The association between deficiency of nutrient intake on resting metabolic rate (RMR) in overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background: The double burden of malnutrition is an emerging public health concern nowadays which a correlation with Obesity. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between resting metabolic rate (RMR) and dietary intake of zinc, vitamin C, and riboflavin based on Nutrient Adequacy Ratios (NAR) in overweight and obese women.Methods: We enrolled 293 overweight and obese women in this cross-sectional study. BMI, body fat mass, fat-free mass, insulin level were assessed. RMR was measured using indirect calorimetry. NAR was measured by calculating the ratio of daily individual intakes to the standard recommended amounts.Results: the RMR/FFM showed a significant association with riboflavin (β=1.59; 95% CI: 1.04-23.26, P=0.04) and zinc (β=0.78; 95% CI: 1.04-4.61, P=0.03) in the crude model. Moreover, differences in vitamin C and RMR/FFM was marginal significant (β=0.75; 95% CI: 0.95-4.77, P=0.06). After adjust for confounders the riboflavin association change to marginal significance (β=1.52; 95% CI: 0.91-23.04, P=0.06). After controlling for potential confounders, the associations change between zinc and RMR/FFM (β=0.66; 95% CI: 0.78-4.86, P=0.15) and between RMR/FFM and vitamin C (β=0.48; 95% CI: 0.66-3.96, P=0.28).Conclusion: Our study showed a significant association between dietary intake of zinc, riboflavin, and vitamin C and change in RMR/FFM in overweight and obese women.