Studying the amino acid and mineral composition of rape squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan

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It is necessary to provide the country's population with food products of increased biological and nutritional value. Various protein-containing additives introduced into food recipes play a huge role in this. One of the sources that increases the nutritional and biological value of food products is rapeseed squeeze. The purpose of the work was to study the amino acid and mineral composition of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The object of the study was squeezed from rapeseed seeds grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan of the Viking variety. The amino acid composition of rapeseed squeeze proteins was studied according to GOST 32195-2013 [4]. The mineral composition of rapeseed seed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan was determined using the atomic adsorption method on a SOLAR atomic adsorption spectrometer. S 2. Squeeze from rapeseed grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan contains almost all essential amino acids. Rapeseed seed squeeze contains a high content of leucine (2.28 g /100g), phenylamine (1.2 g /100g), isoleucine (1.03 g/ 100g), methionine (0.87 g/ 100g), tryptophan (0.431 g/ 100g). This indicates that the proteins in rapeseed squeeze have a complete amino acid composition.' Rapeseed squeeze protein amino acid composition mineral composition macro and microelements amino acid score essential amino acids biological value Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Introduction Currently, one of the priorities of the government of the Republic of Uzbekistan is to provide the population with nutritious, high-protein food products. The average daily physiological requirement of a person for protein is constantly studied by the Ministry of Health of the Republic and is reflected in the decisions of the relevant mines and authorities. These indicators are indicative in nature, as they depend on the person's age, gender, nature of the work performed, physiological state, weather conditions, as well as environmental pollution. According to the indicative recommendations of WHO and FAO, the optimal protein requirement is 60–100 g per day or 12–15% of the total caloric intake. In the total amount of energy, protein of animal and plant origin accounts for 6–8% each. In terms of 1 kg of body weight, the protein requirement per day for an adult is on average about 1 g, while for children, depending on age, it ranges from 1.05 to 4.00 g [1]. Recommended protein standards developed by the Russian scientific school of nutrition include 73–120 g of protein per day for men and 60–90 g for women. Here, the lower limit is recommended for people not involved in physical labor, and the upper limit for people engaged in heavy physical labor [2]. For an adult man, the required level of protein consumption in terms of nitrogen is 9.0-9.2 g per day per 1 kg of body weight, and for persons suffering severe infections, surgical interventions, and having digestive and respiratory diseases, it can increase to 110–120 g, and in diabetics, its amount can reach 130–140 g [ 2,3 ]. There is a shortage of dietary protein all over the world, including in our republic. Scientists are looking for new sources of protein that correspond to complete protein and contain all the essential amino acids. One type of such raw material is rapeseed squeeze. Rapeseed is an oilseed crop and its cultivation solves the problem of providing vegetable oil, and the squeeze after obtaining the oil is a source of protein, vitamins, and minerals [11] . The use of rapeseed squeeze as an additive to food products helps to increase the nutritional and biological value without increasing the cost of these products [13] . Taking into account the above, we decided to study the amino acid composition of protein and the content of minerals in the squeeze of rapeseed seeds grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan [15] . The purpose of the work is to study the amino acid composition and mineral content of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Materials and research methods The study used the "Viking" variety grown in the fields of the Republic of Uzbekistan and cake obtained from rapeseed. (Figure (1,2). In the experiments we used the squeeze obtained after obtaining the oil. The amino acid composition of rapeseed squeeze proteins was studied according to GOST 32195 − 2013 [5]. Free forms of amino acids were extracted with dilute hydrochloric acid. Nitrogenous macromolecules extracted together with amino acids are precipitated with sulfosalicylic acid and filtered. The filtrate is adjusted to a value of 2.20 units. pH. Amino acids are separated by ion exchange chromatography, reacted with ninhydrin, and their content is determined by photometric detection at a wavelength of 570 nm. From ( 1.0000 \(\:\pm\:\) 0.0002 ) g to ( 5.0000 \(\:\pm\:\) 0.0002 ) g of sample is weighed on a scale and quantitatively transferred into a conical flask, 100.0 cm 3 of extraction solution is added. The mixture is stirred for 60 minutes using a magnetic stirrer, allowed to settle, then 10.0 cm 3 of the supernatant is pipetted into a beaker with a capacity of 100 cm 3 . While stirring, add 5.0 cm 3 of sulfosalicylic acid and continue stirring with a magnetic stirrer for 5 minutes. The solution is filtered or spun or centrifuged to remove precipitate. Place 10.0 cm 3 of the resulting solution in a glass with a capacity of 100 cm 3 and adjust the acidity of the solution to 2.20 units. pH sodium using hydroxide solution. Transfer quantitatively into a volumetric flask of the appropriate volume (necessary for chromatography) and adjust the volume of the solution to the mark with citrate buffer. If an internal standard is used, add 1.00 cm 3 of internal standard for every 100 cm 3 of the final volume of solution and make the volume to the mark with citrate buffer. Before chromatography, the temperature of the extract or hydrolyzate is brought to room temperature. Stir the mixture and filter the required amount through a membrane filter. The resulting clear solution is used for ion exchange chromatography (HPLC equipment). Sample injection can be done manually or automatically. It is important that equal amounts ( \(\:\pm\:\) 0.5%) of standard and sample solution are injected into the column, except when using an internal standard (for chromatographic systems requiring low sodium concentrations) and when the ratio of amino acids in standard and sample solutions should be as low as possible closer. The peak areas of the standard and sample are measured for each amino acid. The amino acid content in the analyzed sample, w, g / kg, is calculated using the formula [1] $$\:W=\frac{{A}_{0}*с*М*{V}_{0}}{{A}_{0}*m*1000};$$ Where A 0 is the peak area of the amino acid in the hydrolyzate and extract; C - molar concentration of amino acids in a standard solution, mol / dm 3 ; M-molecular weight of amino acids V 0 - total volume of hydrolyzate or calculated total volume of diluted extract, cm 3 ; Ac is the peak area of an amino acid in a standard solution; m is the mass of the analyzed sample (adjusted for the initial mass for dry and or fat-free samples), g; 100 is the conversion factor for volume units; The amino acid score was calculated according to the method of H. Mitchell and R. Block [6]. The study of the mineral composition of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan was carried out using the atomic absorption method using a SOLAR atomic absorption spectrometer. S 2 [6–7]. Results of the work and their discussion As we indicated above, today the big problem that needs to be solved is providing the country's population with high-protein food products. Various sources are considered as a source of protein to meet needs. These are plant or animal raw materials. One of the promising areas for providing protein to the country's population is rapeseed squeeze. As shown by the literature analysis, thanks to the work of breeders, rapeseed varieties were created, with a small amount of erucic acid (0–2%) and glucosinylates (less than 20 micrograms) called two-zero ( oo ), and “ ooo ” varieties of rapeseed, with yellow seeds ( with a low content of not only erucic acid, glucosinolates, but also fiber) contributed to an increase in rapeseed crops and its processing of Viking and Ruyan varieties. All of the above varieties have a low acid and glucosinylates content; in the future, the area under rapeseed will be increased. This increase in the area under rapeseed will help solve problems with providing the population with vegetable oil, and the processing of secondary raw materials will serve to solve the problem of protein supply. As you know, the quality of a protein is determined by its amino acid profile . Oilseed proteins have a well-balanced amino acid composition, in particular rapeseed proteins. We studied the amino acid composition of rapeseed proteins in the laboratories of the Institute of Certification and Standardization. For the most complete picture, we compared the amino acid composition of oilseed cakes (Table 1 ). Compound irreplaceable amino acids cakes oilseeds crops Table 1 . No. Irreplaceable amino acids Cake sunflower variety Vanguard Cake linen variety Issikulsky Cake camelina variety Omich rapeseed cake ( Uzbekistan ) mg/100g 1. Valin 1,7 2,02 2,38 1,42 2. Isoleucine 7,7 1,51 0,99 1,03 3. Leucine 13,5 2,43 2,19 2,28 4. Lysine 12,9 1,63 1,76 1,87 5. Treanine 13,7 1,16 1,40 1,46 6. Methionine 8,4 0,45 0,63 0,87 7. Phenicalanine 11,3 1,35 1,78 1,20 8. Tryptophan 4,4 0,59 0,33 0,43 As the analysis of the data in Table 1 shows . cake contains all the essential amino acids of the crops [18]. Data on the amino acid composition of rapeseed cakes in comparison with soybean cakes are given in Table 2 . [ 4 ]. Table 2 Amino acid composition of rapeseed squeezes Names of indicators, units of measurement Test results Regulatory document (methodology) for test methods) Amino acid content of soybean meal Amino acid content in rapeseed squeeze g / 100g protein Amino acid content in rapeseed squeeze of Belarusian selection Protein, % 34.6 36.2 - GOST 13496.4–2019 Nonessential amino acids Alanin 2.11 1.73 2.04 GOST 32195 − 2013 Aspartic acid 5.66 2.72 4.88 Glycine 2,078 1.7 1.66 Glutamic acid 8.7 6.26 7.98 Proline 2.62 2.11 2.77 Serin 2.60 1.41 1.92 Tyrosine 1.70 0.87 0.71 Cysteine 0.724 0.46 0.20 Essential amino acids Arginine 3.44 1.84 0.74 GOST 32195 − 2013 Valin 2.24 1.42 4.3 Histidine 1.21 1.03 0.54 Isoleucine 2.18 1.03 2.08 Leucine 3.66 2.28 3.00 Lysine 2.99 1.87 1.82 Methionine 0.406 0.87 0.001 Threonine 1.95 1.46 2.2 Tryptophan 0.65 0.431 0.40 Phenylalanine 2.24 1.2 1.95 Data analysis table. 