Expression of MicroRNA 181a and its Target Genes: BCL2 and NOVA1 in Plasma Cell Myeloma

Background: Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) is one of the most common hematological malignancies. Despite advances in myeloma treatment, it remains an incurable disease. Studying the molecular bases of PCM has become essential to understand the pathobiology of the disease and hence for better management. The role of miRNAs is evolving in many malignancies, their use as markers for diagnosis, prognosis or as therapeutic modalities is promising. This study aimed at investigating the role of miR-181a and its target genes BCL2 and NOVA1 in PCM. Methods: : The expression of miR-181a and its target genes BCL2 and NOVA1 was studied in bone marrow samples of 50 newly diagnosed PCM patients compared to 50 control subjects using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR). Results: : miR-181a, BCL2 and NOVA1 were found to be significantly upregulated among PCM patients compared to controls. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between miR-181a and BCL2. Furthermore, BCL2 and NOVA1 expression were found to be positively correlated. High levels of BCL2 were associated with advanced disease stages, presence of bone lesions as well as higher percentage of plasma and myeloma cells in bone marrow. Conclusion: The current study results are highly suggestive of the potential role miR181a plays in PCM development and progression, and explains how it can play its role through influencing its targets expression levels.