A study on a correction method for channel wave energy consistency under geophone-bolt coupling

Abstract Channel wave seismic exploration is an important means to detect geological structure anomalies in coal seam working faces. The coupling of geophones has a great impact on channel waves. At present, the commonly used coupling method is to connect the geophone to a bolt outcrop. However, the coupling state between the bolt and coal wall can vary greatly, resulting in poor channel wave data consistency, thus affecting the imaging effect. At present, there are few studies on eliminating the effects of bolts. In addition, the excitation conditions of each shot are different, and the effects of shots also need to be eliminated. This article proposes an algorithm to eliminate the effects of geophone-bolt coupling and excitation conditions. An influence factor is set for the effect of each shot or each geophone on the channel wave, and a matrix equation is established for the data of all traces based on the channel wave attenuation formula. The overdetermined equation is solved to obtain the influence factor, which can be eliminated to obtain the true amplitude, thus achieving consistent correction of the channel wave energy. The algorithm is verified with theoretical data and achieves good results when using the field data, thus making up for the shortcomings of the current channel wave construction method.