Neurophysiological and Biochemical Correlations of Sensory Hypersensitivity: A Multimodal EEG and Study of Salivary Microelements and Antioxidants

Neurophysiological and Biochemical Correlations of Sensory Hypersensitivity: A Multimodal EEG and Study of Salivary Microelements and Antioxidants | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Neurophysiological and Biochemical Correlations of Sensory Hypersensitivity: A Multimodal EEG and Study of Salivary Microelements and Antioxidants Ivan V. Mikheev, Elena V. Proskurnina, Mikhail A. Proskurnin, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8798062/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Sensory hypersensitivity, which is characterized by heightened reactivity to auditory, tactile, visual, or olfactory stimuli, remains poorly understood in neurotypical populations. This study investigated the neurophysiological and biochemical correlations of sensory hypersensitivity in healthy adults using EEG, psychometric assessments, and determination of salivary microelements and salivary antioxidant potential. Participants ( N = 50) were stratified into hypersensitive (HS) and non-hypersensitive (NHS) groups across four sensory modalities. EEG revealed distinct event-related potential (ERP) patterns, including reduced P100 and N270 amplitudes in HS groups during multimodal stimulation. Biochemical analysis showed that visual hypersensitivity was associated with altered copper and iron dynamics, while tactile and auditory hypersensitivity correlated with antioxidant depletion following sensory exposure. Additionally, we found the differences in fractal dimension (FD) and power spectral density (PSD) with lower FD in olfactory-sensitive individuals and reduced beta1 activity in auditory-sensitive participants. Self-reports confirmed higher anxiety, fatigue, and irritation in HS groups. These findings suggest that sensory hypersensitivity involves a complex interplay of cortical hyperexcitability, oxidative stress, and trace element imbalance, supporting the potential for targeted interventions such as antioxidant supplementation or sensory modulation therapies. Sensory hypersensitivity multimodal EEG salivary antioxidants salivary microelements Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 1. Introduction It is well known that some individuals experience heightened sensitivity to touch, odors, sounds, or light, even in the absence of neurological or psychiatric conditions. While some people may find certain textures, sounds, or smells overwhelmingly unpleasant, others remain unaffected by the same stimuli (Kuiper et al., 2019 , Silverstein et al., 2016 ). This variability suggests that sensory hypersensitivity is not merely a psychological trait but may be rooted in distinct neurophysiological and biochemical mechanisms. For example, auditory hypersensitivity—ranging from hyperacusis (often linked to middle ear inflammation or hearing loss) to milder sound sensitivities—has been associated with conditions like anxiety and autism spectrum disorder (Wheaton et al., 2012 ). A significant observation is the strong correlation between sensory hypersensitivity and anxiety within ASD (Shimono et al., 2025 ). Similarly, tactile hypersensitivity can manifest as an aversion to textures, tickling, or even light touch, possibly mediated by receptors such as TRPV1, which plays a role in irritant-induced discomfort (Yin et al., 2013 ). Recent EEG research has provided insights into the neural basis of hypersensitivity. Studies have shown that individuals with heightened sensory reactivity exhibit distinct electrophysiological patterns, such as altered event-related potentials (ERPs) and oscillatory activity. For instance, Salvati et al. found that visual hypersensitivity correlates with increased gamma oscillations in the occipital cortex and shorter P100 latencies, indicating hyperactive visual processing (Salvati et al., 2025 ). Similarly, auditory hypersensitivity has been linked to delayed P2 latencies, suggesting deficits in perceptual rather than sensory processing (Hebert et al., 2004 ). In autism-related genetic syndromes like Fragile X, hypersensitivity is associated with elevated gamma power and enlarged ERPs, likely due to GABAergic dysfunction (Neklyudova et al., 2022 , Razak et al., 2021 ). These findings highlight the role of cortical excitability and inhibitory deficits in sensory over-responsiveness. Beyond neural mechanisms, emerging evidence suggests that biochemical factors—particularly antioxidant status and trace element imbalances—play a critical role in hypersensitivity. For example, individuals with autism often exhibit toxic metal accumulation (e.g., lead, mercury) alongside deficiencies in essential minerals like zinc and magnesium, which may exacerbate sensory abnormalities (Blazewicz and Grabrucker, 2022 , Lakshmi Priya and Geetha, 2011 ). Zinc deficiency has been associated with immune dysfunction and skin hypersensitivity, while copper and iron dysregulation may contribute to conditions like fibromyalgia (Zeng et al., 2025 ). Oxidative stress has been implicated in sensory processing disruptions, with some studies reporting decreased antioxidant levels in hypersensitive individuals following sensory challenges (Novikov et al., 2021 ). In addition, the ability to cope with stress has been correlated with salivary antioxidant capacity and trace element homeostasis. Individuals presenting with maladaptive stress coping approaches are characterized by lower antioxidant capacity and dysregulated zinc and potassium concentrations (Portnova et al., 2026 ). Disturbances in antioxidant (e.g., GSH) and transition metal (Fe, Cu, Zn) ratios may be a common early link in sensory processing dysregulation in neurotypical adults (Roy et al., 2023 ). Here, we explored these interactions using a multimodal oddball paradigm combining auditory stimuli with tactile, olfactory, or photic inputs. As demonstrated previously, concurrent tactile and olfactory stimulation reduced N200/N270 amplitudes, which suggests altered conflict detection in hypersensitive individuals. Previously, we found increased theta power and fractal dimension shifts in those subjects who perceived the stimuli as pleasant, whereas those subjects who found them unpleasant showed antioxidant depletion (Portnova et al., 2023 ). These findings align with prior research linking hypersensitivity to both neural hyperexcitability and metabolic disturbances (Mammen et al., 2017 ). Healthy adults can objectively measure sensory hypersensitivity using standardized questionnaires that capture subjective reactivity across auditory, tactile, visual, and olfactory modalities. The Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale (WNSS) Hyperacusis Questionnaire (HQ) capture auditory discomfort beyond hearing thresholds (Anari et al., 1999 , Schecklmann et al., 2024 ). Experiences and Attitudes Questionnaire (TEAQ-37) could differentiate tactile aversion from normative touch experiences (Trotter et al., 2018 ). Visual Light Sensitivity Questionnaire-8 (VLSQ-8) was effectively used to quantify photophobia and detect hypersensitivity (Verriotto et al., 2017 ). Odor Awareness Scale (OAS) could assess odor-triggered distress without confounds like allergies (Smeets et al., 2008 ). These tools were chosen for validation in healthy populations and ability to discriminate subtle hypersensitivity without clinical diagnoses. By integrating EEG, biochemical markers, and psychometric assessments, this study aims to uncover the complex interplay between brain function, antioxidant status, and trace element profiles in sensory hypersensitivity. Understanding these mechanisms could pave the way for targeted interventions such as dietary adjustments, antioxidant supplementation, or sensory modulation therapies for individuals with heightened sensory reactivity. Future research should further explore how genetic, developmental, and environmental factors converge to shape these sensory phenotypes. 2. Methods Participants The study was conducted under the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Approval #1, January 15, 2020). The first level exclusion criteria included: the scores by Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) over 13 scores, age younger 20 or older 35 years, over 15 scores by Hyperacusis questionnaire (HQ), no history of psychiatric or neurological diseases, respondents couldn’t be sensitive in over two modalities or unable to take part in the EEG study. 84 from 267 respondents passed through the first - level exclusion criteria and were invited to participate in the EEG study (Fig. 1 ). From the 62 participants who came for the experimental study 3 participants had EEG abnormalities, and 8 had missing data (for 5 participants, one of the saliva Eppendorf vials was missed or saliva was collected incorrectly, for 3 participants, any of the experimental blocks was missed). Finally, the study group included 50 participants with complete EEG recordings and biochemical data (see Table 1 for the demographic details). According to the questionnaire results that estimated the tactile, auditory, visual or olfactory sensitivity of the participants, they were divided into 8 subgroups as follows (Fig. 1 , Table 1 ): 1. Auditory Hypersensitivity (AS vs. AnS) Auditory-sensitive (AS) group : 19 participants scoring 5–15 on the Hyperacusis Questionnaire (HQ) (Anari et al., 1999 , Schecklmann et al., 2024 ) and higher than population norms on the Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale (WNSS) (Isaacs et al., 2020 ) were classified as AS. These participants reported moderate discomfort to everyday sounds (e.g., traffic, chewing) without diagnosed hearing pathology. Auditory non-sensitive (AnS) group : Participants with HQ scores < 2 and below-average WNSS scores (Isaacs et al., 2020 ) were categorized as AnS, indicating minimal sound intolerance. 2. Tactile Hypersensitivity (TS vs. TnS) Tactile-sensitive (TS) group : Individuals ( n = 17) scoring < 120 on the Touch Experiences and Attitudes Questionnaire (TEAQ-37) (Trotter et al., 2018 ) were classified as TS, reflecting aversion to textures, light touch, or clothing seams. Tactile non-sensitive (TnS) group : Participants ( n = 19) with TEAQ-37 scores > 140 (Trotter et al., 2018 ) were deemed TnS, indicating high tactile comfort and low sensory avoidance. 3. Visual Hypersensitivity (VS vs. VnS) Visual-sensitive (VS) group : 18 participants scoring > 20 on the Visual Light Sensitivity Questionnaire-8 (VLSQ-8) (Verriotto et al., 2017 ) were classified as VS, reporting discomfort to bright/flashing lights (e.g., sunlight, screens). Visual non-sensitive (VnS) group : 18 participants with VLSQ-8 scores 100 on the Odor Awareness Scale (OAS) (Smeets et al., 2008 ) were classified as OS, reflecting heightened sensitivity/reactivity to smells (e.g., perfumes, food odors). Olfactory non-sensitive (OnS) group : Participants ( n = 18) with OAS scores < 80 (Smeets et al., 2008 ) were deemed OnS, indicating low olfactory reactivity. Table 1 The demographic data and questionnaire scores for the subgroups. Groups n Gender (f|m) Statistics Age HQ WNSS TEAQ VLSQ-8 OAS AQ BDI AnS 23 12|11 Mean 27.5 0.35 37.8 122.7 18.1 99.5 14.9 4.3 SD 4.4 0.06 6.8 22.5 6.2 26.8 4.8 2.7 AS 19 10|9 Mean 26.8 11.6 87.5 125.5 17.2 97.5 14.9 3.8 SD 3.6 2.5 9.0 21.5 6.9 24.9 5.5 3.1 TnS 19 10|9 Mean 26.1 3.9 51.9 148.5 17.1 99.6 15.2 3.8 SD 3.8 4.9 14.5 2.7 6.4 27.2 5.2 2.2 TS 17 8|9 Mean 27.6 3.8 57.8 101.6 17.3 97.9 15.2 3.1 SD 4.8 4.9 14.5 10.3 6.6 28.5 4.7 3.2 VnS 18 9|9 Mean 28.0 3.3 52.3 129.8 10.3 94.7 16.3 4.1 SD 3.9 4.9 15.5 21.5 1.3 26.5 5.6 3.4 VS 18 10|8 Mean 27.1 3.7 56.2 130.6 25.8 97.7 15.4 4.0 SD 3.8 3.3 12.6 18.4 6.9 25.1 5.6 3.1 OnS 18 10|8 Mean 26.6 3.3 50.9 124.6 15.2 76.8 16.1 3.9 SD 3.8 1.5 7.8 15.9 6.5 26.1 5.7 2.9 OS 19 10|9 Mean 26.8 3.1 49.5 132.1 17.4 122.5 15.4 3.8 SD 3.9 1.5 8.2 8.4 6.1 24.2 5.7 3.0 AS, auditory sensitive; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; TnS, tactile non-sensitive; VS, visually sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive; HQ, Hyperacusis questionnaire, WNSS, Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale, TEAQ, Touch Experiences and Attitudes Questionnaire; VLSQ-8, Visual Light Sensitivity Questionnaire-8; OAS, The Odor Awareness Scale; AQ, Autism Spectrum Quotient. Questionnaires First, we asked participants to fill out the questionnaires (Table 1 ). The Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) which have the total score ranges from 10 to 50 less (scores lower than 22 indicates healthy levels of fatigue) was used to assess the level of fatigue (De Vries et al., 2003 ). Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) was used to measure anxiety level (Kroenke et al., 2007 ). The brief irritability test (BITe) with 1 to 5 scores was used to assess the irritation levels (Holtzman et al., 2015 ). The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used to assess daytime sleepiness (Johns, 1991 ). All participants exhibited scores within normal ranges across key psychometric measures. Fatigue levels, assessed by the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), were consistently healthy to mild. Anxiety scores on the GAD-7 ranged from 0–6, indicating minimal to mild anxiety, while irritability levels measured by the Brief Irritability Test (BITe) fell within normal to mild ranges. Daytime sleepiness, evaluated via the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), showed no abnormalities (scores < 7). These findings confirm that the study population, while exhibiting sensory hypersensitivity, maintained typical psychological functioning without severe comorbid symptoms. The descriptive statistics and intergroup differences (the p -values for the Mann-Whitney U-test) are presented in Table 2 . Table 2 The descriptive statistics and intergroup differences. Group Statistics Questionaries Stimuli assessments * FAS GAD-7 BITe ESS "+" "–" Ar Irr T AS Mean 25.4 2.46 3.59 5.324 3 6.4 5.4 5.33 — SD 6.9 0.5 0.6 1.1 1.7 1.3 1.8 1.8 — AnS Mean 12.3 0.89 1.36 1.77 5.2 2.9 3.1 1.5 — SD 5.7 0.4 0.5 1 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 — p -value** 0,002 0.032 0.003 0.005 0.041 0.003 0.014 0.002 — VS Mean 15.9 1.55 2.21 3.19 2.14 6.9 6.1 6.7 — SD 7.4 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.4 0.9 1.8 1.1 — VnS Mean 17.6 1.64 2.24 3.71 3.82 2.54 1.7 1.99 — SD 6.9 0.5 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.5 1.3 — p -value 0,261 0.913 0.711 0.743 0.035 < 0.001 0.009 < 0.0.1 — TS Mean 16.9 1.6 2.13 3.34 0.8 7.98 6.9 7.7 5.76 SD 7.2 0.7 0.