.80)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (1.18)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4764\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSAM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 (1.88)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0 (0.77)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.3426\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9628\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6816\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 14-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eENE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 (1.05)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 (3.32)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0039\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDIS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 (1.69)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 (1.92)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4277\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSAM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (0.86)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 (1.96)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0002\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0101\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.0427\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"2\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 28-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eENE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 (1.60)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (3.09)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9696\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDIS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 (1.33)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (1.06)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5992\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSAM\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (1.17)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (1.56)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8857\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1131\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.2363\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBonferroni test results for material, beverage and BLE are in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e. For BAS-Day 1, the ranking of material color change was ZLS-GLA\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;FC-GLA\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;FC-POL\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;ZLS-POL\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;HC (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0003). The ranking of material color change for BAS-Day 14 was ZLS-GLA\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;FC-POL\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;FC-GLA\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;FC-GLA\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;HC\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;ZLS-POL (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0011). For BAS-Day 28, the ranking of material color change was FC-POL\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;FC-GLA\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;ZLS-GLA\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;ZLS-POL\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;HC (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001). The ranking of material color change for BAS-PDP was HC\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;FC-POL\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;ZLS-GLA\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;FC-GLA\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;ZLS-POL (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001). The ranking of color change for Day 28-PDP material was HC\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;FC-POL\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;ZLS-POL\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;FC-GLA\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;ZLS-GLA (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001). The ranking of color change for Day 28-PDP beverage was ENE\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;SAM\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;DIS (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0355). For BAS-Day 14, BAS-Day 28 and Day 14-Day 28, the values in BLE-treated specimens were higher than those in non-BLE-treated specimens (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0022, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0181, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0009, respectively).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab6\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 6\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBonferroni test results for material, beverage and BLE\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-GLA (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;42)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFC-POL (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;42)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-GLA (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;42)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZLS-POL (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;42)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHC (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;42)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-Value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 1\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 (1.59)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (0.94)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 (1.51)\u003csup\u003eA\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (1.36)\u003csup\u003eC\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (1.09)\u003csup\u003eC\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0003\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 (1.12)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 (1.15)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 (1.21)\u003csup\u003eA\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (0.66)\u003csup\u003eC\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 (0.96)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0011\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.29)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 (3.03)\u003csup\u003eA\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.29)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 (1.52)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 (1.13)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (1.03)\u003csup\u003eC\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 (3.03)\u003csup\u003eA\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 (1.23)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (0.83)\u003csup\u003eC\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 (1.19)\u003csup\u003eA\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 1-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (1.69)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (0.81)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.74)\u003csup\u003eA\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0 (1.29)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4 (0.23)\u003csup\u003eC\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 14-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 (1.29)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.0 (3.21)\u003csup\u003eA\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 (1.64)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.48)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0 (0.59)\u003csup\u003eC\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 28-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (0.93)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 (2.87)\u003csup\u003eA\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 (0.86)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (1.63)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 (1.14)\u003csup\u003eA\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eENE (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;70)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDIS (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;70)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSAM (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;70)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 1\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (1.20)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (1.45)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 (1.48)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7742\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (1.00)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 (1.21)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 (1.01)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7438\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 (2.49)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 (1.72)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 (1.52)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1569\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 (2.66)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 (1.42)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 (1.12)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.3539\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 1-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (1.27)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (1.51)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (1.44)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9437\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 14-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (2.60)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.81)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.66)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.2794\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 28-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (2.44)\u003csup\u003eA\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0 (1.20)\u003csup\u003eB\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (1.37)\u003csup\u003eA\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0355\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eNo (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;105)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eYes (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;105)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ep-value\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 1\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (1.57)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 (1.15)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7934\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 (0.81)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 (1.25)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0022\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 (1.27)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 (2.44)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0181\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBAS-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 (1.43)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 (2.21)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8354\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 