2 shows that in rapeseed squeeze protein, almost all the amino acids of soy protein are present. Rapeseed seed squeeze contains a high content of leucine (2.28 g / 100 g), phenylalanine (1.2 g / 100 g), isoleucine (1.03 g / 100 g). It also contains methionine (0.87 g / 100 g), tryptophan (0.431 g / 100 g). This indicates that rapeseed squeeze protein has a complete amino acid composition. As we indicated above, the main goal of this research work is the use of rapeseed squeeze as an additive to increase the nutritional and biological value of the national dishes of the Republic of Uzbekistan. As an analysis of the amino acid composition of protein squeeze from rapeseed grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan shows, it contains up to 2.28% leucine, which is an essential amino acid that is not synthesized by the cells of the body, but enters the body exclusively from proteins that are part of food. Lack or absence of leucine in the human body can lead to weight loss, development and growth arrest, as well as metabolic disorders [ 1,8,17 ]. Another essential amino acid of rapeseed squeeze protein is lysine 1.87%. Lysine is a relatively metabolically inert amino acid and does not actively participate in the reversible processes of transamination or deamination, but plays an important role in the formation of hemoglobin and increases capillary permeability. Lysine deficiency promotes the development of dental caries [20]. Also, a high content of essential amino acids valine, threonine, phenylalanine, of which threonine promotes the growth of skeletal mice, is part of immune proteins and a number of digestive enzymes, plays a major role in the synthesis of purines and glycine, serves as a source of energy, and phenylalanine is converted into tyrosine and adrenaline. Thyroxine, formed from tyrosine, plays an important role in the activity of the thyroid gland, increasing its functional ability and valine, which maintains the proper level of serotonin and, together with leucine and isoleucine, serves as a high source of energy in the body [9]. Squeeze protein from rapeseed seeds grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan also contains methionine [0.87%], tryptophan [0.43%], isoleucine [1.03 g], which are also essential and play an important role in the functioning of the human body. For example, methionine is an amino acid containing sulfur and plays an important role in the activity of the nervous system. It ensures normal transportation of fat from the liver and its antitoxic function. A distinctive feature of the amino acids in rapeseed meal protein is that they contain sulfur and this is necessary for maintaining normal weight and human performance, because if its quantity is insufficient, the biological value of proteins decreases. The amino acid composition of rapeseed squeeze proteins is practically balanced and it has a positive effect on their digestibility. The consumption of dietary proteins in food generally has a positive effect on people's health. By supplying the body with essential amino acids, protein products are a source of dietary fiber that can form structural complexes with the therapeutic and physiological function of influencing intestinal motility and regulating cholesterol levels in the blood. Plant proteins reduce the level of serum lipids in patients with hyperlipidemia and, in connection with this, interest in replacing animal proteins with plant proteins is increasing [16]. It is known that the lack of at least one essential amino acid causes a negative nitrogen balance, disruption of the nervous system, growth arrest and incomplete absorption of others. The dependence of the functioning of the body on the amount of essential amino acids is used to determine the biological value of proteins using chemical methods. We calculated the amino acid score of proteins in squeeze from rapeseed seeds grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan using the method of H. Mitchell and R. Blok. ( Mitchell, Block, 1946 ) [6]. In accordance with which the amino acid composition of the studied samples is compared with the amino acid composition of the ideal protein adopted by the FAO-WAO expert committee in 1973. [10] by determining the amino acid score. Scor is expressed as a percentage or as a dimensionless value and represents the ratio of the content of an essential amino acid (EA) in the protein under study to its amount in the reference protein. When calculating the speed, the formula is as follows AKS \(\:=\frac{\left(\text{M}2\:\text{a}\text{m}\text{i}\text{n}\text{o}\:\text{a}\text{c}\text{i}\text{d}\:\text{B}12\:\text{p}\text{r}\text{o}\text{t}\text{e}\text{i}\text{n}\right)}{\left(\text{M}2\:\text{a}\text{m}\text{i}\text{n}\text{o}\:\text{a}\text{c}\text{i}\text{d}\:\text{B}12\:\text{s}\text{t}\text{a}\text{n}\text{d}\text{a}\text{r}\text{d}\right)}х100\) Table 3 Results of amino acid protein of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan FAO / WHO (1973) Amino acids Adults FAO/WAO in 1973 Content of essential amino acids in rapeseed squeeze Amino acid score % Isoleucine 40 1.03 2.57 Leucine 70 2.28 3.25 Lysine 55 1.87 3.40 Methionine 35 0.87 2.48 Phenylalanine 60 1.20 2.00 Threonine 40 1.46 3.66 Tryptophan 10 0.431 4.31 Valin 50 1.42 2.84 Since rapeseed is grown in many countries of the world, we decided to compare the amino acid composition of the protein of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Belarusian selection. As shown by a comparative analysis of the amino acid composition of the protein, squeeze from rapeseed seeds grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan and Belarusian selection contains almost all essential amino acids, but in terms of quantitative composition it is inferior to squeeze from Belarusian seeds [ 4 ] . The next stage of our research was to study the mineral composition of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan . The obtained data are shown in Table 3 . Content of macro and micro elements in rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan Table 4 Macro and micro elements, % of dry matter content Content in rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan Contents in rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Belarus Aluminum 2.79 - Calcium 232.5 1520.7 Sodium 3.72 - Potassium 74.4 159.2 Iron 18.6 18.5 Magnesium 465 445.4 Phosphorus 1116 0.3 Bor 1.86 - Manganese 3.72 11.3 Copper 0.465 - Zinc 9.38 11.9 Data analysis table. 3. shows that in rapeseed varieties, Belarusian selection, the content of Ca and K is 1520.8 mg / 100 g and 1592.0 mg / 100 g, which exceeds the content of these elements in rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan several times, because in our samples, the content of these elements is respectively 232.5 mg / 100 g, and 74.4 mg / 100 g. In samples of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the P content is 1116 mg / 100 g. The P content in rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan is several times higher than in samples of Belarusian rapeseed selection. In our opinion, such a high gap in this indicator is due to the conditions for growing rapeseed and climatic conditions. As you know, P is part of all tissues of the body. Phosphorus is involved in the synthesis and breakdown of substances in cells, regulates metabolism and is found in nucleic acids. A deficiency of phosphorus in the diet leads to the fact that it will begin to use its own phosphorus - which leads to demineralization, disruption of structure - rarefaction. Considering the body's daily requirement of 1200 mg per day, administration as a food additive will help cover the body's phosphorus needs [ 1,2 ]. Rapeseed squeeze also has a high magnesium content Mg − 465 mg / 100g. M g magnesium ensures the body's metabolism and maintains the normal function of the nervous system and heart muscles. It also dilates blood vessels, stimulates bile secretion, and improves intestinal motility [1, 2]. Magnesium is poorly absorbed in the presence of phytin, excess fat, and is also a Ca antagonist. Considering the daily requirement of magnesium is 200–300 mg/day, it should be introduced as an additive into national dishes. It will cover the body's entire need for this element. As the data in Table 3 shows, rapeseed squeeze has a high content of C a. Ca is a structural component of bones and teeth. It is also part of cell nuclei, cellular and tissue fluids, and is involved in blood clotting. It is a difficult-to-digest element. Ca does not dissolve when entering the human body with food. In the alkaline environment of the small intestine, hard-to-digest Ca compounds are formed and when exposed to bile acids, it is absorbed by the body. Also, calcium is poorly absorbed with a high content of Mg and P. Their recommended ratio according to sources is 1:0.5 and 1:1.5. As can be seen from the data in table. 