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.8 1.8 1.3 TnS Mean 17.2 1.52 2.29 3.46 3.8 4.72 3.15 3.06 1.64 SD 6.8 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.1 1 0.6 0.8 0.8 p -value 0.913 0.773 0.583 0.773 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.005 < 0.001 0.039 OS Mean 22.8 1.56 2.26 4.72 3.01 5.3 4.12 3.88 — SD 5 0.6 0.7 1 1.3 1.2 0.9 1 — OnS Mean 14.1 1.65 2.19 2.55 5.27 2.08 2.14 0.77 — SD 5.9 0.6 0.8 1.1 1.5 1.4 1.4 0.7 — p -value 0.008 0.645 0.878 0.013 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 — AS, auditory sensitive; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; TnS, tactile non-sensitive; VS, visually sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive; AOC, antioxidant capacity; FAS, Fatigue Assessment Scale; GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7; BITe, Brief Irritability Test; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale. * The assessments calculated for each group were depicted for the corresponding modality of stimuli ( "+ ", Pleasantness, "– ", Unpleasantness, Ar, arousal, Irr, irritability, T, tickling); ** p -value for the Mann-Whitney U-test. Stimuli We used an oddball paradigm with a frequent standard stimulus, a rare target stimulus and a fixed interstimulus interval (1000 ms). A tone with a frequency of 1500 Hz and a duration of 150 ms was used as a non-target (standard) stimulus; a tone with a frequency of 2000 Hz and the same duration was used as a target (deviant) stimulus. The stimuli were presented at a volume of 70 dB through headphones. The experimental conditions were presented in a pseudo-random order with the following probabilities: 80% non-target stimuli, 20% target stimuli. The stimuli were presented in a random order; however, two target stimuli were not allowed to follow each other. In each experimented block, the 400 auditory stimuli (320 standard and 80 deviant) were presented. The following experimental conditions were presented in pseudo random order for each participant: Single sound paradigm (“Sound” or “S”), when only auditory stimuli were presented. We combined auditory stimulation with tactile stimulation provided by peacock feathers. (“Sound + Tickling” or “S+T”). The participant's face, neck, neckline, and hands (shoulder, forearm, and hand) were stimulated during the whole oddball paradigm duration in a pseudo-random order. We combined auditory stimulation with the 10 Hz photic stimulation (rhythmic flashes) were transmitted from an EEG synchronized lamp placed approximately 20 cm away from the subject's closed eyes (“Sound + Flashlight” or “S+F”). We combined auditory stimulation with the inhalation odor from a bottle of ichthyol ointment placed approximately 3 cm from the participant's nose (“Sound + Odor” or “S+O”). Stimuli assessment After each experimental block, we asked participants to assess the presented stimuli by the following scales: Pleasantness (0–10), Unpleasantness (0–10), Arousal (0–10), Irritability (0–10), Tickling (0–10, only for tactile stimulus). There was a break of approximately 30 seconds between blocks. Schematic visualization of the experimental blocks of the paradigm is presented in Figure 2. Saliva sampling The first saliva sample was obtained before the start of the experimental procedure; and the second saliva sample was obtained after the end of the experimental procedure. The participants were warned do not take stimulants (caffeine immediately before the experiment, alcohol, drugs the night before) or other sedatives. Saliva was collected for an empty stomach by spitting. Before that, the participants rinsed their mouths with boiled water. The volume of saliva collected for the study amounted to at least 1 mL. Saliva samples were frozen at –20°C and stored for no more than a month before testing for trace elements. Antioxidant capacity assay using enhanced chemiluminescence Antioxidant capacity of saliva was assessed with the enhanced chemiluminescence protocol as described elsewhere (Alekseev et al., 2012). Briefly, the chemiluminescent system consisted of a source of free radicals (ABAP) 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (Sigma, USA) and a chemiluminescent probe luminol (Sigma, USA). A luminol solution of 1 mmol/L and an ABAP solution of 50 mmol/L were prepared by dissolving weighed samples in a phosphate buffer solution (100 mM KH 2 PO 4 , pH 7.4, Sigma, USA). The chemiluminescence was recorded at 37°C until the steady-state level had been achieved, then an aliquot of 200 μL of saliva was added. The detection was performed until the new steady-state level was achieved. The antioxidant capacity was calculated as the area of plot depression after the addition of the antioxidant to the system. The measurements were performed in triplicate. A Lum-1200 chemiluminometer (DISoft, Russia) was used. Signal processing was performed with PowerGraph 3.3 Professional software (DISoft, Russia). Trace element quantitation using atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma Frozen biomaterial samples (saliva) at –18℃, pre-thawed for 45 min. Then, 50 μL of concentrated HNO 3 was added to a sample of 250–400 μL, stirred manually for 10 seconds, and then the sample volume was diluted up to 5000 μL using deionized water. Mg, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Cu were determined by the atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES) method. The measurement relative standard deviation (RSD, %) did not exceed 10%. The internal standard scandium 5% HNO 3 solution (20 mg/L) was used to improve the reproducibility of the results. The ICP-based methodology is consistent with established analytical standards for trace element quantification in biological fluids (Bernini et al., 2025). An Agilent 720 atomic emission spectrometer with an inductively coupled plasma was used. The spectrometer was optimized preliminarily for the Mn line at 257.610 nm (torch alignment protocol) to increase the sensitivity of the results. The robustness of the plasma was checked by Mg(II)/Mg(I) ratio (Dennaud et al., 2001) optimization were conducted by procedure describe in (Poimenova et al., 2026). At least three lines were used for each element, and then the results were averaged. Measurement conditions (operating parameters) are presented in Table 3. Table 3. Measurement conditions of atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma Power, W 1.30 Plasma flow rate, L/min 18 Auxiliary flow rate, L/min 1.5 Nebulizer flow rate, L/min 0.7 Replicate read time, s 25 Stabilization time, s 35 Measurement repeats (replicates) 3 Sample uptake delays, s 25 Pump rate, rpm 12 Rinse time between samples, s 10 (by 2% w/v HNO 3 with 0.01% w/v Triton X-100) Element wavelengths, nm Cu: 213.598, 223.009, 224.700, 324.754, 327.395 Fe: 238.204, 258.588, 259.837, 258.940 Mg: 277.983, 279.553, 279.800, 280.270 (II) ionic line, 285.213 (I) atomic line, 383.230 Mn: 257.610, 259.372, 260.568, 293.305, 293.931 Zn: 202.548, 206.200, 213.857, 334.502 The internal standard wavelength, nm Sc 363.074 Concentration range for calibration, ppb Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn: 1–100; Mg: 20–2000. Intergroup comparison of the ERP amplitudes and latencies between groups We compared amplitudes and latencies of the ERP components between groups. According to the experimental paradigm the auditory stimuli was presented during single auditory paradigm (sound condition) and during multimodal stimulation simultaneously with peacock feather, unpleasant odor or 10 Hz photic stimulation. Thus, the ERP differences between AnS and AS groups were examined for all experimental conditions. The ERP component differences between VnS and VS groups, TnS and TS groups, and OnS and OS groups were assessed only for visual, tactile and olfactory multimodal stimulation correspondently. The ERP components were identified using automated peak detection in MATLAB (MathWorks, USA), followed by manual verification for each participant. P100 was detected as the peak positivity over parietal and occipital electrodes (P3, Pz, P4, O1, O2) within a time window of 80–150 ms. N200 was identified as a peak negativity over central electrodes (Fz, Cz, C3, C4, F3, F4) between 130–250 ms. N270 was measured as a peak negativity in fronto-central regions (Fz, Cz, C3, C4, F3, F4) within 250–350 ms. P300 extracted as a peak positivity over parietal sites (P3, Pz, P4) during 280–500 ms. LNC (Late Negative Component) was detected as a late negativity in fronto-central areas (Fz, Cz, C3, C4, F3, F4) within 400–800 ms. 3. Results Intergroup comparison of the microelements and antioxidant capacity levels in saliva The average levels of the antioxidant and microelement capacity during the 1st and 2nd saliva samples are presented in Table 4 . Table 4 Concentrations of microelements (Mg, Za, Mn, Cu, and Fe) and antioxidant capacity values for the subgroups under study before (the 1st point) and after (the 2nd point) presentation of the stimuli. Group Saliva sample Elements Mg (µg/L) Zn (µg/L) Mn (µg/L) Cu (µg/L) Fe (µg/L) AOC a.u. AS 1st Mean 7260 90 30 15 660 515 SD 1460 40 30 4 45 130 2nd Mean 7350 75 30 15 710 410 SD 1360 45 25 4 70 90 AnS 1st Mean 7345 83 13 16 684 400 SD 2685 50 8 9 69 130 2nd Mean 7685 79 36 13 689 367 SD 3870 38 22 7 69 107 VS 1st Mean 7873 79 18 15 654 447 SD 2428 34 19 9 38 101 2nd Mean 7944 70 39 15 721 369 SD 4457 35 23 8 71 104 VnS 1st Mean 7588 92 20 19 743 417 SD 2363 38 5 9 82 164 2nd Mean 7274 73 21 13 665 383 SD 3456 43 18 7 68 118 TS 1st Mean 7899 80 54 15 682 511 SD 3006 34 43 12 4 82 2nd Mean 7462 79 64 12 804 339 SD 1579 29 17 13 30 100 TnS 1st Mean 7525 80 11 23 741 381 SD 2033 43 10 4 73 179 2nd Mean 7617 64 14 16 668 407 SD 3041 35 7 3 59 39 OS 1st Mean 7643 89 15 18 657 422 SD 1597 46 6 8 39 25 2nd Mean 7313 40 37 16 705 363 SD 3315 11 25 8 83 143 OnS 1st Mean 7576 86 31 18 707 469 SD 3063 38 37 7 83 117 2nd Mean 7770 77 29 13 694 413 SD 4459 44 25 5 69 60 AS, auditory sensitive; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; TnS, tactile non-sensitive; VS, visually sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive; AOC, antioxidant capacity. There were no significant differences in the salivary microelement concentrations between groups. However, the group differences of the salivary copper and iron dynamics were revealed for visual (photic) sensitivity. The copper concentration decreased significantly after the experiment only in VnS group (mixed group*time effect (F(1, 36) = 17.51, p = 0.0005; partial η² = 0.27). The copper concentration was significantly higher for the 1st saliva sample compared to the 2nd one only in VnS group and didn’t differ in VS group (post-hoc Bonferroni test p < 0.0001) (Fig. 3 a). The iron concentration significantly decreased in the 2nd saliva sample compared to the 1st one in the VnS group and significantly increased in the 2nd saliva sample compared to the 1st one in the VS group (mixed group*time effect F(1, 36) = 15.31, p = 0.0011, partial η² = 0.19; post-hoc Bonferroni test p < 0.0001, Fig. 3 b). Though there were no significant differences in the antioxidant capacity values between groups, the dynamics of the salivary antioxidants were associated with tactile sensitivity. In particular, TS group showed higher decrease of the AOC during the study (F(1, 36) = 23.552, p < 0.0001; partial η² = 0.34), compared to the TnS (post-hoc Bonferroni test p < 0.0001) (Fig. 3 c). The AS group also demonstrated the decrease of the AOC during the study (F(1, 36) = 23.552, p < 0.0001; partial η² = 0.34), compared to the AnS (post-hoc Bonferroni test p < 0.0001) (Fig. 3 d). Intergroup comparison of the self-assessment scores between groups The AS group had significantly higher anxiety (F(1, 43) = 23.884, p = 0.00001; partial η² = 0.36) irritation (F(1, 32) = 28.754, p = 0.000; partial η² = 0.38), sleepiness (F(1, 43) = 34.465, p = 0.00000; partial η² = 0.42) and fatigue (F(1, 32) = 30.754, p = 0.000; partial η² = 0.40) rates (both before and after the study), than AS group (Fig. 4 , the upper panel). The OS group had significantly higher sleepiness (F(1, 32) = 7.8648, p = 0.00850; partial η² = 0.197) and fatigue (F(1, 32) = 8.7537, p = 0.00577; partial η² = 0.21) rates (both before and after the study), than OnS group (Fig. 4 , the lower panel). According to the questionnaires our participants demonstrated healthy to mild level of fatigue, mild to moderate levels of anxiety (GAD-7: 0–6 scores), average irritability levels and no abnormal sleepiness (scores < 7). The descriptive statistics and intergroup differences (the p -values for the Mann-Whitney U-test) are presented in Table 2 . ERP responses to multimodal vs unimodal stimuli The differences between the standard and deviant stimulus were typical in comparison to the previous findings and were revealed in all groups of participants. The study of multimodal standard stimuli revealed that the P100 amplitude was significantly reduced for all multimodal stimuli compared to the unimodal auditory oddball paradigm ( F (3, 39) = 4.3295, p = 0.00998, partial η² = 0.25). A similar effect was observed for the N270 amplitude , which was significantly larger for the unimodal stimuli than for the multimodal stimuli ( F (3, 39) = 3.820, p = 0.01842, partial η² = 0.21). For unimodal stimuli, the LNC exhibited significantly shorter latency ( F (3, 39) = 7.9270, * p * = 0.00030, partial η² = 0.35) and greater amplitude ( F (3, 39) = 3.820, p = 0.0202, partial η² = 0.21) compared to the multimodal stimuli. Comparing the deviant stimuli The differences between the multimodal deviant stimuli indicated that the P100 amplitude was significantly smaller for the unimodal stimuli than for the multimodal stimuli ( F (3, 39) = 4.0645, p = 0.01618, partial η² = 0.21). Meanwhile, the N200 and N270 amplitudes for the deviant stimuli only differed when the auditory paradigm was paired with the tactile or olfactory stimuli — their amplitudes were significantly reduced ( F (3, 39) = 9.7871, p = 0.00006, partial η² = 0.44). The intergroup comparison of the ERP amplitudes and latencies between groups Figure 5 . ERP patterns for eight groups of participants during presentation of the standard (A1, A3, B1, C1, D1) and deviant (A2, A4, B2, C2, D2) stimuli. Here, AS, auditory sensitive; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; TnS, tactile non-sensitive; VS, visually sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive. During single Sound stimulation, the P1 amplitude for the standard stimulus and the N270 amplitude for the deviant stimulus were significantly higher in auditory-non-sensitive participants (AnS) compared to auditory-sensitive ones (AS). The ERP differences between AnS and AS groups in multimodal series were detected only for the standard stimulus (A1 and A3 panels in Fig. 5 ). During photic stimulation (flashlights + sound) the N270 amplitude for the standard stimulus was significantly higher in AnS participants compared to AS (panels B1 and B2 in Fig. 5 ). During the tactile and odor stimulation, the amplitude of the P3a component was significant in the AnS group. Finally, the latency of the LNC was significantly higher in AnS group during tactile stimulation. The visual-non-sensitive (VnS) group compared to the visual sensitive (VS) participants had a significantly shorter latency of N200 for the standard stimulus and latency of N270 for the deviant stimulus. The olfactory-non-sensitive group had a lower N270 amplitude for the standard stimulus compared to the olfactory sensitive group. The tactile-non-sensitive participants had higher P3a amplitude and longer LNC latency for the deviant stimulus compared to the TS group. Table 5 Amplitudes and latencies of each detected ERP component for VnS, VS, OnS, OS, TnS, and TS groups; the data are presented as mean ± SD. VnS Stimuli P100 N200 N270 P300 LNC lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp Standard S + F 95.1 ± 9.6 2.4 ± 1.0 137.3 ± 8.8 2.3 ± 0.7 234.1 ± 17 1.0 ± 0.8 297 ± 33 1.7 ± 1.1 578.7 ± 12 1.1 ± 0.3 Deviant S + F 109.6 ± 6.2 3.7 ± 1.2 164.3 ± 13.5 3.8 ± 1.0 232.8 ± 10 3.8 ± 1.5 323 ± 6.9 2.5 ± 0.6 563.5 ± 11 2.1 ± 1.4 VS Stimuli P100 N200 N270 P300 LNC lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp Standard S + F 99.3 ± 11.6 2.3 ± 1.4 176.6 ± 14.6 2.3 ± 1.6 250.3 ± 20 0.6 ± 0.9 303.3 ± 24 2.0 ± 1.0 579.5 ± 28 1.0 ± 0.4 Deviant S + F 100.6 ± 12.2 4.0 ± 2.2 156.6 ± 20.4 4.1 ± 1.9 265.3 ± 14 3.6 ± 2.9 323.2 ± 23 3.0 ± 1.3 570.7 ± 27 2.4 ± 1.7 OnS Stimuli P100 N200 N270 P300 LNC lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp Standard S + O 92.9 ± 8.5 2.6 ± 0.7 156.0 ± 7.2 2.7 ± 0.4 227.3 ± 12 2.1 ± 0.3 335 ± 19 1.9 ± 0.3 576.1 ± 24 0.9 ± 0.3 Deviant S + O 97.8 ± 6.8 3.9 ± 0.8 160.3 ± 8.6 1.8 ± 0.4 244.7 ± 15 1.6 ± 0.4 336 ± 15 2.5 ± 0.9 579.1 ± 22 1.8 ± 1.5 OS Stimuli P100 N200 N270 P300 LNC lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp Standard S + O 93.2 ± 9.1 2.5 ± 0.4 156.0 ± 11.1 2.7 ± 1.1 247.1 ± 20 1.0 ± 0.5 336.7 ± 17 1.6 ± 1.2 569.3 ± 18 0.6 ± 0.3 Deviant S + O 98.0 ± 7.5 3.6 ± 0.6 159.1 ± 10.8 1.7 ± 2.0 242.9 ± 22 1.7 ± 0.7 337.4 ± 16 2.6 ± 0.9 585.6 ± 12 2.3 ± 0.9 TnS Stimuli P100 N200 N270 P300 LNC lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp Standard S + T 97.9 ± 11.5 3.0 ± 1.4 158.6 ± 14.8 3.2 ± 1.2 236.8 ± 25 0.4 ± 0.9 327.9 ± 27 2.2 ± 0.9 619.7 ± 15 0.8 ± 0.2 Deviant S + T 103.7 ± 13.5 4.1 ± 1.3 152.8 ± 15.7 2.4 ± 1.7 248.5 ± 13 2.6 ± 1.4 345.0 ± 24 4.2 ± 1.8 588.6 ± 8.1 1.3 ± 0.4 TS Stimuli P100 N200 N270 P300 LNC lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp Standard S + T 101.3 ± 11.8 2.8 ± 1.6 157.6 ± 9.4 3.5 ± 2.0 236.0 ± 34 0.5 ± 0.5 322.0 ± 19 1.7 ± 1.4 617.8 ± 24 0.8 ± 0.6 Deviant S + T 102.7 ± 8.2 3.6 ± 1.8 152.9 ± 16.0 2.1 ± 1.8 248.8 ± 24 2.0 ± 1.8 338.9 ± 18 2.8 ± 0.9 554.0 ± 11 1.4 ± 1.5 VS, visually sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; TnS, tactile non-sensitive. Table 6 Amplitudes and latencies of each detected ERP component for AnS and AS groups; the data are presented as mean ± SD. AnS Stimuli P100 N200 N270 P300 LNC lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp Standard stimuli S 103.8 ± 8.5 3.4 ± 1.2 162.5 ± 9.0 2.9 ± 1.5 232.3 ± 16 3.1 ± 1.2 321 ± 8.7 1.6 ± 1.9 575.1 ± 18 1.9 ± 0.3 S + T 99.7 ± 9.6 1.7 ± 0.6 160.3 ± 9.6 1.9 ± 0.8 234.1 ± 20 1.3 ± 0.6 327 ± 14.6 1.5 ± 0.7 619.6 ± 23 1.0 ± 0.5 S + F 94.9 ± 10.3 1.9 ± 1.1 151.8 ± 18.1 2.2 ± 1.2 242.0 ± 32 2.3 ± 0.5 312 ± 32 1.2 ± 1.1 611.1 ± 16 1.0 ± 0.4 S + O 99.8 ± 12.4 1.9 ± 0.8 153.9 ± 13.5 2.1 ± 1.2 248.8 ± 25 0.9 ± 0.4 327 ± 9.1 1.5 ± 1.0 612.0 ± 13 0.8 ± 0.3 Deviant stimuli S 104.5 ± 7.2 4.9 ± 2.3 143.1 ± 9.2 3.8 ± 2.1 240.8 ± 22 5.6 ± 1.2 356 ± 26 3.5 ± 3.1 592.4 ± 26 1.5 ± 1.9 S + T 97.0 ± 12.2 2.8 ± 1.4 162.2 ± 16.2 2.0 ± 1.3 248.5 ± 26 3.3 ± 1.1 353 ± 18.9 2.9 ± 1.6 593.0 ± 19 2.0 ± 1.1 S + F 108.1 ± 7.8 3.0 ± 1.6 165.3 ± 17.5 3.9 ± 1.3 254.3 ± 16 5.5 ± 1.4 325 ± 15.9 2.5 ± 0.9 608.4 ± 18 2.0 ± 1.4 S + O 107.2 ± 9.7 3.7 ± 1.6 160.7 ± 16.1 2.1 ± 1.6 248.0 ± 17 2.6 ± 1.0 336 ± 16.3 3.5 ± 1.5 603.7 ± 15 1.0 ± 0.8 AS Stimuli P100 N200 N270 P300 LNC lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp lat amp Standard stimuli S 95.0 ± 8.1 4.8 ± 1.7 158.5 ± 7.2 2.7 ± 2.1 241.0 ± 23 0.5 ± 1.1 321 ± 17.1 3.1 ± 1.5 545.4 ± 23 1.8 ± 0.6 S + T 91.4 ± 2.7 3.9 ± 1.5 152.3 ± 8.4 2.9 ± 0.9 223.1 ± 18 0.4 ± 1.3 332 ± 23 2.6 ± 0.7 578.9 ± 18 1.3 ± 0.3 S + F 91.2 ± 12.6 2.7 ± 1.1 144.6 ± 7.3 2.8 ± 1.4 223.9 ± 16 0.1 ± 0.9 337.3 ± 19 3.4 ± 1.1 570.4 ± 29 0.7 ± 0.3 S + O 96.8 ± 6.0 3.4 ± 1.3 148.5 ± 6.9 3.6 ± 1.7 223.8 ± 24 0.1 ± 1.2 339 ± 28 2.2 ± 0.7 578.1 ± 28 0.9 ± 0.3 Deviant stimuli S 96.1 ± 10.3 6.7 ± 2.6 152.6 ± 14.0 4.0 ± 0.9 250.8 ± 14 2.5 ± 2.3 342 ± 14.6 3.5 ± 2.2 585.9 ± 15 1.5 ± 1.2 S + T 94.2 ± 13.8 4.0 ± 1.4 159.8 ± 17.9 2.2 ± 2.0 264.8 ± 21 1.3 ± 1.3 339 ± 13.1 3.3 ± 1.6 584.2 ± 18 1.6 ± 1.0 S + F 95.4 ± 9.4 3.7 ± 1.7 149.6 ± 12.4 4.7 ± 2.2 263.0 ± 11 3.7 ± 2.4 337.5 ± 18 3.4 ± 1.1 593.9 ± 21 1.6 ± 1.6 S + O 97.1 ± 9.6 4.6 ± 1.0 154.5 ± 10.3 2.2 ± 1.5 251.4 ± 19 1.7 ± 2.1 334 ± 22.4 3.9 ± 1.3 580.5 ± 20 1.7 ± 1.7 AnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive. Intergroup comparison of the fractal dimension and power spectral density The FD did not differ between experimental series. However, the OS and OnS groups differed: the olfactory sensitive participants had lower FD in all experimental series and the resting state, compared to the OnS group. The group differences in the PSD were found regarding to the auditory sensitivity (Fig. 6 ). The AS group had lower beta1-rhythm PSD in the frontal and central areas for all experimental conditions (stimulation and the resting state). The mixed-stimuli group effect was also revealed between AS and AnS groups (F(68, 2788) = 5.1144, p = 0,0000). First, the higher difference of the theta-rhythm PSD between auditory stimulation and multimodal stimulation (the latter was lower) was found in AnS group and was absent in the AS group (F(4, 164) = 7.1463, p = 0.00002). Unlike the AS group (had no differences), participants of the AnS group had lower beta1-rhythm PSD during stimulation compared to the resting state. At the same time, the AS group had higher alpha1-rhythm PSD during stimulation compared to the resting state, and AnS group didn’t have significant differences in alpha1 diapason (F(3, 123) = 6.3120, p = 0.00051). The correlation analysis FD was correlated with the perceived pleasantness of tactile ( r = 0.56, p = 0.002) and olfactory stimuli (r = 0.59, p < 0.001). Specifically, lower perceived pleasantness of stimuli was associated with reduced FD in the corresponding experimental series. Higher theta-rhythm power spectral density across all stimulus types was correlated with anxiety symptoms as measured by the GAD-7 ( r > 0.48, p < 0.007). Hjorth complexity during flashlight perception correlated with arousal ( r = 0.52, p = 0.004) and irritation levels ( r = 0.49, p = 0.006) during stimulus presentation. Longer N270 latency during the perception of all stimulus types was associated with higher irritation levels ( r > 0.54, p < 0.002) during stimulus exposure. An increase in salivary iron concentration during the study was linked to higher Hjorth complexity and FD in the experimental series ( r < 0.50, p < 0.005) in central and frontal regions. Conversely, a decrease in AOC significantly correlated with Hjorth complexity across all multimodal series in the same regions ( r < − 0.48, p < 0.007). 4. Discussion The present study provides novel insights into the neurophysiological and biochemical underpinnings of sensory hypersensitivity in neurotypical adults, aligning with and extending previous research on stress-mediated sensory reactivity, trace element dynamics, and oral biochemistry. Our findings suggest that hypersensitivity to specific sensory modalities is associated with distinct patterns of cortical excitability, oxidative stress, and trace metal fluctuations, which may reflect broader environmental sensitivity and stress-related mechanisms. Our study found that individuals with auditory hypersensitivity (the AS group) exhibited higher anxiety and irritation levels, supporting the hypothesis that sensory intolerance may be linked to heightened stress reactivity. The observed reductions in antioxidant capacity following sensory stimulation in hypersensitive individuals further suggest that oxidative stress may mediate this relationship, as chronic stress depletes endogenous antioxidants (Novikov et al., 2021 ). The correlation between theta-rhythm power spectral density and anxiety (GAD-7 scores) in our study reinforces the idea that hyperexcitability in sensory processing networks may be exacerbated by stress, contributing to heightened perceptual sensitivity. The findings of the ERP analysis also showed reduced P100/N270 amplitudes in hypersensitive groups during multimodal stimulation, showing impaired early sensory integration and conflict detection. These findings mirror Salvati et al. who reported gamma hyperactivity in visually hypersensitive individuals (Salvati et al., 2025 ), and Zlotnik et al . who linked delayed P2 latencies to perceptual deficits in auditory processing (Zlotnik et al., 2018 ). The lower fractal dimension in olfactory-sensitive participants suggests reduced neural complexity, possibly reflecting inefficient sensory filtering. This aligns with the "neural noise" hypothesis in hypersensitivity, where decreased inhibitory tone (e.g., GABAergic dysfunction) amplifies sensory input (Neklyudova et al., 2022 ). The current findings reveal important neurophysiological differences in fractal dimension and power spectral density between sensory-hypersensitive and non-sensitive individuals, providing new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying sensory processing differences. Our results demonstrate that olfactory-sensitive participants exhibited significantly lower FD across all experimental conditions compared to olfactory-non-sensitive individuals. This finding aligns with previous research showing that reduced neural complexity, as measured by FD, is associated with less efficient information processing in sensory systems (Jeong, 2020 ). The observed correlation between lower FD and reduced pleasantness ratings for both tactile ( r = 0.56) and olfactory ( r = 0.59) stimuli suggests that decreased neural complexity may contribute to the heightened sensory discomfort reported by hypersensitive individuals, consistent with studies linking FD to sensory gating efficiency (Lee et al., 2010 ). In the auditory domain, we found that auditory-sensitive individuals showed reduced beta1-rhythm PSD in frontal and central regions across all conditions. The study also revealed interesting dynamics: while AnS participants showed expected decreases in theta-rhythm PSD during multimodal stimulation compared to unimodal auditory stimulation, this modulation was absent in AS individuals. This suggests impaired sensory integration in hypersensitive individuals, supporting theories of deficient top-down modulation in sensory processing disorders (Gomez-Ramirez et al., 2011 ). The observed differences in alpha1-rhythm PSD between when individuals with auditory hypersensitivity showed increased alpha power during stimulation may reflect compensatory mechanisms to attenuate sensory input. This interpretation is supported by studies demonstrating that alpha oscillations play an active role in sensory suppression (Jensen and Mazaheri, 2010 ). The correlation between higher theta PSD and anxiety symptoms further supports the well-established relations between theta activity and stress responses (Aftanas and Golocheikine, 2001 ), suggesting that sensory hypersensitivity may be mediated by anxiety-related neural patterns. The significant correlations between Hjorth complexity and both arousal and irritation during photic stimulation extend previous findings on the relationship between neural signal complexity and emotional responses to sensory stimuli (Miskovic et al., 2009 ). The association between longer N270 latency and higher irritation is particularly noteworthy, as it suggests that delayed conflict detection may contribute to negative emotional responses in hypersensitive individuals, consistent with event-related potential studies in sensory processing disorders (Davies et al., 2009 ). Biochemical correlations provide novel insights into potential mechanisms underlying these neural differences. The positive association between increased iron levels and both Hjorth complexity and FD ( r < 0.50) may reflect iron role in dopaminergic neurotransmission and neural efficiency (Beard et al., 1993 ). Conversely, the negative correlation between antioxidant depletion and neural complexity ( r < − 0.48) supports the oxidative stress hypothesis of sensory hypersensitivity (James et al., 2004 ), suggesting that redox imbalances may contribute to atypical sensory processing. Our biochemical analyses revealed modality-specific alterations in trace metals, with visual hypersensitivity (the VS group) showing significant fluctuations in post-stimulation salivary copper and iron levels. The decrease in Cu in visually non-sensitive (the VnS group) participants may reflect adaptive buffering mechanisms, whereas the lack of change in the VS individuals suggests dysregulated Cu metabolism, possibly linked to oxidative stress. Similarly, the increase in salivary Fe in the VS participants contrasts with systemic iron dynamics, where stress and iron deficiency paradoxically elevate salivary ferritin (Flora et al., 2021 , Kapoor et al., 2023 ). This discrepancy may arise from lactoferrin activity, which sequesters iron during stress responses (Reseco et al., 2021 ). The association between Fe dynamics and Hjorth complexity in our EEG data implies that iron may modulate neural signal variability, potentially influencing sensory gating. The observed depletion of antioxidants in tactile-sensitive (the TS group) and auditory-sensitive (the AS group) participants aligns with studies linking oxidative stress to sensory hyperexcitability (Zeng et al., 2025 ). Notably, tactile hypersensitivity was associated with a sharper decline in antioxidant capacity, suggesting that somatosensory reactivity may be particularly vulnerable to redox imbalances. This parallels findings by Norris et al ., where salivary metal profiles (e.g., Cu and Mn) correlated with oral Candida carriage, indicating that trace elements and oxidative status may influence both sensory perception and mucosal immunity (Norris et al., 2018 ). The interplay between oxidative stress, trace metals, and cortical hyperexcitability highlights potential intervention targets. For instance, dietary zinc or magnesium supplementation could mitigate oxidative stress in tactile/auditory hypersensitivity (Blazewicz and Grabrucker, 2022 ), while Cu-chelation strategies might benefit visually hypersensitive individuals. Sensory modulation therapies (e.g., controlled exposure to combined stimuli) could leverage multimodal ERP attenuation to desensitize hyperreactive networks. Limitations and Future Directions While our study advances understanding of sensory hypersensitivity, limitations include the focus on neurotypical adults and reliance on saliva biomarkers. During the future research we are planning to expand the research to clinical populations (e.g., autism spectrum disorders, fibromyalgia, or anxiety disorders) to assess generalizability. 5. Conclusions This study demonstrates that sensory hypersensitivity in neurotypical adults is associated with distinct neurophysiological and biochemical profiles. EEG findings revealed hyperexcitability (reduced P100/N270 amplitudes) and altered conflict detection (N200/N270 shifts) in hypersensitive individuals, particularly during multimodal stimulation. Biochemically, visual hypersensitivity was linked to iron/copper fluctuations, while tactile and auditory hypersensitivity correlated with antioxidant depletion, suggesting oxidative stress may exacerbate sensory reactivity. A lower fractal dimension in olfactory-sensitive participants and reduced beta1 power in auditory-sensitive individuals highlight modality-specific neural signatures. Psychometric data confirmed that hypersensitivity coincides with elevated anxiety, irritation, and fatigue. These results underscore the multifactorial nature of sensory hypersensitivity, implicating cortical excitability, metabolic disturbances, and subjective perceptual biases. Future research should explore genetic and environmental interactions, as well as therapeutic interventions targeting antioxidant pathways or sensory integration. Abbreviations AOC, antioxidant capacity; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; AS, auditory sensitive; AQ, Autism Spectrum Quotient; ERP, event-related potential; FD, fractal dimension; HQ, Hyperacusis questionnaire; HS, hypersensitive; NHS, non-hypersensitive; nS, non-sensitive; OAS, The Odor Awareness Scale; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; PSD, power spectral density; TEAQ, Touch Experiences and Attitudes Questionnaire; TnS, tactile non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; VS, visually sensitive; VLSQ-8, Visual Light Sensitivity Questionnaire-8; WNSS, Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale. Declarations Authorship contribution Ivan V. Mikheev: Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - Original Draft. Elena V. Proskurnina: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - Original Draft, Writing - Review & Editing. Mikhail A. Proskurnin: Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - Review & Editing. Galina V. Portnova: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data Curation, Writing - Original Draft, Writing - Review & Editing, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition. Acknowledgments The authors thank Dr. Kerova for assistance with initial stage data collection. Funding Budget funding from institute of higher nervous activity and neurophysiology of RAS Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Informed Consent: Written informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all individual participants prior to inclusion in the study. 