Mortality salience effects fail to replicate in traditional and novel measures

Mortality salience (MS) effects, where death reminders lead to ingroup-bias and defensive protection of one’s worldview, have been claimed to be a fundamental human motivator. MS phenomena have been supported by more than 400 studies within the “terror management theory” framework, but transparent and high-powered replications are lacking. We performed an Experiment 1 (N = 101 Norwegian lab participants) to replicate the traditional MS effect on national patriotism, with additional novel measures of democratic values and pro-sociality. Experiment 2 (N = 784 American online participants) aimed to replicate the MS effect on national patriotism in a larger sample, with ingroup identification and pro-sociality as additional outcome measures. Neither experiment replicated the traditional MS effect on national patriotism. The experiments also failed to support conceptual replications and underlying mechanisms on different democratic values, processing speed, psychophysiological responses, ingroup identification, or pro-sociality. This indicates that the effect of death reminders is less robust and generalizable than previously assumed.