3, the quantitative ratio meets the above requirements. Potassium is one of the vital intracellular elements that regulates the acid-base balance in the blood. It reduces urine output, has protective properties against the unwanted effects of Na and normalizes blood pressure. Analyzing the data in Table 3 , it can be noted that the introduction of rapeseed squeeze as an additive to the national dishes of Uzbekistan will help increase the nutritional and biological value without increasing the cost of these products, which is one of the key factors. In our research work, we carried out a comparative analysis of the mineral composition of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan and Belarusian selection [4]. Analysis of the data in the figure shows that rapeseed squeeze obtained from rapeseed grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan is rich in minerals in its composition. Fluctuations in their content indicate their growing conditions and soil and climatic characteristics. There are no significant differences in the content of minerals grown in the two republics [12]. We also gave a comparative analysis between human needs and the content of minerals in rapeseed cake table. 5. Table 5 ​ The content of amino acid substances in rapeseed cake and the daily human need for minerals No. Name mineral substances Contents in rapeseed cake mg /100g Daily requirement, for adults, mg 1. Aluminum 279 8.6 2. Calcium 232.5 800.0 3. Sodium 3.72 400.0 4. Potassium 74.4 2500 5. Iron 18.6 14.0 6. Magnesium 465 400.0 7. Phosphorus 1116 1200.0 8. Bor 1.86 1.5 9. Manganese 3.72 1.8 10. Honey .0465 140 11. Zinc 9.38 815.0 And analysis of the data from the table. Shows that rapeseed cake contains all the necessary minerals. The rapeseed cake contains all the necessary minerals for human life. From the above studies, the following conclusions can be drawn. Conclusions Analysis of the amino acid composition of rapeseed squeeze obtained from rapeseed grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan shows that it contains all eight essential amino acids. Rapeseed squeeze contains a high content of leucine − 3.66%, lysine − 2.99%, valine − 2.24%, isoleucine − 2.24%, threonine − 1.99%, as well as partially replaceable arginine − 3.44%. This all indicates the high biological value of this raw material. The study also examined the mineral composition of rapeseed squeeze. Rapeseed squeeze is rich in minerals, and the high content of P, K, Ca, Mg Zn, Fe, Na and other elements shows that it can serve as a good source of food fortification and does not increase the cost of these dishes. Declarations Authorship criteria All authors equally contributed to the study and are equally responsible for the information published in this article. Conflict of interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Author Contribution Tukhtaboev Mokhirjon Rakhimjonovich senior lecturer at the Department of Biotechnology, Namangan State University. E-mail: [email protected] City Namangan, UzbekistanAtakhanov Shuxrat Nuriddinovich Doctor of Technical Sciences, Head of the Department of, Biotechnology, Namangan State University. Email: [email protected] City Namangan, UzbekistanMamadjanov Latifjon Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Biotechnology, Namangan State University. E-mail: [email protected] , City Namangan, UzbekistanRustamov Ilhomjon Komilovich Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Biology , Namangan State University Email: [email protected] ,City Namangan, UzbekistanSatimov A’zamjon Ikromovich: Namangan Engineering and Construction Institute; Email: satimovazamjon 76@ gmail.com Acknowledgement Bizni jamoamiz nomidan sizga shuni ma'lum qilamanki ushbu Rasmiy jurnalda maqola chop etish bizni eng katta orzularimizdan biri hisoblanadi! Bu borada sizlarga juda katta minnatdorchilik bildiramiz! Biz sizlarni juda qadrlaymiz va chin dildan yaxshi ko'ramiz. References Food chemistry. Nechaev AP, Traubenberg SE, Kochetkova AA, etc. Under. ed . AP Nechaeva.-SPb.: GIORD, 2001.-592 p. Skurukhin I.M., Shaternikov . VA How to eat properly.-2nd. ed., revised. And home. - M.: Agropromizdat , 1986.-256 p. Pakhomova ON Development and use of a functional food fortifier from rapeseed squeeze. Diss . on sois . scientist step. Candidate of Technical Sciences. Eagle. 2014.-162p. Vasilenko ZV Characteristics of the chemical composition of rapeseed squeeze, variety “Neman” of Belarusian selection. ZV Vasilenko, VI Nikulin, TV Trofimenko. Bulletin of the Belarusian State University of Food and Chemical Technologies. -2022, - N 2 [33]. pp. 27-36. GOST 32195-2013 Feed compound. Method for determining amino acid content. Block, RJ, Mitchell, HH (1946) The Correlation of the Amino Acid composition of Proteins with Nutritiv Value. Nutrition Abstracts Reviews, 16, 219-278. Atomic adsorption spectrometer SOLAAR S 2 N 228 U -02. Manufacturer: Thermo Company Elemental » USA . Renyazeva TV Functional properties of protein products from rapeseed and camelina squeezes. Equipment and technology of food production. Volume 15, Edition 4, Kemerovo. 2009 .- 4 pages. Toshev AD Prospects for the use of rapeseed squeeze in the nutrition of athletes / Toshev AD, Zhuravleva ND, Yarygina ES, Velyamov MT Pozdnyakovsky VM Man. Sport. Medicine. 2018. T.18. T 1. P 115-124. FAO/WHO (1973) Energy and protein requirements: Reports of a joint FAO/WHO ad has expert commutate. – Rome: FAO Nutrition Meetings Reports Series No. 52. Geneva WHO technical Report Series. No. 522. Degtyarev, IA, Fomenko, IA, Mizheva , AA, Serba. EA, Mashentseva , NG Protein preparations from rapeseed processing waste: a review of the current state and prospects for the development of existing technologies food systems, 6 (2), 159-170 http :// doi . Org /10.21825/2618-9771-2023-6-2-159-170 . Vasilenko ZV, Omarova EM, Trofimenko TV Features of the chemical composition of rapeseed squeeze http :/ / repasitory . Mgup / by sspui bit stream . Renyazeva TN, Renyazev AO, Kravchenko SN, Raznichenko I. Yu. Potential of rapeseed squeezes as a raw material for food purposes. HIPS. No. 2. -2020.-143-156s. Pokrovsky AA, Savashchenko IS, Samsonov MA, Marshak MS, Chernikov MI, Nogaller AM Medical nutrition. – M: Publishing House Medicine. 1971 .- 407 p. Shulvinskaya IV Application of proteins from seeds of the cabbage family for the enrichment of food products // News of universities. Food technology 2003- N – P. 83-84. Kolesnikova EA, Minakova AD Surukhanova IV Chemical composition and functional properties of protein-lipid fractions obtained from rapeseeds. // News of higher educational institutions. Food technology. -2014 ,- C19-21. Alizera-Sadeghi M., Rao AG A and Bhogya S. Evaluation of mustard (Brassica juncea ) protein isolate prepared by steam injection heating for reduction of antinutritional factor // LWT Food Sei . Technol-2006. Vol. 39.- P.911-917 Shmakov P.F., Chaunina E.A. , Shabasheva E.I. Kovalenko I.B. Composition and nutritional value of sunflower, flax and camelina cake obtained from seeds of Siberian varieties. Feeding farm animals and feed production – 2008, - No. 7.-p.66-72. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. 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Tukhtaboev","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA1UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYPCCAyCC8QEDg4QMYcVsYA1gLcwGQC08JGlhkwAShLXozu8xk/5Qc0fO4HiPWdWNGgseBukzBni1mB3jMTY4cOyZscGZM2a3c44BHcaXQ1CL4YMDbIcTN9xIS7udwwbUwsNDUIvBgQP/gFruP0srzvlHnBbDBwfbQLYwH2PObSNKS1qxwdm+Z8aSZ5IPS+f2SfCw8bAV4Ndy+PA2iYpvd+T4jh9s/JzzrU6On4d5A14tcKBwAMpgI049EMg3EK10FIyCUTAKRhoAAPkzRg8TMprKAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Namangan State University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mokhirjon","middleName":"","lastName":"Tukhtaboev","suffix":""},{"id":478786981,"identity":"fb5a04cd-c1f5-4c1d-91c2-27285c7fa8c8","order_by":1,"name":"Shuxrat Atakhanov","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Namangan State University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shuxrat","middleName":"","lastName":"Atakhanov","suffix":""},{"id":478786989,"identity":"4c0609a8-bff8-4a7c-b8e4-274d050f950c","order_by":2,"name":"A’zamjon Satimov","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Namangan State University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"A’zamjon","middleName":"","lastName":"Satimov","suffix":""},{"id":478786991,"identity":"a937ddba-1101-43fa-a6ef-eaf950146176","order_by":3,"name":"Latifjon Mamadjanov","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Namangan State University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Latifjon","middleName":"","lastName":"Mamadjanov","suffix":""},{"id":478786993,"identity":"06e3c981-32c3-41f8-b138-42710097e2d1","order_by":4,"name":"Ilhomjon Rustamov","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Namangan State University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ilhomjon","middleName":"","lastName":"Rustamov","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-06-29 09:38:04","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7001854/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7001854/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":86254994,"identity":"d12fad7e-44d3-415b-980e-8cf89a1415d1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-08 13:25:33","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":91740,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003erapeseed\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7001854/v1/0d221a5a7fd4c32279a8403a.jpg"},{"id":86254998,"identity":"59c27933-5f38-4900-94a7-b664ed3fda9e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-08 13:25:33","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":164569,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003erapeseed cake\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7001854/v1/328cde23a3590e9ffb7c630b.jpg"},{"id":86255279,"identity":"267415aa-7878-46a7-a9d8-a5f8dd6c08da","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-08 13:33:33","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":66491,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eComparative analysis of the amino acid composition of protein squeeze from rapeseeds grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan and Belarusian selection [14].