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The Odor Awareness Scale: a new scale for measuring positive and negative odor awareness. Chem Senses 2008;33(8):725-34. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjn038. Trotter P, Belovol E, McGlone F, Varlamov A. Validation and psychometric properties of the Russian version of the Touch Experiences and Attitudes Questionnaire (TEAQ-37 Rus). PLoS One 2018;13(12):e0206905. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206905. Verriotto JD, Gonzalez A, Aguilar MC, Parel JA, Feuer WJ, Smith AR, et al. New Methods for Quantification of Visual Photosensitivity Threshold and Symptoms. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2017;6(4):18. https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.6.4.18. Wheaton MG, Mahaffey B, Timpano KR, Berman NC, Abramowitz JS. The relationship between anxiety sensitivity and obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2012;43(3):891-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2012.01.001. Yin S, Luo J, Qian A, Du J, Yang Q, Zhou S, et al. Retinoids activate the irritant receptor TRPV1 and produce sensory hypersensitivity. J Clin Invest 2013;123(9):3941-51. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI66413. Zeng W, Hu M, Ma L, Huang F, Jiang Z. Copper and iron as unique trace elements linked to fibromyalgia risk. Sci Rep 2025;15(1):4019. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-86447-4. Zlotnik S, Attias J, Pratt H, Engel-Yeger B. Neurophysiological Manifestations of Auditory Hypersensitivity Correlate with Daily Life Experiences. Neuroscience and Medicine 2018;09(01):29-45. https://doi.org/10.4236/nm.2018.91005. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8798062","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":590166639,"identity":"c9f6996a-8ddd-407d-83e7-8b9f51f467f3","order_by":0,"name":"Ivan V. Mikheev","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA5UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACZjY2MA0mP4AY7KRoYZwBYjATtAaqBaydB0wS0KDbzpb24EPFYQY+ieRnj21+bZPnY2Zg/PAxB7cWs8Nsxw1nnDnMwCaRZm6c23fbsI2ZgVly5jZ8WtjbpHnb0hjYeA6YSef23GYEamFj5iWk5e8/kJbj36Qte27bE6GF7Zg0Y4MNMGx7zKQZftxOJEZLmmTPMRseoJYyyd6G28ltzIzN+P1y/piZxI8aCTn5ZvZtEj/+3Lad39588MNHPFpgABwjDIxtYLKBsHoE+EOK4lEwCkbBKBgpAADZLkVEla91nQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Lomonosov Moscow State University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ivan","middleName":"V.","lastName":"Mikheev","suffix":""},{"id":590166640,"identity":"57a76fba-2894-427f-9941-7b3486db2e62","order_by":1,"name":"Elena V. Proskurnina","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of Reanimatology and Rehabilitation","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Elena","middleName":"V.","lastName":"Proskurnina","suffix":""},{"id":590166641,"identity":"335faa32-e632-41f4-a474-10f676f7f03b","order_by":2,"name":"Mikhail A. Proskurnin","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Lomonosov Moscow State University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mikhail","middleName":"A.","lastName":"Proskurnin","suffix":""},{"id":590166642,"identity":"9a539a40-86e5-4ee8-b9e6-24a85c123a07","order_by":3,"name":"Galina V. Portnova","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Galina","middleName":"V.","lastName":"Portnova","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-02-05 14:10:56","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8798062/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8798062/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":102621515,"identity":"76f5ec9e-0075-4ace-b38c-0a3a3c60ae1d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-02-13 16:51:16","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":112624,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe 1\u003csup\u003est\u003c/sup\u003e level criteria included the history of clinical symptoms, age, and the questionnaires’ results; the 2\u003csup\u003end\u003c/sup\u003e level criteria included the technical reasons, EEG abnormalities, absence of the EEG or biochemical data. Here, AS, auditory sensitive; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; TnS, tactile non-sensitive; VS, visually sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive; HQ, Hyperacusis questionnaire, WNSS, Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale, TEAQ, Touch Experiences and Attitudes Questionnaire; VLSQ-8, Visual Light Sensitivity Questionnaire-8; OAS, The Odor Awareness Scale; AQ, Autism Spectrum Quotient.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8798062/v1/8267817caa09c1c026d201eb.png"},{"id":102747509,"identity":"f3efd7f6-683f-485d-b05c-cc675e19e370","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-02-16 09:04:54","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":165939,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSchematic visualization of the experimental blocks of the paradigm; (a): the oddball paradigm; (b) four experimental blocks of the paradigm.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8798062/v1/7ef817cbb7690e044b1daf7a.png"},{"id":102621517,"identity":"a5dfd3ac-500c-4c72-80f0-87712e4acc44","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-02-13 16:51:16","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":159791,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eTemporal dynamics of the salivary microelements and antioxidant capacity levels: (a) salivary Cu in VS and VnS groups; (b): salivary Fe in VS and VnS groups; (c): the antioxidant capacity in TS and TnS group; (d): the antioxidant capacity in AS and AnS groups.The significant differences are marked with ‘**’. Here, AS, auditory sensitive; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; TnS, tactile non-sensitive; VS, visually sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8798062/v1/f508810aee0b4395a473672d.png"},{"id":102621519,"identity":"65638d9b-ccf0-4273-a337-31cd77f7f812","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-02-13 16:51:16","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":105905,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSignificant differences in self-assessment scores between groups marked with ‘**’. Here, AS, auditory sensitive; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive; AOC, antioxidant capacity\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8798062/v1/a9d74e3bd73c0d0f730017b4.png"},{"id":102621520,"identity":"f7640846-7eb9-4978-99be-c39be02867ac","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-02-13 16:51:17","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":192534,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eERP patterns for eight groups of participants during presentation of the standard (A1, A3, B1, C1, D1) and deviant (A2, A4, B2, C2, D2) stimuli. Here, AS, auditory sensitive; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; TnS, tactile non-sensitive; VS, visually sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8798062/v1/1af4332d402d1c2f71b53e44.png"},{"id":102747504,"identity":"9a57de99-55bf-442d-83ef-3a0d3ed3c870","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-02-16 09:04:53","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":190733,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePSD average values in AnS abd AS groups in the range 2–20 Hz with 1 Hz step.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8798062/v1/093a01f9be6225e14c896dc5.png"},{"id":106167704,"identity":"261ea7d7-ed9d-48fb-8657-a547faf11d03","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-05 03:24:21","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2820188,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8798062/v1/cab73c22-d53f-4090-b465-b6dcd9551fbb.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Neurophysiological and Biochemical Correlations of Sensory Hypersensitivity: A Multimodal EEG and Study of Salivary Microelements and Antioxidants","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eIt is well known that some individuals experience heightened sensitivity to touch, odors, sounds, or light, even in the absence of neurological or psychiatric conditions. While some people may find certain textures, sounds, or smells overwhelmingly unpleasant, others remain unaffected by the same stimuli (Kuiper et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e, Silverstein et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e). This variability suggests that sensory hypersensitivity is not merely a psychological trait but may be rooted in distinct neurophysiological and biochemical mechanisms. For example, auditory hypersensitivity\u0026mdash;ranging from hyperacusis (often linked to middle ear inflammation or hearing loss) to milder sound sensitivities\u0026mdash;has been associated with conditions like anxiety and autism spectrum disorder (Wheaton et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e). A significant observation is the strong correlation between sensory hypersensitivity and anxiety within ASD (Shimono et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e). Similarly, tactile hypersensitivity can manifest as an aversion to textures, tickling, or even light touch, possibly mediated by receptors such as TRPV1, which plays a role in irritant-induced discomfort (Yin et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRecent EEG research has provided insights into the neural basis of hypersensitivity. Studies have shown that individuals with heightened sensory reactivity exhibit distinct electrophysiological patterns, such as altered event-related potentials (ERPs) and oscillatory activity. For instance, Salvati et al. found that visual hypersensitivity correlates with increased gamma oscillations in the occipital cortex and shorter P100 latencies, indicating hyperactive visual processing (Salvati et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e). Similarly, auditory hypersensitivity has been linked to delayed P2 latencies, suggesting deficits in perceptual rather than sensory processing (Hebert et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e). In autism-related genetic syndromes like Fragile X, hypersensitivity is associated with elevated gamma power and enlarged ERPs, likely due to GABAergic dysfunction (Neklyudova et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e, Razak et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). These findings highlight the role of cortical excitability and inhibitory deficits in sensory over-responsiveness.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBeyond neural mechanisms, emerging evidence suggests that biochemical factors\u0026mdash;particularly antioxidant status and trace element imbalances\u0026mdash;play a critical role in hypersensitivity. For example, individuals with autism often exhibit toxic metal accumulation (e.g., lead, mercury) alongside deficiencies in essential minerals like zinc and magnesium, which may exacerbate sensory abnormalities (Blazewicz and Grabrucker, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e, Lakshmi Priya and Geetha, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e). Zinc deficiency has been associated with immune dysfunction and skin hypersensitivity, while copper and iron dysregulation may contribute to conditions like fibromyalgia (Zeng et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e). Oxidative stress has been implicated in sensory processing disruptions, with some studies reporting decreased antioxidant levels in hypersensitive individuals following sensory challenges (Novikov et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). In addition, the ability to cope with stress has been correlated with salivary antioxidant capacity and trace element homeostasis. Individuals presenting with maladaptive stress coping approaches are characterized by lower antioxidant capacity and dysregulated zinc and potassium concentrations (Portnova et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2026\u003c/span\u003e). Disturbances in antioxidant (e.g., GSH) and transition metal (Fe, Cu, Zn) ratios may be a common early link in sensory processing dysregulation in neurotypical adults (Roy et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHere, we explored these interactions using a multimodal oddball paradigm combining auditory stimuli with tactile, olfactory, or photic inputs. As demonstrated previously, concurrent tactile and olfactory stimulation reduced N200/N270 amplitudes, which suggests altered conflict detection in hypersensitive individuals. Previously, we found increased theta power and fractal dimension shifts in those subjects who perceived the stimuli as pleasant, whereas those subjects who found them unpleasant showed antioxidant depletion (Portnova et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). These findings align with prior research linking hypersensitivity to both neural hyperexcitability and metabolic disturbances (Mammen et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHealthy adults can objectively measure sensory hypersensitivity using standardized questionnaires that capture subjective reactivity across auditory, tactile, visual, and olfactory modalities. The Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale (WNSS) Hyperacusis Questionnaire (HQ) capture auditory discomfort beyond hearing thresholds (Anari et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1999\u003c/span\u003e, Schecklmann et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e). Experiences and Attitudes Questionnaire (TEAQ-37) could differentiate tactile aversion from normative touch experiences (Trotter et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e). Visual Light Sensitivity Questionnaire-8 (VLSQ-8) was effectively used to quantify photophobia and detect hypersensitivity (Verriotto et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Odor Awareness Scale (OAS) could assess odor-triggered distress without confounds like allergies (Smeets et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2008\u003c/span\u003e). These tools were chosen for validation in healthy populations and ability to discriminate subtle hypersensitivity without clinical diagnoses.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBy integrating EEG, biochemical markers, and psychometric assessments, this study aims to uncover the complex interplay between brain function, antioxidant status, and trace element profiles in sensory hypersensitivity. Understanding these mechanisms could pave the way for targeted interventions such as dietary adjustments, antioxidant supplementation, or sensory modulation therapies for individuals with heightened sensory reactivity. Future research should further explore how genetic, developmental, and environmental factors converge to shape these sensory phenotypes.