Useful Probiotics with New Immunotherapies for the Superior Treatment Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) covers a malignant form of primary liver cancer. Intricate networks linking to the host immune system may be associated with the pathogenesis of HCC. A huge amount of interdisciplinary medical information for the treatment of HCC has been accumulated over the most recent years. For example, advances in new immunotherapy have improved the result of treatment for the HCC. Advantageously, this approach can be combined with standard conventional treatments such as surgical resection to improve the therapeutical consequence. However, several toxic effects of the treatments may stand a significant threat to human health. Now, the shift in mindset is important for the concept of superior cancer therapy, in which probiotics-therapy may be inspired at least within the warranty of safety. The interplay among the gut microbiota and immune system could affect the efficacy of several anticancer treatments including immune checkpoint therapy via the alteration of Th17 cell functions against various malignant tumors. Here, some of the recent anticancer techniques are discussed, in which the growth of HCC might be effectively repressed with safety.