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs shown by a comparative analysis of the amino acid composition of the protein, squeeze from rapeseed seeds grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan and Belarusian selection contains almost all essential amino acids, but in terms of quantitative composition it is inferior to squeeze from Belarusian seeds [ 4 ] .\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7001854/v1/35ddcdaf9210dba2f833d2d6.png"},{"id":86255278,"identity":"5ec25c93-9653-42c8-bfd8-0898879737f9","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-08 13:33:33","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":111712,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eComparative analysis of the content of macro and microelements of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan and Belarusian selection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnalysis of the data in the figure shows that rapeseed squeeze obtained from rapeseed grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan is rich in minerals in its composition. Fluctuations in their content indicate their growing conditions and soil and climatic characteristics. There are no significant differences in the content of minerals grown in the two republics [12].\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7001854/v1/b8b946c8f1eca4c0824477b3.png"},{"id":86477378,"identity":"083460a9-b023-418a-8c8e-65f279268053","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-11 07:03:09","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1296174,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7001854/v1/670abf32-b22f-40dd-a74c-4bcb9dfb18e2.pdf"},{"id":86254995,"identity":"1894b7c4-956e-461a-9c44-c33181f4917b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-08 13:25:33","extension":"docx","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":13672,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"QoshimchamalumotAuthorshipcriteria.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7001854/v1/c3e9449782dc3f50e7e8834c.docx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Studying the amino acid and mineral composition of rape squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eCurrently, one of the priorities of the government of the Republic of Uzbekistan is to provide the population with nutritious, high-protein food products. The average daily physiological requirement of a person for protein is constantly studied by the Ministry of Health of the Republic and is reflected in the decisions of the relevant mines and authorities. These indicators are indicative in nature, as they depend on the person's age, gender, nature of the work performed, physiological state, weather conditions, as well as environmental pollution. According to the indicative recommendations of WHO and FAO, the optimal protein requirement is 60–100 g per day or 12–15% of the total caloric intake. In the total amount of energy, protein of animal and plant origin accounts for 6–8% each. In terms of 1 kg of body weight, the protein requirement per day for an adult is on average about 1 g, while for children, depending on age, it ranges from 1.05 to 4.00 g [1].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eRecommended protein standards developed by the Russian scientific school of nutrition include 73–120 g of protein per day for men and 60–90 g for women. Here, the lower limit is recommended for people not involved in physical labor, and the upper limit for people engaged in heavy physical labor [2].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor an adult man, the required level of protein consumption in terms of nitrogen is 9.0-9.2 g per day per 1 kg of body weight, and for persons suffering severe infections, surgical interventions, and having digestive and respiratory diseases, it can increase to 110–120 g, and in diabetics, its amount can reach 130–140 g [ 2,3 ].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThere is a shortage of dietary protein all over the world, including in our republic. Scientists are looking for new sources of protein that correspond to complete protein and contain all the essential amino acids. One type of such raw material is rapeseed squeeze. Rapeseed is an oilseed crop and its cultivation solves the problem of providing vegetable oil, and the squeeze after obtaining the oil is a source of protein, vitamins, and minerals [11] .\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe use of rapeseed squeeze as an additive to food products helps to increase the nutritional and biological value without increasing the cost of these products [13] .\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTaking into account the above, we decided to study the amino acid composition of protein and the content of minerals in the squeeze of rapeseed seeds grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan [15] .\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe purpose of the work\u003c/b\u003e is to study the amino acid composition and mineral content of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials and research methods","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe study used the \"Viking\" variety grown in the fields of the Republic of Uzbekistan and cake obtained from rapeseed. (Figure (1,2). In the experiments we used the squeeze obtained after obtaining the oil.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe amino acid composition of rapeseed squeeze proteins was studied according to GOST 32195 − 2013 [5].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFree forms of amino acids were extracted with dilute hydrochloric acid. Nitrogenous macromolecules extracted together with amino acids are precipitated with sulfosalicylic acid and filtered. The filtrate is adjusted to a value of 2.20 units. pH.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAmino acids are separated by ion exchange chromatography, reacted with ninhydrin, and their content is determined by photometric detection at a wavelength of 570 nm.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFrom ( 1.0000 \u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\:\\pm\\:\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e0.0002 ) g to ( 5.0000 \u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\:\\pm\\:\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e0.0002 ) g of sample is weighed on a scale and quantitatively transferred into a conical flask, 100.0 cm \u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e of extraction solution is added. The mixture is stirred for 60 minutes using a magnetic stirrer, allowed to settle, then 10.0 cm \u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e of the supernatant is pipetted into a beaker with a capacity of 100 cm \u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e .\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWhile stirring, add 5.0 cm \u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e of sulfosalicylic acid and continue stirring with a magnetic stirrer for 5 minutes. The solution is filtered or spun or centrifuged to remove precipitate. Place 10.0 cm \u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e of the resulting solution in a glass with a capacity of 100 cm \u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e and adjust the acidity of the solution to 2.20 units. pH sodium using hydroxide solution. Transfer quantitatively into a volumetric flask of the appropriate volume (necessary for chromatography) and adjust the volume of the solution to the mark with citrate buffer.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIf an internal standard is used, add 1.00 cm \u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e of internal standard for every 100 cm \u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e of the final volume of solution and make the volume to the mark with citrate buffer.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBefore chromatography, the temperature of the extract or hydrolyzate is brought to room temperature. Stir the mixture and filter the required amount through a membrane filter. The resulting clear solution is used for ion exchange chromatography (HPLC equipment).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSample injection can be done manually or automatically. It is important that equal amounts ( \u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\:\\pm\\:\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e0.5%) of standard and sample solution are injected into the column, except when using an internal standard (for chromatographic systems requiring low sodium concentrations) and when the ratio of amino acids in standard and sample solutions should be as low as possible closer.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe peak areas of the standard and sample are measured for each amino acid.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe amino acid content in the analyzed sample, w, g / kg, is calculated using the formula [1]\u003c/p\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"Equa\" class=\"Equation\"\u003e\u003cdiv format=\"TEX\" class=\"mathdisplay\" id=\"FileID_Equa\" name=\"EquationSource\"\u003e\n$$\\:W=\\frac{{A}_{0}*с*М*{V}_{0}}{{A}_{0}*m*1000};$$\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWhere A \u003csub\u003e0\u003c/sub\u003e is the peak area of the amino acid in the hydrolyzate and extract;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eC - molar concentration of amino acids in a standard solution, mol / dm \u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e ;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eM-molecular weight of amino acids\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eV \u003csub\u003e0\u003c/sub\u003e - total volume of hydrolyzate or calculated total volume of diluted extract, cm \u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e ;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAc is the peak area of an amino acid in a standard solution;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003em is the mass of the analyzed sample (adjusted for the initial mass for dry and or fat-free samples), g;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e100 is the conversion factor for volume units;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe amino acid score was calculated according to the method of H. Mitchell and R. Block [6].