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Methods","content":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eParticipants\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e The study was conducted under the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Approval #1, January 15, 2020).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe first level exclusion criteria included: the scores by Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) over 13 scores, age younger 20 or older 35 years, over 15 scores by Hyperacusis questionnaire (HQ), no history of psychiatric or neurological diseases, respondents couldn\u0026rsquo;t be sensitive in over two modalities or unable to take part in the EEG study.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e84 from 267 respondents passed through the first - level exclusion criteria and were invited to participate in the EEG study (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). From the 62 participants who came for the experimental study 3 participants had EEG abnormalities, and 8 had missing data (for 5 participants, one of the saliva Eppendorf vials was missed or saliva was collected incorrectly, for 3 participants, any of the experimental blocks was missed). Finally, the study group included 50 participants with complete EEG recordings and biochemical data (see Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e for the demographic details). According to the questionnaire results that estimated the tactile, auditory, visual or olfactory sensitivity of the participants, they were divided into 8 subgroups as follows (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e):\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1. Auditory Hypersensitivity (AS vs. AnS)\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuditory-sensitive (AS) group\u003c/b\u003e: 19 participants scoring 5\u0026ndash;15 on the Hyperacusis Questionnaire (HQ) (Anari et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1999\u003c/span\u003e, Schecklmann et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e) and higher than population norms on the Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale (WNSS) (Isaacs et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e) were classified as AS. These participants reported moderate discomfort to everyday sounds (e.g., traffic, chewing) without diagnosed hearing pathology.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAuditory non-sensitive (AnS) group\u003c/b\u003e: Participants with HQ scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;2 and below-average WNSS scores (Isaacs et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e) were categorized as AnS, indicating minimal sound intolerance.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e2. Tactile Hypersensitivity (TS vs. TnS)\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eTactile-sensitive (TS) group\u003c/b\u003e: Individuals (\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;17) scoring\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;120 on the Touch Experiences and Attitudes Questionnaire (TEAQ-37) (Trotter et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e) were classified as TS, reflecting aversion to textures, light touch, or clothing seams.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eTactile non-sensitive (TnS) group\u003c/b\u003e: Participants (\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;19) with TEAQ-37 scores\u0026thinsp;\u003cb\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/b\u003e\u0026thinsp;140 (Trotter et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e) were deemed TnS, indicating high tactile comfort and low sensory avoidance.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/ul\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e3. Visual Hypersensitivity (VS vs. VnS)\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eVisual-sensitive (VS) group\u003c/b\u003e: 18 participants scoring\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;20 on the Visual Light Sensitivity Questionnaire-8 (VLSQ-8) (Verriotto et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e) were classified as VS, reporting discomfort to bright/flashing lights (e.g., sunlight, screens).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eVisual non-sensitive (VnS) group\u003c/b\u003e: 18 participants with VLSQ-8 scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;12 (Verriotto et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e) were categorized as VnS, indicating typical light tolerance.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/li\u003e \u003c/ul\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e4. Olfactory Hypersensitivity (OS vs. OnS)\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cul\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOlfactory-sensitive (OS) group\u003c/b\u003e: Individuals (\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;19) scoring\u0026thinsp;\u003cb\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/b\u003e\u0026thinsp;100 on the Odor Awareness Scale (OAS) (Smeets et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2008\u003c/span\u003e) were classified as OS, reflecting heightened sensitivity/reactivity to smells (e.g., perfumes, food odors).\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOlfactory non-sensitive (OnS) group\u003c/b\u003e: Participants (\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;18) with OAS scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;80 (Smeets et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2008\u003c/span\u003e) were deemed OnS, indicating low olfactory reactivity.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe demographic data and questionnaire scores for the subgroups.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"12\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroups\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGender (f|m)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAge\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHQ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eWNSS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTEAQ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVLSQ-8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOAS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAQ\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBDI\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAnS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12|11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e122.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e99.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10|9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e125.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e97.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTnS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10|9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e148.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e99.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8|9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e57.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e101.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e97.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVnS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9|9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e129.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e94.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10|8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e56.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e130.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e97.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOnS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10|8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e124.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e76.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10|9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e26.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e49.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e132.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e122.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAS, auditory sensitive; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; TnS, tactile non-sensitive; VS, visually sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive; HQ, Hyperacusis questionnaire, WNSS, Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale, TEAQ, Touch Experiences and Attitudes Questionnaire; VLSQ-8, Visual Light Sensitivity Questionnaire-8; OAS, The Odor Awareness Scale; AQ, Autism Spectrum Quotient.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eQuestionnaires\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFirst, we asked participants to fill out the questionnaires (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). The Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) which have the total score ranges from 10 to 50 less (scores lower than 22 indicates healthy levels of fatigue) was used to assess the level of fatigue (De Vries et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2003\u003c/span\u003e). Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) was used to measure anxiety level (Kroenke et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e). The brief irritability test (BITe) with 1 to 5 scores was used to assess the irritation levels (Holtzman et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e). The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used to assess daytime sleepiness (Johns, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAll participants exhibited scores within normal ranges across key psychometric measures. Fatigue levels, assessed by the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), were consistently healthy to mild. Anxiety scores on the GAD-7 ranged from 0\u0026ndash;6, indicating minimal to mild anxiety, while irritability levels measured by the Brief Irritability Test (BITe) fell within normal to mild ranges. Daytime sleepiness, evaluated via the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), showed no abnormalities (scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;7). These findings confirm that the study population, while exhibiting sensory hypersensitivity, maintained typical psychological functioning without severe comorbid symptoms. The descriptive statistics and intergroup differences (the \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e-values for the Mann-Whitney U-test) are presented in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe descriptive statistics and intergroup differences.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"11\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroup\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStatistics\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"4\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eQuestionaries\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"5\" nameend=\"c11\" namest=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStimuli assessments *\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFAS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGAD-7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBITe\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eESS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"+\"\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\"\u0026ndash;\"\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAr\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIrr\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eT\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.324\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAnS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ep\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e-value**\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0,002\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.032\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.041\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.014\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVnS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.71\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.54\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.99\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ep\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e-value\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0,261\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.913\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.711\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.743\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.035\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.009\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.98\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.76\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTnS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.06\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ep\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e-value\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.913\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.773\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.583\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.773\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.039\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.56\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.72\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.01\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.88\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOnS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.65\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.08\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ep\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e-value\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.008\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.645\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.878\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.013\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u0026mdash;\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAS, auditory sensitive; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; TnS, tactile non-sensitive; VS, visually sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive; AOC, antioxidant capacity; FAS, Fatigue Assessment Scale; GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7; BITe, Brief Irritability Test; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e* The assessments calculated for each group were depicted for the corresponding modality of stimuli ( \"+ \", Pleasantness, \"\u0026ndash; \", Unpleasantness, Ar, arousal, Irr, irritability, T, tickling);\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e** \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e-value for the Mann-Whitney U-test.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStimuli\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe used an oddball paradigm with a frequent standard stimulus, a rare target stimulus and a fixed interstimulus interval (1000 ms). A tone with a frequency of 1500 Hz and a duration of 150 ms was used as a non-target (standard) stimulus; a tone with a frequency of 2000 Hz and the same duration was used as a target (deviant) stimulus.