Long–Term Inference of Solar Energy Accessibility through Short-Term Measurements: Experimental Sampling Descriptor

Solar energy reaching the Earth's surface varies due to absorption, reflection, and attenuation by atmospheric components, among other factors. This affects photovoltaic (PV) power production. Given this, a long–term inference of solar energy accessibility through short-term measurements, was performed to maximize PV power production. The clear–sky index (K_t^* ) method was used, completely removing traces of solar energy inhibition and reporting measured radiation to theoretical clear–sky radiation. The solar energy sample was collected in Mozambique along the southern region at Maputo–1, Massangena, Ndindiza, Pembe, the Mid region at Chipera, Nhamadzi, Barue–1, and Barue–2, Lugela-1, Lugela-2, and North-region at Nipepe-1, Nipepe-2, Nanhupo-1, Nanhupo-2, and Chomba, between 2005 and 2024, with a measurement interval of 1 to 10 minutes and 1 hour, during the measurement campaigns of FUNAE, INAM, other was token in the PVGIS, Meteonorm, NOAA and NASA solar database. The analysis reveals a K_t^* with a density close to 1 for clear days, and intermediate-sky days have characteristics between clear and cloudy days. It can be concluded that there is a strong correlation between sky types in the order of 0.95 to 0.89 per station, the correlated energies, and experiences a regression with coefficients in the order of 0.79 to 0.95. According to the sample analysis, the area has the potential to use solar energy, and other locations can apply the same sampling approach to maximize PV output and other solar exploitation projects.