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe study of the mineral composition of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan was carried out using the atomic absorption method using a SOLAR atomic absorption spectrometer. S 2 [6–7].\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results of the work and their discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eAs we indicated above, today the big problem that needs to be solved is providing the country's population with high-protein food products. Various sources are considered as a source of protein to meet needs. These are plant or animal raw materials. One of the promising areas for providing protein to the country's population is rapeseed squeeze. As shown by the literature analysis, thanks to the work of breeders, rapeseed varieties were created, with a small amount of erucic acid (0–2%) and glucosinylates (less than 20 micrograms) called two-zero ( oo ), and “ ooo ” varieties of rapeseed, with yellow seeds ( with a low content of not only erucic acid, glucosinolates, but also fiber) contributed to an increase in rapeseed crops and its processing of Viking and Ruyan varieties. All of the above varieties have a low acid and glucosinylates content; in the future, the area under rapeseed will be increased. This increase in the area under rapeseed will help solve problems with providing the population with vegetable oil, and the processing of secondary raw materials will serve to solve the problem of protein supply.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAs you know, the quality of a protein is determined by its amino acid profile .\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eOilseed proteins have a well-balanced amino acid composition, in particular rapeseed proteins. We studied the amino acid composition of rapeseed proteins in the laboratories of the Institute of Certification and Standardization.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor the most complete picture, we compared the amino acid composition of oilseed cakes (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eCompound irreplaceable amino acids cakes oilseeds crops\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e\u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/caption\u003e\u003ccolgroup cols=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eIrreplaceable amino acids\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eCake sunflower variety Vanguard\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eCake linen variety Issikulsky\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eCake camelina variety Omich\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003erapeseed cake ( Uzbekistan ) mg/100g\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/thead\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eValin\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1,7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2,02\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2,38\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1,42\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eIsoleucine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e7,7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1,51\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0,99\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1,03\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eLeucine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e13,5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2,43\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2,19\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2,28\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e4.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eLysine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e12,9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1,63\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1,76\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1,87\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e5.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eTreanine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e13,7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1,16\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1,40\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1,46\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eMethionine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e8,4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0,45\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0,63\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0,87\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e7.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePhenicalanine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e11,3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1,35\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1,78\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1,20\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e8.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eTryptophan\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e4,4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0,59\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0,33\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0,43\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tbody\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAs the analysis of the data in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e shows .\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ecake contains all the essential amino acids of the crops [18].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eData on the amino acid composition of rapeseed cakes in comparison with soybean cakes are given in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e. [ 4 ].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e\u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAmino acid composition of rapeseed squeezes\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/caption\u003e\u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNames of indicators, units of measurement\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eTest results\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eRegulatory document (methodology) for test methods)\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAmino acid content of soybean meal\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAmino acid content in rapeseed squeeze g / 100g protein\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAmino acid content in rapeseed squeeze of Belarusian selection\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/thead\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eProtein, %\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e34.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e36.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eGOST 13496.4–2019\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"4\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNonessential amino acids\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAlanin\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.11\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.73\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.04\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"7\" rowspan=\"8\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eGOST 32195 − 2013\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAspartic acid\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e5.66\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.72\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e4.88\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eGlycine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2,078\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.66\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eGlutamic acid\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e8.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.26\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e7.98\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eProline\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.62\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.11\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.77\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSerin\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.60\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.41\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.92\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eTyrosine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.70\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.71\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eCysteine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.724\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.20\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"4\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eEssential amino acids\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eArginine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.44\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.84\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.74\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\" morerows=\"9\" rowspan=\"10\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eGOST 32195 − 2013\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eValin\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.24\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.42\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e4.