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe stimuli were presented at a volume of 70 dB through headphones. The experimental conditions were presented in a pseudo-random order with the following probabilities: 80% non-target stimuli, 20% target stimuli. The stimuli were presented in a random order; however, two target stimuli were not allowed to follow each other.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn each experimented block, the 400 auditory stimuli (320 standard and 80 deviant)\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003ewere presented.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe following experimental conditions were presented in pseudo random order for each participant:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSingle sound paradigm (\u0026ldquo;Sound\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;S\u0026rdquo;), when only auditory stimuli were presented.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eWe combined auditory stimulation with tactile stimulation provided by peacock feathers. (\u0026ldquo;Sound + Tickling\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;S+T\u0026rdquo;). The participant\u0026apos;s face, neck, neckline, and hands (shoulder, forearm, and hand) were stimulated during the whole oddball paradigm duration in a pseudo-random order.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eWe combined auditory stimulation with the 10 Hz photic stimulation (rhythmic flashes) were transmitted from an EEG synchronized lamp placed approximately 20 cm away from the subject\u0026apos;s closed eyes (\u0026ldquo;Sound + Flashlight\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;S+F\u0026rdquo;).\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eWe combined auditory stimulation with the inhalation odor from a bottle of ichthyol ointment placed approximately 3 cm from the participant\u0026apos;s nose (\u0026ldquo;Sound + Odor\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;S+O\u0026rdquo;).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStimuli assessment\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter each experimental block, we asked participants to assess the presented stimuli by the following scales: Pleasantness (0\u0026ndash;10), Unpleasantness (0\u0026ndash;10), Arousal (0\u0026ndash;10), Irritability (0\u0026ndash;10), Tickling (0\u0026ndash;10, only for tactile stimulus). There was a break of approximately 30 seconds between blocks.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSchematic visualization of the experimental blocks of the paradigm is presented in Figure 2.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSaliva sampling\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first saliva sample was obtained before the start of the experimental procedure; and the second saliva sample was obtained after the end of the experimental procedure. The participants were warned do not take stimulants (caffeine immediately before the experiment, alcohol, drugs the night before) or other sedatives. Saliva was collected for an empty stomach by spitting. Before that, the participants rinsed their mouths with boiled water. The volume of saliva collected for the study amounted to at least 1 mL. Saliva samples were frozen at \u0026ndash;20\u0026deg;C and stored for no more than a month before testing for trace elements.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAntioxidant capacity assay using enhanced chemiluminescence\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAntioxidant capacity of saliva was assessed with the enhanced chemiluminescence protocol as described elsewhere (Alekseev et al., 2012). Briefly, the chemiluminescent system consisted of a source of free radicals (ABAP) 2,2\u0026apos;-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (Sigma, USA) and a chemiluminescent probe luminol (Sigma, USA). A luminol solution of 1 mmol/L and an ABAP solution of 50 mmol/L were prepared by dissolving weighed samples in a phosphate buffer solution (100 mM KH\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003ePO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e, pH 7.4, Sigma, USA). The chemiluminescence was recorded at 37\u0026deg;C until the steady-state level had been achieved, then an aliquot of 200 \u0026mu;L of saliva was added. The detection was performed until the new steady-state level was achieved. The antioxidant capacity was calculated as the area of plot depression after the addition of the antioxidant to the system. The measurements were performed in triplicate. A Lum-1200 chemiluminometer (DISoft, Russia) was used. Signal processing was performed with PowerGraph 3.3 Professional software (DISoft, Russia).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTrace element quantitation using atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrozen biomaterial samples (saliva) at \u0026ndash;18℃, pre-thawed for 45\u0026nbsp;min. Then, 50\u0026nbsp;\u0026mu;L of concentrated HNO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e was added to a sample of 250\u0026ndash;400 \u0026mu;L, stirred manually for 10 seconds, and then the sample volume was diluted up to 5000 \u0026mu;L using deionized water. Mg, Zn, Mn, Fe, and Cu were determined by the atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES) method. The measurement relative standard deviation (RSD, %) did not exceed 10%. The internal standard scandium 5% HNO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e solution (20 mg/L) was used to improve the reproducibility of the results. The ICP-based methodology is consistent with established analytical standards for trace element quantification in biological fluids (Bernini et al., 2025).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn Agilent 720 atomic emission spectrometer with an inductively coupled plasma was used. The spectrometer was optimized preliminarily for the Mn line at 257.610 nm (torch alignment protocol) to increase the sensitivity of the results. The robustness of the plasma was checked by Mg(II)/Mg(I) ratio (Dennaud et al., 2001) optimization were conducted by procedure describe in (Poimenova et al., 2026). At least three lines were used for each element, and then the results were averaged. Measurement conditions (operating parameters) are presented in Table 3.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 3.\u003c/strong\u003e Measurement conditions of atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"621\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePower, W\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 359px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePlasma flow rate, L/min\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 359px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAuxiliary flow rate, L/min\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 359px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNebulizer flow rate, L/min\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 359px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReplicate read time, s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 359px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStabilization time, s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 359px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMeasurement repeats (replicates)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 359px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSample uptake delays, s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 359px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePump rate, rpm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 359px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRinse time between samples, s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 359px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (by 2% w/v HNO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e with 0.01% w/v Triton X-100)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eElement wavelengths, nm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 359px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCu: 213.598, 223.009, 224.700, 324.754, 327.395\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFe: 238.204, 258.588, 259.837, 258.940\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMg: 277.983, 279.553, 279.800, 280.270 (II) ionic line, 285.213 (I) atomic line, 383.230\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMn: 257.610, 259.372, 260.568, 293.305, 293.931\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eZn: 202.548, 206.200, 213.857, 334.502\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe internal standard wavelength, nm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 359px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSc 363.074\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 262px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eConcentration range for calibration, ppb\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 359px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCu, Fe, Mn, and Zn: 1\u0026ndash;100; Mg: 20\u0026ndash;2000.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntergroup comparison of the ERP amplitudes and latencies between groups\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe compared amplitudes and latencies of the ERP components between groups. According to the experimental paradigm the auditory stimuli was presented during single auditory paradigm (sound condition) and during multimodal stimulation simultaneously with peacock feather, unpleasant odor or 10 Hz photic stimulation. Thus, the ERP differences between AnS and AS groups were examined for all experimental conditions. The ERP component differences between VnS and VS groups, TnS and TS groups, and OnS and OS groups were assessed only for visual, tactile and olfactory multimodal stimulation correspondently.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ERP components were identified using automated peak detection in MATLAB (MathWorks, USA), followed by manual verification for each participant. P100 was detected as the peak positivity over parietal and occipital electrodes (P3, Pz, P4, O1, O2) within a time window of 80\u0026ndash;150 ms. N200 was identified as a peak negativity over central electrodes (Fz, Cz, C3, C4, F3, F4) between 130\u0026ndash;250 ms. N270 was measured as a peak negativity in fronto-central regions (Fz, Cz, C3, C4, F3, F4) within 250\u0026ndash;350 ms. P300 extracted as a peak positivity over parietal sites (P3, Pz, P4) during 280\u0026ndash;500 ms. LNC (Late Negative Component) was detected as a late negativity in fronto-central areas (Fz, Cz, C3, C4, F3, F4) within 400\u0026ndash;800 ms.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"3. Results","content":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eIntergroup comparison of the microelements and antioxidant capacity levels in saliva\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe average levels of the antioxidant and microelement capacity during the 1st and 2nd saliva samples are presented in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcentrations of microelements (Mg, Za, Mn, Cu, and Fe) and antioxidant capacity values for the subgroups under study before (the 1st point) and after (the 2nd point) presentation of the stimuli.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"9\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGroup\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSaliva sample\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eElements\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMg (\u0026micro;g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eZn (\u0026micro;g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMn (\u0026micro;g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCu (\u0026micro;g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFe (\u0026micro;g/L)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAOC a.u.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1st\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7260\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e660\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e515\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1460\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e130\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2nd\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7350\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e710\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e410\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1360\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e70\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e90\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAnS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1st\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7345\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e684\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e400\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2685\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e130\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2nd\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7685\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e689\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e367\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3870\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e107\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1st\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7873\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e654\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e447\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2428\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e 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colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e82\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e164\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2nd\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7274\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e 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rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1st\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7899\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e54\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e682\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e511\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e 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align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTnS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1st\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7525\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e741\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e381\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2033\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e43\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e179\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2nd\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7617\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e64\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e668\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e407\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3041\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e59\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1st\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7643\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e89\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e657\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e422\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1597\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2nd\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7313\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e705\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e363\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3315\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e143\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eOnS\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1st\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7576\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e707\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e469\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3063\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e83\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e117\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2nd\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMean\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e7770\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e77\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e694\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e413\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSD\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4459\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e69\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e60\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAS, auditory sensitive; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; TnS, tactile non-sensitive; VS, visually sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive; AOC, antioxidant capacity.