1-Day 14\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 (1.62)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 (1.16)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.3087\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 14-Day 28\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 (1.30)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 (2.54)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e0.0009\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eDay 28-PDP\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 (1.40)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 (2.10)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8103\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOn BAS-Day 1, ZLS-GLA (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.3) had the highest color change and HC (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.2) had the lowest (P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0003). At BAS-Day 14, ZLS-GLA (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.3) had the highest color change and ZLS-POL (∆E00\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.2) had the lowest (P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0011). At BAS-Day 28, FC-POL (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;4.2) had the highest color change and HC (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.0) had the lowest (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001). At Day 1-Day 14, ZLS-GLA (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.2) had the highest color change and HC (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.4) had the lowest (P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0001). At Day 14-Day 28, FC-POL had the highest color change (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;4.0) and HC had the lowest (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.0) (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001). At Day 28-PDP, HC (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;3.3) had the highest color change and ZLS-GLA (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.8) had the lowest (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001). At BAS-Day 28, beverage color change tended to be highest in ENE (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.9) and lowest in DIS (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.3) (P\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). At Day 28-PDP, the highest color change for the beverage was in ENE (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.7) and the lowest in DIS (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.0) (P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0355). At BAS-Day 14, regardless of material and beverage, when BLE was analyzed, the color change in BLE-treated (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.7) specimens was higher than in untreated (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.2) specimens (P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0022). At BAS-Day 28, regardless of material and beverage, when BLE was analyzed, the color change in BLE-treated (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.9) specimens was higher than in untreated (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.2) specimens (P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0181). At Day 14-Day 28, regardless of material and beverage, when BLE was analyzed, the color change in the BLE treated (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2.8) was higher than that in untreated (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.9) specimens (P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0009).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn this study, two hypotheses were rejected, because material/polishing method, BLE, beverages and PDP led to discoloration of the tested materials. The ∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e color difference formula is reported to be superior to the previously used formula (∆E\u003csub\u003eab\u003c/sub\u003e) in terms of perceptibility and acceptability of color difference [36]. This formula, developed by the CIE in 2013, is considered the standard for color difference detection [37]. The ∆E\u003csub\u003eab\u003c/sub\u003e formula basically measures the distance between two points in color space, whereas the ∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e formula includes the luminance effect by adding S\u003csub\u003eL\u003c/sub\u003e. Therefore, the ∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e color difference formula was chosen for this study. In previous studies testing CAD-CAM FC [31], ZLS [32] and HC [33], 0.8/1.8 was found to be appropriate for PT/AT values; therefore, 0.8/1.8 was chosen for PT/AT in this study.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA limitation of this study is the possibility that spectrophotometers may introduce edge loss error [38]. Despite this possibility, contact spectrophotometers are widely used to detect color differences in translucent materials [39]. Previous studies had shown that the Vita Easyhade spectrophotometer could be used for teeth [40], polymethylmethacrylates [41], resin composites [42] and ceramics [15]. Klotz et al. [43] reported that the Vita Easyshade device gave reliable results, even to the extent that it was not affected by environmental light. Dozic et al. [44] stated that Vita Easyshade can make reliable measurements compared with some colorimeters and digital cameras and explained that these three different types of devices can be tested in in vitro studies. Igiel et al. [45] stated that given their accuracy (from 66.8\u0026ndash;92.6%) and precision (from 87.4\u0026ndash;99.0%), it is an excellent example among color determination methods. Therefore, the Vita Easyshade V device was used in this study. A custom made color booth was prepared to ensure standardization and to prevent the ambient light from causing errors [26].