A global database of public agricultural R&D investment: 1960-2022

A global database of public agricultural R&D investment: 1960-2022 | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article A global database of public agricultural R&D investment: 1960-2022 Michiel van Dijk, Keith Fuglie, Paul W. Heisey, Haiyan Deng This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6463998/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 02 Jul, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Data → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Investment in public agricultural R&D is a key driver of agricultural productivity, which is regarded as one of the major solutions to enhance global food security, reduce the environmental impact of agricultural production and enhance crop resilience to climate change. Detailed information on public agricultural R&D investment is required to inform national science and technology policies that aim to improve the performance of the agricultural sector and monitor whether countries are on track to reach (inter)national targets. Due to the long lead-time, it requires exceptionally long time-series to assess the impact of public agricultural R&D spending on present and future agricultural productivity. To address these issues, this paper presents GRAPE - the WUR-ERS Global Research on Agriculture: Personnel & Expenditures database, which contains data on the number of public agricultural researchers and R&D expenditures for 190 countries, broadly covering the period 1960-2022. To construct the database, information from a large number of sources was combined, different R&D classifications were harmonized and missing data were imputed. Agricultural Economics & Policy R&D agriculture database public research spending long-term trends Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Supplementary Files si.pdf A global database of public agricultural R&D investment: 1960-2022. Supplementary Information Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 02 Jul, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Data → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6463998","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":443878008,"identity":"8da82357-09f9-446b-a738-e82c3ffd9179","order_by":0,"name":"Michiel van Dijk","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA5klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACZgY2hgQGCzBbIoEnQQ4iXEBQiwRcizFE2ACvPWwgxRAtDAwJiQ2EtOi2Mz978KBCgsHg+NmDNx7IpKVvuJH7gLkAjxazw2zmBglngFrO5CVbJPDk5G64kW7APAOvFh42icQ2CQbJhhwzoF8qcrfdSGNg5iGo5R9QS/8bsJZ0M+K0NEgw8EuAbclJIEILG1DlMQkefok3xkC/pBnuP/OM4TBeLecPP5P8UWMjx8afY3jzZ0+yvGR7GuNjngrcWmCAB0wy9kB4BwhrgIMfJKgdBaNgFIyCEQMApD9EtY37jjkAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5207-7304","institution":"Wageningen Social \u0026 Economic Research","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Michiel","middleName":"van","lastName":"Dijk","suffix":""},{"id":443879420,"identity":"4aea3ae0-1b38-4ec5-a997-b8a7fb046e85","order_by":1,"name":"Keith Fuglie","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-0542","institution":"Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Keith","middleName":"","lastName":"Fuglie","suffix":""},{"id":443879421,"identity":"58a454c5-e71f-496f-8431-a8922080a1cf","order_by":2,"name":"Paul W. 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