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eHistidine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.21\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.03\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.54\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eIsoleucine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.18\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.03\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.08\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eLeucine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.66\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.28\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.00\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eLysine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.99\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.87\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.82\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eMethionine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.406\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.001\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eThreonine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.95\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.46\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eTryptophan\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.65\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.431\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.40\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePhenylalanine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.24\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.95\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tbody\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eData analysis table. 2 shows that in rapeseed squeeze protein, almost all the amino acids of soy protein are present. Rapeseed seed squeeze contains a high content of leucine (2.28 g / 100 g), phenylalanine (1.2 g / 100 g), isoleucine (1.03 g / 100 g). It also contains methionine (0.87 g / 100 g), tryptophan (0.431 g / 100 g). This indicates that rapeseed squeeze protein has a complete amino acid composition.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAs we indicated above, the main goal of this research work is the use of rapeseed squeeze as an additive to increase the nutritional and biological value of the national dishes of the Republic of Uzbekistan. As an analysis of the amino acid composition of protein squeeze from rapeseed grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan shows, it contains up to 2.28% leucine, which is an essential amino acid that is not synthesized by the cells of the body, but enters the body exclusively from proteins that are part of food. Lack or absence of leucine in the human body can lead to weight loss, development and growth arrest, as well as metabolic disorders [ 1,8,17 ].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAnother essential amino acid of rapeseed squeeze protein is lysine 1.87%. Lysine is a relatively metabolically inert amino acid and does not actively participate in the reversible processes of transamination or deamination, but plays an important role in the formation of hemoglobin and increases capillary permeability.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eLysine deficiency promotes the development of dental caries [20].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAlso, a high content of essential amino acids valine, threonine, phenylalanine, of which threonine promotes the growth of skeletal mice, is part of immune proteins and a number of digestive enzymes, plays a major role in the synthesis of purines and glycine, serves as a source of energy, and phenylalanine is converted into tyrosine and adrenaline. Thyroxine, formed from tyrosine, plays an important role in the activity of the thyroid gland, increasing its functional ability and valine, which maintains the proper level of serotonin and, together with leucine and isoleucine, serves as a high source of energy in the body [9].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSqueeze protein from rapeseed seeds grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan also contains methionine [0.87%], tryptophan [0.43%], isoleucine [1.03 g], which are also essential and play an important role in the functioning of the human body. For example, methionine is an amino acid containing sulfur and plays an important role in the activity of the nervous system. It ensures normal transportation of fat from the liver and its antitoxic function. A distinctive feature of the amino acids in rapeseed meal protein is that they contain sulfur and this is necessary for maintaining normal weight and human performance, because if its quantity is insufficient, the biological value of proteins decreases. The amino acid composition of rapeseed squeeze proteins is practically balanced and it has a positive effect on their digestibility. The consumption of dietary proteins in food generally has a positive effect on people's health. By supplying the body with essential amino acids, protein products are a source of dietary fiber that can form structural complexes with the therapeutic and physiological function of influencing intestinal motility and regulating cholesterol levels in the blood. Plant proteins reduce the level of serum lipids in patients with hyperlipidemia and, in connection with this, interest in replacing animal proteins with plant proteins is increasing [16].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIt is known that the lack of at least one essential amino acid causes a negative nitrogen balance, disruption of the nervous system, growth arrest and incomplete absorption of others.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe dependence of the functioning of the body on the amount of essential amino acids is used to determine the biological value of proteins using chemical methods. We calculated the amino acid score of proteins in squeeze from rapeseed seeds grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan using the method of H. Mitchell and R. Blok. ( Mitchell, Block, 1946 ) [6]. In accordance with which the amino acid composition of the studied samples is compared with the amino acid composition of the ideal protein adopted by the FAO-WAO expert committee in 1973. [10] by determining the amino acid score. Scor is expressed as a percentage or as a dimensionless value and represents the ratio of the content of an essential amino acid (EA) in the protein under study to its amount in the reference protein. When calculating the speed, the formula is as follows\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAKS\u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\:=\\frac{\\left(\\text{M}2\\:\\text{a}\\text{m}\\text{i}\\text{n}\\text{o}\\:\\text{a}\\text{c}\\text{i}\\text{d}\\:\\text{B}12\\:\\text{p}\\text{r}\\text{o}\\text{t}\\text{e}\\text{i}\\text{n}\\right)}{\\left(\\text{M}2\\:\\text{a}\\text{m}\\text{i}\\text{n}\\text{o}\\:\\text{a}\\text{c}\\text{i}\\text{d}\\:\\text{B}12\\:\\text{s}\\text{t}\\text{a}\\text{n}\\text{d}\\text{a}\\text{r}\\text{d}\\right)}х100\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e\u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eResults of amino acid protein of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan FAO / WHO (1973)\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/caption\u003e\u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAmino acids\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAdults\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFAO/WAO in 1973\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eContent of essential amino acids in rapeseed squeeze\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAmino acid score %\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/thead\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eIsoleucine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.03\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.57\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eLeucine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e70\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.28\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.25\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eLysine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e55\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.87\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.40\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eMethionine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.48\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePhenylalanine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e60\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.20\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.00\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eThreonine\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.46\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.66\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eTryptophan\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.431\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e4.31\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eValin\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.42\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.84\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tbody\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eSince rapeseed is grown in many countries of the world, we decided to compare the amino acid composition of the protein of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Belarusian selection.