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to the results, the color change exceeded the AT after 28 days in all specimens, regardless of the beverage in which they were immersed, except for FC-GLA and HC specimens immersed in DIS. Between day 1 and day 14, AT was exceeded in all other specimens, except for ZLS-GLA immersed in DIS, ENE or SAM. From day 14 to day 28, AT was exceeded only in FC-GLA immersed in DIS and not in HC immersed in DIS, ENE or SAM. When the color change values obtained from BAS to day 1, BAS to day 14 or BAS to day 28 were examined, no specimens, regardless of the beverage in which they were immersed, had a color change lower than PT.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study, a new HP formula (25% HPS) was used for in-office BLE. In this study, BLE was found to be influenced in color change of restorative materials, which was consistent with previous studies [12, 46\u0026ndash;49]. In this study, CAD-CAM HC was more influenced by BLE than ceramics. Yılmaz and Gul [10] reported that materials containing resin composites can be influenced by external factors due to the monomer and particle structure of the organic matrix. Conventional in-office BLE gels mostly contain 30\u0026ndash;35% HP [10, 11]. It has been reported by the manufacturer that 25% HPS has a different content than conventional in-office BLE gels and therefore is more effective [13]. It was necessary to investigate this claim. In previous studies [12, 46] the 6% formulation of HPS used for at-home BLE was tested and the magnitude of the effect was found increased with time. In this study, 25% HPS produced a similarly noticeable effect on the materials tested. According to the results, at the end of 28 days, the color change did not exceed AT in FC-GLA, ZLS-POL and HC specimens without BLE, but exceeded it in specimens with BLE (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0239, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0091, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0273, respectively). These results were possibly due to the amount of content and concentration. In contrast to conventional BLE gels, HPS contains CP and vinyl pyrrolidone peroxide in combination, as well as heat-reversible poloxamer to adjust the viscosity. When the gel comes into contact with the tooth surface, an exothermic reaction cycle occurs, resulting in an increase in the magnitude of the effect.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhen the BLE agent contacts the surface of a ceramic material for a long time, it may cause surface deterioration as in resin composites [10, 11, 22]. Free radicals such as H\u003csup\u003e+\u003c/sup\u003e and H\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csup\u003e+\u003c/sup\u003e produced by alkali ions infiltrate into the material matrix and cause dissolution of ceramic glass networks, disintegration of SiO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e and K\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e components, abrasion of the surface, destruction of chromogens and formation of a less light-reflecting surface [22, 50]. The quality of surface polishability reduces the magnitude of exposure to external factors [49]. Alshali et al. [48] reported that the polishability quality may change depending on the material structure. In this study, when the results of BLE treated ceramic specimens after 28 days were analysed, it was found that mechanically polished FC was more influenced than glazed FC, mechanically polished ZLS was more influenced than glazed FC and ceramics were more influenced than hybrid ceramics (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePrevious studies [49, 51] had reported that the application time is significant in the effect of BLE on ceramics. Similar to this study, the number of studies in which glazed and mechanically polished ceramics were examined together is insufficient, and studies [21, 23, 47, 52] found that glazed surfaces were less affected than mechanically polished surfaces in parallel with this study. The researchers reported that the magnitude of the effect of BLE is related to the application time.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe different structural properties of the materials may influence the magnitude of BLE damage. In previous studies [53\u0026ndash;55], researchers have reported that the crystal phase structure, shape, size, and material content of the materials are influential in the external exposure of ceramic surfaces, but it is difficult to determine which is the primary factor. Further studies on this subject are necessary. In this study, at the end of 28 days, the magnitude of the effect of BLE was FC-POL\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;FC-GLA\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;ZLS-POL\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;ZLS-GLA\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;HC, respectively (p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFCs have a silicate-based microstructure with 4 \u0026micro;m grains, while ZLSs have a glassy, lithium disilicate-containing microstructure in which needle-shaped particles coexist with zirconia particles (56\u0026ndash;58). Ramos et al. [58] reported that the pores of FCs are well coated by glazing, so they are resistant to external factors. Similarly, glazing can provide a better shield against external factors in ZLSs. In this study, mechanical polishing exhibited higher resistance to external factors compared to glazing, which may be due to the lack of a glaze layer that protects the porous structure of FC and the long-irregular rod structure of ZLS with zirconia particles. The microstructural character of HC, which contains oxygen, silicon, aluminium, sodium and potassium in a similar ratio to ceramics, may have been effective in the color change of HC that exceeds AT similar to ceramics [58, 59].