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThere were no significant differences in the salivary microelement concentrations between groups. However, the group differences of the salivary copper and iron dynamics were revealed for visual (photic) sensitivity. The copper concentration decreased significantly after the experiment only in VnS group (mixed group*time effect (F(1, 36)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;17.51, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0005; partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.27). The copper concentration was significantly higher for the 1st saliva sample compared to the 2nd one only in VnS group and didn\u0026rsquo;t differ in VS group (post-hoc Bonferroni test \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003ea). The iron concentration significantly decreased in the 2nd saliva sample compared to the 1st one in the VnS group and significantly increased in the 2nd saliva sample compared to the 1st one in the VS group (mixed group*time effect F(1, 36)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;15.31, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0011, partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.19; post-hoc Bonferroni test \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001, Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003eb).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThough there were no significant differences in the antioxidant capacity values between groups, the dynamics of the salivary antioxidants were associated with tactile sensitivity. In particular, TS group showed higher decrease of the AOC during the study (F(1, 36)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;23.552, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001; partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.34), compared to the TnS (post-hoc Bonferroni test \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003ec). The AS group also demonstrated the decrease of the AOC during the study (F(1, 36)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;23.552, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001; partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.34), compared to the AnS (post-hoc Bonferroni test \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.0001) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003ed).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eIntergroup comparison of the self-assessment scores between groups\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe AS group had significantly higher anxiety (F(1, 43)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;23.884, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.00001; partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.36) irritation (F(1, 32)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;28.754, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.000; partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.38), sleepiness (F(1, 43)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;34.465, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.00000; partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.42) and fatigue (F(1, 32)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;30.754, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.000; partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.40) rates (both before and after the study), than AS group (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, the upper panel).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe OS group had significantly higher sleepiness (F(1, 32)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;7.8648, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.00850; partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.197) and fatigue (F(1, 32)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;8.7537, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.00577; partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.21) rates (both before and after the study), than OnS group (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, the lower panel).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to the questionnaires our participants demonstrated healthy to mild level of fatigue, mild to moderate levels of anxiety (GAD-7: 0\u0026ndash;6 scores), average irritability levels and no abnormal sleepiness (scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;7). The descriptive statistics and intergroup differences (the \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e-values for the Mann-Whitney U-test) are presented in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eERP responses to multimodal vs unimodal stimuli\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe differences between the standard and deviant stimulus were typical in comparison to the previous findings and were revealed in all groups of participants.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study of multimodal standard stimuli revealed that the \u003cb\u003eP100 amplitude\u003c/b\u003e was significantly reduced for all multimodal stimuli compared to the unimodal auditory oddball paradigm (\u003cem\u003eF\u003c/em\u003e(3, 39)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;4.3295, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.00998, partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.25). A similar effect was observed for the \u003cb\u003eN270 amplitude\u003c/b\u003e, which was significantly larger for the unimodal stimuli than for the multimodal stimuli (\u003cem\u003eF\u003c/em\u003e(3, 39)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;3.820, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.01842, partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.21).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor unimodal stimuli, the \u003cb\u003eLNC\u003c/b\u003e exhibited significantly \u003cb\u003eshorter latency\u003c/b\u003e (\u003cem\u003eF\u003c/em\u003e(3, 39)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;7.9270, *\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e* = 0.00030, partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.35) and \u003cb\u003egreater amplitude\u003c/b\u003e (\u003cem\u003eF\u003c/em\u003e(3, 39)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;3.820, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0202, partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.21) compared to the multimodal stimuli.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eComparing the deviant stimuli\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe differences between the multimodal deviant stimuli indicated that the \u003cb\u003eP100 amplitude\u003c/b\u003e was significantly smaller for the unimodal stimuli than for the multimodal stimuli (\u003cem\u003eF\u003c/em\u003e(3, 39)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;4.0645, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.01618, partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.21). Meanwhile, the \u003cb\u003eN200 and N270 amplitudes\u003c/b\u003e for the deviant stimuli only differed when the auditory paradigm was paired with the tactile or olfactory stimuli \u0026mdash; their amplitudes were significantly reduced (\u003cem\u003eF\u003c/em\u003e(3, 39)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;9.7871, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.00006, partial η\u0026sup2; = 0.44).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eThe intergroup comparison of the ERP amplitudes and latencies between groups\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFigure \u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e. ERP patterns for eight groups of participants during presentation of the standard (A1, A3, B1, C1, D1) and deviant (A2, A4, B2, C2, D2) stimuli. Here, AS, auditory sensitive; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; TnS, tactile non-sensitive; VS, visually sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDuring single Sound stimulation, the P1 amplitude for the standard stimulus and the \u003cb\u003eN270 amplitude\u003c/b\u003e for the deviant stimulus were significantly higher in auditory-non-sensitive participants (AnS) compared to auditory-sensitive ones (AS). The ERP differences between AnS and AS groups in multimodal series were detected only for the standard stimulus (A1 and A3 panels in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e). During photic stimulation (flashlights\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;sound) the \u003cb\u003eN270 amplitude\u003c/b\u003e for the standard stimulus was significantly higher in AnS participants compared to AS (panels B1 and B2 in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e). During the tactile and odor stimulation, the amplitude of the \u003cb\u003eP3a\u003c/b\u003e component was significant in the AnS group. Finally, the latency of the \u003cb\u003eLNC\u003c/b\u003e was significantly higher in AnS group during tactile stimulation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe visual-non-sensitive (VnS) group compared to the visual sensitive (VS) participants had a significantly shorter latency of \u003cb\u003eN200\u003c/b\u003e for the standard stimulus and latency of \u003cb\u003eN270\u003c/b\u003e for the deviant stimulus.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe olfactory-non-sensitive group had a lower \u003cb\u003eN270 amplitude\u003c/b\u003e for the standard stimulus compared to the olfactory sensitive group. The tactile-non-sensitive participants had higher \u003cb\u003eP3a amplitude\u003c/b\u003e and longer \u003cb\u003eLNC latency\u003c/b\u003e for the deviant stimulus compared to the TS group.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab5\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmplitudes and latencies of each detected ERP component for VnS, VS, OnS, OS, TnS, and TS groups; the data are presented as mean\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;SD.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"12\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"12\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVnS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eStimuli\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN200\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN270\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c9\" namest=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP300\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLNC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandard S\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;F\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e137.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e234.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e297\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e578.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeviant S\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;F\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e109.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e164.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;13.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e232.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e323\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e563.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"12\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eVS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eStimuli\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN200\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN270\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c9\" namest=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP300\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLNC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandard S\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;F\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e99.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;11.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e176.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;14.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e250.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e303.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e579.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeviant S\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;F\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e100.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;12.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e156.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;20.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e265.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e323.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e570.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"12\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOnS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eStimuli\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN200\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN270\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c9\" namest=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP300\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLNC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandard S\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e92.