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAs shown by a comparative analysis of the amino acid composition of the protein, squeeze from rapeseed seeds grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan and Belarusian selection contains almost all essential amino acids, but in terms of quantitative composition it is inferior to squeeze from Belarusian seeds [ 4 ] .\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe next stage of our research was to study the mineral composition of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan .\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe obtained data are shown in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eContent of macro and micro elements in rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e\u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/caption\u003e\u003ccolgroup cols=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eMacro and micro elements, % of dry matter content\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eContent in rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eContents in rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Belarus\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/thead\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAluminum\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.79\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eCalcium\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e232.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1520.7\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSodium\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.72\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePotassium\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e74.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e159.2\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eIron\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e18.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e18.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eMagnesium\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e465\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e445.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePhosphorus\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1116\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eBor\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.86\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eManganese\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.72\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e11.3\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eCopper\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e0.465\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eZinc\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e9.38\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e11.9\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tbody\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eData analysis table. 3. shows that in rapeseed varieties, Belarusian selection, the content of Ca and K is 1520.8 mg / 100 g and 1592.0 mg / 100 g, which exceeds the content of these elements in rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan several times, because in our samples, the content of these elements is respectively 232.5 mg / 100 g, and 74.4 mg / 100 g. In samples of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan, the P content is 1116 mg / 100 g. The P content in rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan is several times higher than in samples of Belarusian rapeseed selection. In our opinion, such a high gap in this indicator is due to the conditions for growing rapeseed and climatic conditions. As you know, P is part of all tissues of the body. Phosphorus is involved in the synthesis and breakdown of substances in cells, regulates metabolism and is found in nucleic acids. A deficiency of phosphorus in the diet leads to the fact that it will begin to use its own phosphorus - which leads to demineralization, disruption of structure - rarefaction. Considering the body's daily requirement of 1200 mg per day, administration as a food additive will help cover the body's phosphorus needs [ 1,2 ]. Rapeseed squeeze also has a high magnesium content Mg − 465 mg / 100g.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eM g magnesium ensures the body's metabolism and maintains the normal function of the nervous system and heart muscles. It also dilates blood vessels, stimulates bile secretion, and improves intestinal motility [1, 2].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMagnesium is poorly absorbed in the presence of phytin, excess fat, and is also a Ca antagonist.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eConsidering the daily requirement of magnesium is 200–300 mg/day, it should be introduced as an additive into national dishes. It will cover the body's entire need for this element.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAs the data in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e shows, rapeseed squeeze has a high content of C a. Ca is a structural component of bones and teeth. It is also part of cell nuclei, cellular and tissue fluids, and is involved in blood clotting. It is a difficult-to-digest element. Ca does not dissolve when entering the human body with food. In the alkaline environment of the small intestine, hard-to-digest Ca compounds are formed and when exposed to bile acids, it is absorbed by the body. Also, calcium is poorly absorbed with a high content of Mg and P. Their recommended ratio according to sources is 1:0.5 and 1:1.5. As can be seen from the data in table. 3, the quantitative ratio meets the above requirements. Potassium is one of the vital intracellular elements that regulates the acid-base balance in the blood. It reduces urine output, has protective properties against the unwanted effects of Na and normalizes blood pressure. Analyzing the data in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, it can be noted that the introduction of rapeseed squeeze as an additive to the national dishes of Uzbekistan will help increase the nutritional and biological value without increasing the cost of these products, which is one of the key factors.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn our research work, we carried out a comparative analysis of the mineral composition of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan and Belarusian selection [4].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAnalysis of the data in the figure shows that rapeseed squeeze obtained from rapeseed grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan is rich in minerals in its composition. Fluctuations in their content indicate their growing conditions and soil and climatic characteristics. There are no significant differences in the content of minerals grown in the two republics [12].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eWe also gave a comparative analysis between human needs and the content of minerals in rapeseed cake table. 5.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab5\" border=\"1\"\u003e\u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e​ The content of amino acid substances in rapeseed cake and the daily human need for minerals\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/caption\u003e\u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eNo.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eName mineral substances\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eContents in rapeseed cake\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003emg /100g\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eDaily requirement, for adults, mg\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/th\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/thead\u003e\u003ctbody\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAluminum\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e279\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e8.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eCalcium\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e232.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e800.0\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSodium\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.72\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e400.0\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e4.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePotassium\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e74.4\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e2500\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e5.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eIron\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e18.6\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e14.0\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eMagnesium\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e465\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e400.0\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e7.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePhosphorus\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1116\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1200.0\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e8.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eBor\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.86\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.5\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e9.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eManganese\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.72\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.8\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e10.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eHoney\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e.0465\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e140\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e11.