On-chip dual quantum walk comb in the mid-infrared

On-chip dual quantum walk comb in the mid-infrared | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article On-chip dual quantum walk comb in the mid-infrared Miguel Montesinos-Ballester, Lucius Miller, Emilio Gini, Mattias Beck, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6556362/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Dual-comb spectroscopy in the mid-infrared provides an unparalleled combination of wide optical bandwidth and high resolution with fast acquisition times. In addition, the absence of moving mechanical parts makes it especially suitable for portable sensors, offering the availability of compact and controllable dual-comb sources. In this work, we demonstrate a quantum walk comb source with an optical bandwidth of 78 cm -1 near 1330 cm -1 wavenumber (440 nm and 7.5 μm wavelength, respectively), and use it to report a dual quantum walk comb demonstration over a bandwidth of 34 cm -1 (192 nm). Analysis of the dual-comb signal demonstrates that in the quantum walk comb, the repetition frequency is fully locked to the external RF source, whose power also determines the comb bandwidth, allowing a high control of the power-per-line distribution. In addition, a multi-heterodyne signal is collected from the RF feed of the device, providing a dual-comb reference signal and avoiding the need to split the optical beam and use a second photodetector. The proof-of-concept spectroscopy of a plastic film reported shows the great potential of quantum walk combs for the realization of high-performance and cost-effective spectroscopy systems consisting of only a dual-comb source, an interaction cell and a photodetector, thus having a major impact on a plethora of sensing applications. Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Lasers, LEDs and light sources/Quantum cascade lasers Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Applied optics/Mid-infrared photonics Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Other photonics/Frequency combs Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Optical techniques/Optical spectroscopy/Infrared spectroscopy Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Applied optics/Integrated optics Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files SupplementaryMMontesinos.pdf On-chip dual quantum walk comb in the mid-infrared Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6556362","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":452094584,"identity":"c20d8781-0ba2-4e7a-90fc-768e9fcb08b5","order_by":0,"name":"Miguel Montesinos-Ballester","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAyklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBADHiBmfMDAcADKJgQOQJQxGzAkkKAFBNgkiNKiO+3wsccfKupkzNnbn1V8/HHHnoH97AG8Wsxup6UbHDhzmMey54zZzRkJz5gZePISCGjJMZM42HaAx+BGDtttnoTDbAwSPAZEaPlXB9SS/qz4T8JhHiK1NDADtSSYMTMkHJYgQktamsSZY4d5DM6cMZbsSTtswMaTQ0hL8jGJipo6e4Pj7Q8//LA5bM/Pfga/FkzARqL6UTAKRsEoGAVYAAA1LUae/vAM9wAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-3933","institution":"ETH Zurich","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Miguel","middleName":"","lastName":"Montesinos-Ballester","suffix":""},{"id":452094585,"identity":"dfc948c4-8de9-46f9-88c9-99e525daaf16","order_by":1,"name":"Lucius Miller","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"ETH Zurich","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lucius","middleName":"","lastName":"Miller","suffix":""},{"id":452094586,"identity":"fa7d997a-93bf-42e8-a59d-1183d9581a07","order_by":2,"name":"Emilio Gini","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"ETH Zurich","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Emilio","middleName":"","lastName":"Gini","suffix":""},{"id":452094587,"identity":"e89020ff-cc05-4664-b649-3e900fd49fbf","order_by":3,"name":"Mattias Beck","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"ETH Zurich","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mattias","middleName":"","lastName":"Beck","suffix":""},{"id":452094588,"identity":"1f864377-5efc-4363-9a91-517936df7735","order_by":4,"name":"Jérôme Faist","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4429-7988","institution":"Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jérôme","middleName":"","lastName":"Faist","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-04-29 12:20:31","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6556362/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6556362/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":100692991,"identity":"1bf0bd37-ec38-4ac2-a04b-ce76b0438e45","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-01-20 14:24:53","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":570877,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Article File","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptMMontesinosNatComm.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6556362/v1_covered_6675bcc3-a4f9-4158-af50-57f8de46b58f.pdf"},{"id":82061479,"identity":"40e4be3b-a465-47a5-a646-8ecf0b128359","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-06 11:45:31","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":1654951,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"On-chip dual quantum walk comb in the mid-infrared","description":"","filename":"SupplementaryMMontesinos.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6556362/v1/02da25e1bfc6a856a81c7c30.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e Competing Interest.","formattedTitle":"On-chip dual quantum walk comb in the mid-infrared","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6556362/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6556362/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Dual-comb spectroscopy in the mid-infrared provides an unparalleled combination of wide optical bandwidth and high resolution with fast acquisition times. In addition, the absence of moving mechanical parts makes it especially suitable for portable sensors, offering the availability of compact and controllable dual-comb sources. In this work, we demonstrate a quantum walk comb source with an optical bandwidth of 78 cm\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c/sup\u003e near 1330 cm\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c/sup\u003e wavenumber (440 nm and 7.5 μm wavelength, respectively), and use it to report a dual quantum walk comb demonstration over a bandwidth of 34 cm\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c/sup\u003e (192 nm). Analysis of the dual-comb signal demonstrates that in the quantum walk comb, the repetition frequency is fully locked to the external RF source, whose power also determines the comb bandwidth, allowing a high control of the power-per-line distribution. In addition, a multi-heterodyne signal is collected from the RF feed of the device, providing a dual-comb reference signal and avoiding the need to split the optical beam and use a second photodetector. 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