Early evolution of faults in crystalline basement by organized fracturing and damage zonation

Early evolution of faults in crystalline basement by organized fracturing and damage zonation | Authorea try { document.documentElement.classList.add('js'); } catch (e) { } var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'G-8VDV14Y67G']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Skip to main content Preprints Collections Wiley Open Research IET Open Research Ecological Society of Japan All Collections About About Authorea FAQs Contact Us Quick Search anywhere Search for preprint articles, keywords, etc. Search Search ADVANCED SEARCH SCROLL This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 21 January 2026 V1 Latest version Share on Early evolution of faults in crystalline basement by organized fracturing and damage zonation Authors : Folarin Kolawole 0000-0002-5695-2778 [email protected] , Ze'ev Reches , and Brett M Carpenter Authors Info & Affiliations https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176903347.70874938/v1 Published Journal of Structural Geology Version of record Peer review timeline 133 views 84 downloads Contents Abstract Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract We analyze the internal structure of the Off-Road Fault Zone (ORFZ) that is an immature fault zone exposed in the texturally homogenous granitic basement of southern Oklahoma. The internal structure of this ~260 m-wide fault zone is dominated by multiple fracture systems, and we utilize satellite, high-resolution drone images, and field observations to map and characterize these fault-fracture systems. We also applied a 2-D shallow electrical resistivity imaging to investigate the down-dip structure of the fault zone. It was found that ORFZ hosts steep NE-striking fracture clusters with predominantly tensile fractography, enechelon segmentation, few horizontally striated slickensided surfaces, hematite-veins, epidote veins, and distributed gouge-lenses. Scan-line fracture mapping revealed systematic fracture intensity zonation: a. Intensity of >10 m-1 interpreted as the core-cluster (CC); b. Intensities of 1-9.99 m-1, and 0.1-0.99 m-1, regarded as the inner cluster and outer cluster of the damage zone; and c. Fracture intensity <0.1 m-1 is the background, country rocks. The CCs occur across the fault zone but are most predominant and most densely packed in the southeastern margin of the fault zone. Also, the gouge lenses and slickensided fracture surfaces are localized in the CCs, indicating increasing shear deformation concurrent with increasing fracture saturation. The resistivity tomography image shows the principal slip zone as a narrow 70°NW-dipping conductor located at the exposed margin of the widest CC with thick gouge lenses. The mapped deformation field presents a hanging wall-directed damage asymmetry and margin-confinement of highest strain zone, exemplifying dipcontrolled early evolution of strike-slip faults in the crystalline crust. Supplementary Material File (early evolution of faults by organized fracturing_kolawole et al_preprint.pdf) Download 12.32 MB Information & Authors Information Version history V1 Version 1 21 January 2026 Peer review timeline Published Journal of Structural Geology Version of Record 1 Jul 2026 Published Copyright This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Keywords fault evolution fault zone fracture fracture cluster granite strike-slip fault Authors Affiliations Folarin Kolawole 0000-0002-5695-2778 [email protected] Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University View all articles by this author Ze'ev Reches School of Geosciences, University of Oklahoma View all articles by this author Brett M Carpenter School of Geosciences, University of Oklahoma View all articles by this author Funding Information Geological Society of America 11968-18 Folarin Kolawole Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 133 views 84 downloads .FvxKWukQNSOunydq8rnd { width: 100px; } Citations Download citation Folarin Kolawole, Ze'ev Reches, Brett M Carpenter. Early evolution of faults in crystalline basement by organized fracturing and damage zonation. Authorea . 21 January 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176903347.70874938/v1 If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download. For more information or tips please see 'Downloading to a citation manager' in the Help menu . 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