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eZinc\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e9.38\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e815.0\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/tbody\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAnd analysis of the data from the table. Shows that rapeseed cake contains all the necessary minerals. The rapeseed cake contains all the necessary minerals for human life.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFrom the above studies, the following conclusions can be drawn.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eAnalysis of the amino acid composition of rapeseed squeeze obtained from rapeseed grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan shows that it contains all eight essential amino acids. Rapeseed squeeze contains a high content of leucine \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.66%, lysine \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;2.99%, valine \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;2.24%, isoleucine \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;2.24%, threonine \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1.99%, as well as partially replaceable arginine \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3.44%. This all indicates the high biological value of this raw material. The study also examined the mineral composition of rapeseed squeeze. Rapeseed squeeze is rich in minerals, and the high content of P, K, Ca, Mg Zn, Fe, Na and other elements shows that it can serve as a good source of food fortification and does not increase the cost of these dishes.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthorship criteria\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll authors equally contributed to the study and are equally responsible for the information published in this article.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConflict of interest\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare no conflict of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eAuthor Contribution\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eTukhtaboev Mokhirjon Rakhimjonovich senior lecturer at the Department of Biotechnology, Namangan State University. E-mail: [email protected] City Namangan, UzbekistanAtakhanov Shuxrat Nuriddinovich Doctor of Technical Sciences, Head of the Department of, Biotechnology, Namangan State University. Email: [email protected] City Namangan, UzbekistanMamadjanov Latifjon Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Biotechnology, Namangan State University. E-mail: [email protected], City Namangan, UzbekistanRustamov Ilhomjon Komilovich Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Biology , Namangan State University Email: [email protected] ,City Namangan, UzbekistanSatimov A\u0026rsquo;zamjon Ikromovich: Namangan Engineering and Construction Institute; Email: satimovazamjon 76@ gmail.com\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAcknowledgement\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eBizni jamoamiz nomidan sizga shuni ma'lum qilamanki ushbu Rasmiy jurnalda maqola chop etish bizni eng katta orzularimizdan biri hisoblanadi! Bu borada sizlarga juda katta minnatdorchilik bildiramiz! Biz sizlarni juda qadrlaymiz va chin dildan yaxshi ko'ramiz.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFood chemistry. Nechaev AP, Traubenberg SE, Kochetkova AA, etc. Under. ed . AP Nechaeva.-SPb.: GIORD, 2001.-592 p.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSkurukhin I.M., Shaternikov . VA How to eat properly.-2nd. ed., revised. And home. - M.: Agropromizdat , 1986.-256 p.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePakhomova ON Development and use of a functional food fortifier from rapeseed squeeze. Diss . on sois . scientist step. Candidate of Technical Sciences. Eagle. 2014.-162p.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVasilenko ZV Characteristics of the chemical composition of rapeseed squeeze, variety \u0026ldquo;Neman\u0026rdquo; of Belarusian selection. ZV Vasilenko, VI Nikulin, TV Trofimenko. Bulletin of the Belarusian State University of Food and Chemical Technologies. -2022, - N 2 [33]. pp. 27-36.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGOST 32195-2013 Feed compound. Method for determining amino acid content.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBlock, RJ, Mitchell, HH (1946) The Correlation of the Amino Acid composition of Proteins with Nutritiv Value. Nutrition Abstracts Reviews, 16, 219-278.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAtomic adsorption spectrometer SOLAAR S 2 N 228 U -02. Manufacturer: Thermo Company Elemental \u0026raquo; USA .\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRenyazeva TV Functional properties of protein products from rapeseed and camelina squeezes. Equipment and technology of food production. Volume 15, Edition 4, Kemerovo. 2009 .- 4 pages.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eToshev AD Prospects for the use of rapeseed squeeze in the nutrition of athletes / Toshev AD, Zhuravleva ND, Yarygina ES, Velyamov MT Pozdnyakovsky VM Man. Sport. Medicine. 2018. T.18. T 1. P 115-124.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFAO/WHO (1973) Energy and protein requirements: Reports of a joint FAO/WHO ad has expert commutate. \u0026ndash; Rome: FAO Nutrition Meetings Reports Series No. 52. Geneva WHO technical Report Series. No. 522.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDegtyarev, IA, Fomenko, IA, Mizheva , AA, Serba. EA, Mashentseva , NG Protein preparations from rapeseed processing waste: a review of the current state and prospects for the development of existing technologies food systems, 6 (2), 159-170 http :// doi . Org /10.21825/2618-9771-2023-6-2-159-170 .\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVasilenko ZV, Omarova EM, Trofimenko TV Features of the chemical composition of rapeseed squeeze http :/ / repasitory . Mgup / by sspui bit stream .\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRenyazeva TN, Renyazev AO, Kravchenko SN, Raznichenko I. Yu. Potential of rapeseed squeezes as a raw material for food purposes. HIPS. No. 2. -2020.-143-156s.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePokrovsky AA, Savashchenko IS, Samsonov MA, Marshak MS, Chernikov MI, Nogaller AM Medical nutrition. \u0026ndash; M: Publishing House Medicine. 1971 .- 407 p.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShulvinskaya IV Application of proteins from seeds of the cabbage family for the enrichment of food products // News of universities. Food technology 2003- N \u0026ndash; P. 83-84.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKolesnikova EA, Minakova AD Surukhanova IV Chemical composition and functional properties of protein-lipid fractions obtained from rapeseeds. // News of higher educational institutions. Food technology. -2014 ,- C19-21.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlizera-Sadeghi M., Rao AG A and Bhogya S. Evaluation of mustard (Brassica juncea ) protein isolate prepared by steam injection heating for reduction of antinutritional factor // LWT Food Sei . Technol-2006. Vol. 39.- P.911-917\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShmakov P.F., Chaunina E.A. , Shabasheva E.I. Kovalenko I.B. Composition and nutritional value of sunflower, flax and camelina cake obtained from seeds of Siberian varieties. Feeding farm animals and feed production \u0026ndash; 2008, - No. 7.-p.66-72.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Rapeseed squeeze, protein, amino acid composition, mineral composition, macro and microelements, amino acid score, essential amino acids, biological value","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7001854/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7001854/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"As the country's population grows, the need for protein products increases. It is necessary to provide the country's population with food products of increased biological and nutritional value. Various protein-containing additives introduced into food recipes play a huge role in this. One of the sources that increases the nutritional and biological value of food products is rapeseed squeeze.\nThe purpose of the work was to study the amino acid and mineral composition of rapeseed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The object of the study was squeezed from rapeseed seeds grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan of the Viking variety. The amino acid composition of rapeseed squeeze proteins was studied according to GOST 32195-2013 [4]. The mineral composition of rapeseed seed squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan was determined using the atomic adsorption method on a SOLAR atomic adsorption spectrometer. S 2. Squeeze from rapeseed grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan contains almost all essential amino acids. Rapeseed seed squeeze contains a high content of leucine (2.28 g /100g), phenylamine (1.2 g /100g), isoleucine (1.03 g/ 100g), methionine (0.87 g/ 100g), tryptophan (0.431 g/ 100g). This indicates that the proteins in rapeseed squeeze have a complete amino acid composition.'","manuscriptTitle":"Studying the amino acid and mineral composition of rape squeeze grown in the Republic of Uzbekistan","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-07-08 13:25:28","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7001854/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"83389ad9-47cf-46ca-a2fc-635cd55f4414","owner":[],"postedDate":"July 8th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-07-11T06:54:58+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-07-08 13:25:28","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7001854","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7001854","identity":"rs-7001854","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}