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDental materials can be discolored over time by saliva or acidic beverages [60\u0026ndash;62]. In this study, RedBull energy beverage with a pH of 3.18 was used [19]. Silva et al. [19] reported that the surface degrading effect of RedBull varied with consumption frequency and time. Mosallam et al. [23] found that even when carbon dioxide evaporated from energy beverages, the pH level remained low. Dos Santos et al. [63] reported that citric acid in carbonated beverages is the main factor for material surface degradation. Acidic beverages for dental ceramics cause selective extraction of alkali metal ions with low stabilisation in the glass matrix. Insufficient polymerisation of the material, water absorption and the pigment type of the beverage for resin-containing ceramics are important factors [64]. ENE and SAM used in this study, contain citric acid and staining pigments. The staining pigments contained in these beverages possibly caused the discoloration and over time the acid caused the surface of the material to deteriorate, facilitating the retention of the pigment.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study, FC-POL immersed in ENE had the highest color change after 28 days (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;5.4, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0002) and HC immersed in DIS had the lowest color change (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.3, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0001). Hybrid ceramics may be more resistant to color change because they contain different types and amounts of resins than conventional resin composites [17]. According to the BLE-beverage interaction, at the end of 28 days, the highest color change was found in the specimens with BLE and immersed in ENE (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;3.5, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0496), and the lowest in the specimens without BLE and immersed in SAM (∆E\u003csub\u003e00\u003c/sub\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.9, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0074). When the literature was reviewed, no study on the effect of energy beverages on HC was found, but a few studies [18,20 on the effect of energy beverages on ZLS were found and in these studies, it was reported that low pH and dietary habits affected on the effect of energy beverages on discoloration. Since energy beverage consumption increased especially in young people after the Covid-19 pandemic, this type of study was needed [20]. The other beverage whose consumption increased after Covid-19 was an immune-boosting beverage with Sambucus Nigra, and there was no evidence in the literature on the effect of this beverage on the color of dental materials.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThere are many studies investigating the effect of beverages on the color of restorative materials. These studies mostly include beverages such as tea, coffee, cola, and wine [1, 5, 8, 18]. There is no study in the literature on the effect of black elderberry immune-boosting beverage, whose consumption has increased since the Covid-19 pandemic due to its antiviral properties, on the color of ceramic [65, 66]. Tokuc and Sukur (65) evaluated resin composites for white spot lesions in their study on children's teeth. Consistent with this study, Sambucus Nigra caused clinically unacceptable color change. In this study, after 28 days, SAM tended to produce a color change similar to DIS. The fact that the specimens had been subjected to BLE increased the magnitude of color change due to SAM.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePDP is a polishing procedure that the majority of clinicians perform after prosthetic treatment to remove discoloration and plaque deposits [67]. Nowadays, a new generation of PDP pastes with lower dentin abrasiveness has been developed and their effects on dental materials should be investigated. This study is in agreement with the study of Elhamid and Mosallam [23] who investigated the effect of PDP on resin composites. Depending on the type of paste, the effect of PDP on the surface may differ [68]. In this study, a paste containing fine silica particles with a RDA of 7 was used. According to the findings of this study, PDP is effective for restoring the color of materials discolored by beverages. This restoring effect was most successful in ZLS-GLA and HC for ENE, FC-GLA, ZLS-GLA and HC for DIS, and FC-POL and HC for SAM. Regardless of the beverage, when BLE and non-BLE specimens were compared, color recovery was more successful in non-BLE specimens; HC and ZLS-GA were superior to other materials in this respect. Regardless of the material, when evaluated in terms of BLE-beverage, color recovery was better in all specimens without BLE and immersed in DIS, ENE or SAM compared to those with BLE.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA limitation of this study is that intraoral conditions cannot be fully simulated. Exposing both sides of the specimens to beverages does not fully represent clinical scenarios where only one side is mostly exposed to colorants. This study adds to the literature in many ways, but future in vivo and in vitro studies are needed to investigate the effects of immune-boosting beverages, energy beverages, bleaching and new PDP paste on the surface properties of newly developed CAD-CAM materials.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe results within the limitations of this study are as follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. After 28 days, the highest color change was in FC-POL immersed to ENE and the lowest in HC immersed to DIS. Color recovery by PDP was most effective in HC specimens immersed ENE, DIS or SAM.