Vulnerability of physical infrastructure network components to damage from the 2015 Illapel tsunami, Coquimbo, Chile

Abstract This study presents physical infrastructure network component vulnerability during the 2015 Illapel tsunami in Coquimbo, Chile. We analyse road and utility pole vulnerability to damage, based on interpolated and simulated tsunami hazard intensity (depth, velocity and hydrodynamic force) and network component characteristics. A Random Forest Model and Spearman’s Rank correlation test are applied to analyse variable importance and monotonic relationships, with respect to damage, between tsunami hazards and network component attributes. These models and tests reveal that flow depth correlates higher with damage, relative to flow velocity and hydrodynamic force. Scour (for roads and utility poles) and debris strikes (for utility poles) are strongly correlated with damage A cumulative link model methodology is used to develop fragility curves. the fragility curves reveal that, in response to flow depth, Coquimbo roads have higher vulnerability than those analysed in previous tsunami event studies, while utility poles demonstrate lower vulnerability than with previous studies. Although we identify flow depth as the most important hydrodynamic hazard intensity metric, for causing road and utility pole physical damage, fragility curves representing multiple hazard intensities provide a holistic suite for analysing physical infrastructure network component damage and disruption for future tsunami events.