Review of Existing Approaches and the Formulation of a Research Problem: The Lack of Holistic Integrative Models of Emotional Self-Regulation in Contemporary Psychology

This conceptual review examines the current landscape of emotional self-regulation theories and models in psychology. Despite the growing body of research in cognitive, affective, neuropsychological, and body-oriented domains, existing approaches remain fragmented and narrowly specialized. Cognitive models (Gross, Barrett) focus on interpretation and reappraisal, while somatic and polyvagal theories (Porges, van der Kolk) emphasize physiological regulation but overlook the symbolic and meaning-making dimensions.The analysis of 25 key sources (1995–2024) demonstrates the absence of a unified, integrative model that links the bodily, emotional, and semantic levels of the psyche within a single structural framework.The article substantiates the necessity of developing a comprehensive conceptual system that combines the advantages of cognitive, emotional, and bodily approaches and provides a universal algorithm for analyzing and transforming emotional experience.