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. The BLE treatment of the materials resulted in a higher magnitude of color change due to beverages.\u0026nbsp;In both BLE and non-BLE HC specimens, PDP provided effective correction of color.\u0026nbsp;At the end of 28 days, the highest color change was found in specimens immersed in ENE and BLE, and the lowest in specimens immersed in SAM and no BLE. Color recovery was lower in BLE treated specimens compared to non-BLE treated specimens, regardless of the beverage in which they were immersed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. In terms of material, FC-POL had the highest color change and HC the lowest, while in terms of beverage, ENE had the highest color change and SAM and DIS the lowest.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors have no conflicts of interest relevant to this article.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding Declaration\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors do not have any financial interest in the companies whose materials are included in this article.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData availability\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and its supplementary materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor contributions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eK.Y. Creation of the methodology, preparation of specimens, performing the tests, writing the manuscript. E.Ö. Writing the tables and figures, visualisation, writing the manuscript. F. G. Project administration, validation, writing the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eI would like to thank, Pharmacist Gülşah Akbülbül Yılmaz for her efforts.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e,\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKo\u0026ccedil;ak EF, Ekren O, Johnston WM, U\u0026ccedil;ar Y. Analysis of color differences in stained contemporary esthetic dental materials. J Prosthet Dent. 2021;126(3):438\u0026ndash;45. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePaolone G, Mandurino M, De Palma F, Mazzitelli C, Scotti N, Breschi L, et al. Color stability of polymer-based composite CAD/CAM blocks: a systematic review. 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J Funct Biomater. 2023;15(1):8. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSugiyama T, Kameyama A, Enokuchi T, Haruyama A, Chiba A, Sugiyama S, et al. Effect of professional dental prophylaxis on the surface gloss and roughness of CAD/CAM restorative materials. J Clin Exp Dent. 2017;9(6):e772\u0026ndash;8. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKanat-Ert\u0026uuml;rk B. Color stability of CAD/CAM ceramics prepared with different surface finishing procedures. J Prosthodont. 2020;29(2):166\u0026ndash;72. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIslam MS, Aal-Fatlah AA, Alkhan NS, Aryal Ac S, Sadr A, Rehman MM. The effect of different finishing polishing protocols on stain absorption and color stability of resin composite restorations. Am J Dent. 2022;35(2):141\u0026ndash;5. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAydın N, Karaoğlanoğlu S, Oktay EA, Kılı\u0026ccedil;arslan MA. Investigating the color changes on resin-based CAD/CAM Blocks. 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Effect of veneering techniques on color and translucency of Y-TZP. J Prosthodont. 2010;19(6):465-470.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePecho OE, Ghinea R, Perez MM, Della Bona A. Influence of gender on visual shade matching in dentistry. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2017;29(2):E15-E23. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLee YK, Powers JM. Comparison of CIE lab, CIEDE 2000, and DIN 99 color differences between various shades of resin composites. Int J Prosthodont, 2005;18(2):150\u0026ndash;55.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKurtulmus-Yilmaz S, Cengiz E, Ulusoy N, Ozak ST, Yuksel E. The effect of home-bleaching application on the color and translucency of five resin composites. J Dent. 2013;41 Suppl 5:e70\u0026ndash;75.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSampaio CS, Belfus J, Avila A, Cordero C, Freitte M, Ferrari V, et al. Effect of different fabrication steps on color and translucency of a CAD-CAM feldspathic ceramic. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2021;33(7):1038\u0026ndash;44. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTejada-Casado M, Ghinea R, Perez MM, L\u0026uuml;bbe H, Pop-Ciutrila IS, Ruiz-L\u0026oacute;pez J, et al. Reflectance and color prediction of dental material monolithic samples with varying thickness. Dent Mater. 2022;38(4):622\u0026ndash;31. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWu Z, Tian J, Wei D, Di P, Lin Y. Quantitative analysis of color accuracy and bias in 4 dental CAD-CAM monolithic restorative materials with different thicknesses: an in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent. 2022;128(1):92.e1\u0026ndash;92.e7.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGhinea R, P\u0026eacute;rez MM, Herrera LJ, Rivas MJ, Yebra A, Paravina RD. Color difference thresholds in dental ceramics. J Dent. 2010;38 Suppl 2:e57\u0026ndash;64. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral Ssiences. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge; 1988.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eParavina RD, Ghinea R, Herrera LJ, Bona AD, Igiel C, Linninger M, et al. Color difference thresholds in dentistry. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2015;27 Suppl 1:S1\u0026ndash;9. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMelgosa M. CIE/ISO new standard: CIEDE2000. 2013. https://www.color.org/events/colorimetry/melgosa_ciede2000_workshop-july4.pdf. Accessed 20 June 2024.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e38. Gevaux L, Simonot L, Clerc R, Gerardin M, Hebert M. Evaluating edge loss in the reflectance measurement of translucent materials. Appl Opt. 2020;59(28):8939\u0026ndash;50. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHu X, Johnston WM, Seghi RR. Measuring the color of maxillofacial prosthetic material. J Dent Res. 2010;89(12):1522\u0026ndash;7.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eForabosco E, Consolo U, Mazzitelli C, Kaleci S, Generali L, Checchi V. Effect of bleaching on the color match of single-shade resin composites. J Oral Sci. 2023;65(4):232\u0026ndash;36.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ede Castro EF, Nima G, Rueggeberg FA, Ara\u0026uacute;jo-Neto VG, Faraoni JJ, Palma-Dibb RG, et al. Effect of build orientation in gloss, roughness and color of 3D-printed resins for provisional indirect restorations. Dent Mater. 2023;39(7):e1\u0026ndash;11.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAssaf C, Abou Samra P, Nahas P. Discoloration of resin composites induced by coffee and tomato sauce and subjected to surface polishing: an in vitro study. Med Sci Monit Basic Res. 2020;26:e923279. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKlotz AL, Habibi Y, Corcodel N, Rammelsberg P, Hassel AJ, Zenth\u0026ouml;fer A. Laboratory and clinical reliability of two spectrophotometers. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2022;34(2):369\u0026ndash;73. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDozić A, Kleverlaan CJ, El-Zohairy A, Feilzer AJ, Khashayar G. Performance of five commercially available tooth color-measuring devices. J Prosthodont. 2007;16(2):93\u0026ndash;100. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIgiel C, Lehmann KM, Ghinea R, Weyhrauch M, Hangx Y, Scheller H, et al. Reliability of visual and instrumental color matching. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2017;29(5):303\u0026ndash;8. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYildirim E, Vural UK, Cakir FY, Gurgan S. Effects of different over \u0026ndash; the \u0026ndash; counter whitening products on the microhardness, surface Roughness, color and shear Bond Strength of enamel. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2022;56(2):120\u0026ndash;31. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMurat S, Batak B, Yilmaz D, \u0026Ouml;zt\u0026uuml;rk C. Effects of 16% carbamide peroxide on optical properties of thermally aged monolithic CAD-CAM glass ceramics with different surface treatments. Oper Dent. 2023;48(2):176\u0026ndash;85. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlshali RZ, Alqahtani MA. The effect of home and in-office bleaching on microhardness and color of different CAD/CAM ceramic materials. Materials (Basel). 2022;15(17):5948. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRodrigues CRT, Turssi CP, Amaral FLB, Basting RT, Fran\u0026ccedil;a FMG. Changes to glazed dental ceramic shade, roughness, and microhardness after bleaching and simulated brushing. J Prosthodont. 2019;28(1):e59\u0026ndash;67. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJoiner A. The bleaching of teeth: a review of the literature. J Dent. 2006;34(7):412\u0026ndash;9. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlkurt M, Duymus ZY, Yildiz Ş. How home bleaching agents affect the color and translucency of CAD/CAM monolithic zirconia materials. Dent Mater J. 2022;41(4):511\u0026ndash;9. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGasparik C, Culic B, Varvara MA, Grecu A, Burde A, Dudea D. Effect of accelerated staining and bleaching on chairside CAD/CAM materials with high and low translucency. Dent Mater J. 2019;38(6):987\u0026ndash;93. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDella Bona A, Pecho OE, Ghinea R, Cardona JC, P\u0026eacute;rez MM. Colour parameters and shade correspondence of CAD\u0026ndash;CAM ceramic systems. J Dent. 2015;43(6):726\u0026ndash;34. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAl-Johani H, Alhotan A, Alhijji S, Silikas N, Satterthwaite J. Staining and bleaching susceptibility of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramics with different thicknesses, translucencies, and fabrication methods. J Prosthet Dent. 2024;131(3):530.e1-530.e11. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDella Bona A, Nogueira AD, Pecho OE. Optical properties of CAD\u0026ndash;CAM ceramic systems. J of Dent. 2014;42(9):1202\u0026ndash;9. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGiordano R. Materials for chairside CAD/CAM\u0026ndash;produced restorations. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006;137:14S-21S. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApel E, Deubener J, Bernard A, H\u0026ouml;land M, M\u0026uuml;ller R, Kappert H, et al. Phenomena and mechanisms of crack propagation in glass-ceramics. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2008;1(4):313\u0026ndash;25. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRamos N de C, Campos TMB, Paz IS de L, Machado JPB, Bottino MA, Cesar PF, et al. Microstructure characterization and SCG of newly engineered dental ceramics. Dent Mater. 2016;32(7):870\u0026ndash;8. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVenturini AB, Prochnow C, Pereira GKR, Segala RD, Kleverlaan CJ, Valandro LF. Fatigue performance of adhesively cemented glass-, hybrid- and resin-ceramic materials for CAD/CAM monolithic restorations. Dent Mater. 201935(4):534\u0026ndash;42. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSulaiman TA, Abdulmajeed AA, Shahramian K, Hupa L, Donovan TE, Vallittu P, et al. Impact of gastric acidic challenge on surface topography and optical properties of monolithic zirconia. Dent Mater. 2015;31(12):1445\u0026ndash;52. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSzalewski L, W\u0026oacute;jcik D, Bogucki M, Szkutnik J, R\u0026oacute;żyło-Kalinowska I. The influence of popular beverages on mechanical properties of composite resins. Materials (Basel). 2021;14(11):3097. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVaidya N, Kumar P, Pathak K, Punia SK, Choudhary A, Patnana AK. Comparative evaluation of the influence of different sports/energy drinks and alcoholic beverages on the surface roughness of three different flowable esthetic restorative materials: an in vitro analysis. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2020;10(5):585\u0026ndash;90. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDos Santos DM, da Silva EVF, Watanabe D, Bitencourt SB, Guiotti AM, Goiato MC. Effect of different acidic solutions on the optical behavior of lithium disilicate ceramics. J Prosthet Dent. 2017;118(3):430\u0026ndash;6. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlharbi A, Ardu S, Bortolotto T, Krejci I. Stain susceptibility of composite and ceramic CAD/CAM blocks versus direct resin composites with different resinous matrices. Odontology. 2017;105(2):162\u0026ndash;9.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTokuc M, Sukur EY. An in vitro evaluation of the effects of fluoride, CPP-ACP, or resin infiltration on discoloration caused by pediatric supplements. Quintessence Int. 2024;55(2):148-58. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGentscheva G, Milkova-Tomova I, Buhalova D, Pehlivanov I, Stefanov S, Nikolova K, et al. Incorporation of the dry blossom flour of Sambucus Nigra L in the production of sponge cakes. Molecules. 2022;27(3):1124. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLiebermann A, Spintzyk S, Reymus M, Schweizer E, Stawarczyk B. Nine prophylactic polishing pastes: impact on discoloration, gloss, and surface properties of a CAD/CAM resin composite. Clin Oral Investig. 2019;23(1):327\u0026ndash;35. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCovey DA, Barnes C, Watanabe H, Johnson WW. Effects of a paste-free prophylaxis polishing cup and various prophylaxis polishing pastes on tooth enamel and restorative materials. Gen Dent. 2011;59(6):466\u0026ndash;73; quiz 474\u0026ndash;5. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-oral-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ohea","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Oral Health](http://bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/ohea/default.aspx","title":"BMC Oral Health","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Covid-19 pandemic, CAD-CAM hybrid, Zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate, Feldspathic ceramic, Office bleaching, Dental prophylaxis, Glazing, Hydrogen peroxide, Beverage, Sambucus Nigra","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4612586/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4612586/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground \u003c/strong\u003eThe effect of an immune-boosting beverage (SAM) containing Sambucus Nigra, an energy beverage (ENE), an in-office bleaching (BLE) agent with 25% hydrogen peroxide superior, glazing (GLA) or polishing (POL) methods, and professional dental prophylaxis (PDP) on the color of CAD-CAM restorative materials is unknown.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods \u003c/strong\u003eIn total 210 specimens were prepared, consisting of CAD-CAM feldspathic (FC), zirconia-reinforced lithium disilicate ceramic (ZLS) and hybrid ceramic (HC). The ceramic specimens were divided according to the polishing methods of glazing (GLA) and mechanical polishing (POL). All materials were divided into two groups: with and without BLE. A 25% hydrogen peroxide superior (HPS) gel was used for BLE. After the baseline (BAS) measurement, the specimens were immersed in 3 different beverages (distilled water (DIS), SAM, ENE). After 28 days, a fine-grained (RDA 7) prophylaxis paste was applied. Statistical analysis of ∆E00 color difference values was performed by 3-way ANOVA and Bonferroni test (α=0.05).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults \u003c/strong\u003eThe effect of all other actions except material-BLE-beverage on color for BAS-Day 28 was statistically different (p\u0026lt;0.05). The effect of material, material-BLE, beverage on color for Day 28-PDP was statistically different (p\u0026lt;0.05). After 28 days, the lowest color change was found in FC-GLA and HC immersed in DIS (p=0.0001) and the highest in FC-POL immersed in ENE (p=0.0002). PDP was efficient in color recovery in HC immersed to DIS, ENE and SAM (p=0.0010). For FC, HC and ZLS, BLE caused a higher color change (p\u0026lt;0.0001). Regardless of the material, the highest color change for BLE-beverage was found in BLE-treated specimens immersed in ENE (P=0.0496) and the lowest color change was found in non-BLE-treated specimens immersed in SAM (p=0.0074).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusions \u003c/strong\u003eIn materials pre-exposed to 25% HPS, the effect of PDP on color recovery was lower than in unexposed materials.\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c/strong\u003eMechanical polishing produced higher color change in FC compared to glazing, but the values were equal for ZLS. For material/polishing method, HC was the most effective. ENE caused higher color change than DIS and SAM. PDP was more effective than ENE in restoring color to DIS- and SAM-immersed specimens.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Effect of immune-boosting beverage, energy beverage, hydrogen peroxide superior, polishing methods and fine-grained dental prophylaxis paste on color of CAD-CAM restorative materials","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-07-29 03:39:24","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4612586/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision 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