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e156.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e227.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e335\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e576.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeviant S\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e97.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e160.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e244.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e336\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e579.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"12\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eStimuli\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN200\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN270\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c9\" namest=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP300\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLNC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandard S\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e93.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e156.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;11.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e247.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e336.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e569.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeviant S\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e98.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e159.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;10.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e242.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e337.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e585.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;12\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"12\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTnS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eStimuli\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN200\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN270\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c9\" namest=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP300\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLNC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandard S\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e97.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;11.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e158.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;14.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e236.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e327.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e619.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeviant S\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e103.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;13.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e152.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;15.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e248.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e345.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e588.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"12\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eStimuli\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c3\" namest=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c5\" namest=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN200\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c7\" namest=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN270\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c9\" namest=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP300\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLNC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandard S\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e101.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;11.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e157.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e236.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;34\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e322.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e617.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeviant S\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e102.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e152.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;16.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e248.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e338.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e554.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"1\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c12\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eVS, visually sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; TnS, tactile non-sensitive.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab6\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 6\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmplitudes and latencies of each detected ERP component for AnS and AS groups; the data are presented as mean\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;SD.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"12\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c11\" colnum=\"11\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c12\" colnum=\"12\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"12\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" morerows=\"1\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eStimuli\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN200\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c8\" namest=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN270\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c10\" namest=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP300\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLNC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandard stimuli\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e103.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e162.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e232.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e321\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e575.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e99.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e160.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e234.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e327\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;14.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e619.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;F\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e94.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;10.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e151.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e242.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e312\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e611.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e99.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;12.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e153.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;13.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e248.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e327\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e612.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;13\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeviant stimuli\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e104.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e143.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e240.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;22\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e356\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;3.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e592.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e97.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;12.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e162.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;16.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e248.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;26\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e353\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e593.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;F\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e108.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e165.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;17.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e254.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e325\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;15.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e608.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e107.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e160.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;16.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e248.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;17\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e336\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;16.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e603.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"12\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" morerows=\"1\" nameend=\"c2\" namest=\"c1\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eStimuli\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c4\" namest=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c6\" namest=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN200\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c8\" namest=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eN270\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c10\" namest=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eP300\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\" nameend=\"c12\" namest=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLNC\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elat\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eamp\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eStandard stimuli\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e158.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e241.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e321\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;17.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e545.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e152.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;8.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e223.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e332\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;23\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e578.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;F\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e91.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;12.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e144.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e223.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e337.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e570.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e96.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e148.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e223.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;24\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e339\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e578.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e0.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\" morerows=\"3\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDeviant stimuli\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e96.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;10.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e152.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;14.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;0.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e250.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e342\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;14.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e585.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;15\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;T\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e94.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;13.8\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e159.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;17.9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e264.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e339\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;13.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e584.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;F\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e95.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e149.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;12.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.2\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e263.0\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;11\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e337.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e593.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;21\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;O\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e97.1\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;9.6\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.0\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e154.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;10.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e251.4\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;2.1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e334\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;22.4\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c11\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e580.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c12\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.7\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAnS, auditory non-sensitive; nS, non-sensitive.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eIntergroup comparison of the fractal dimension and power spectral density\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe FD did not differ between experimental series. However, the OS and OnS groups differed: the olfactory sensitive participants had lower FD in all experimental series and the resting state, compared to the OnS group.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe group differences in the PSD were found regarding to the auditory sensitivity (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e). The AS group had lower beta1-rhythm PSD in the frontal and central areas for all experimental conditions (stimulation and the resting state). The mixed-stimuli group effect was also revealed between AS and AnS groups (F(68, 2788)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;5.1144, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0,0000). First, the higher difference of the theta-rhythm PSD between auditory stimulation and multimodal stimulation (the latter was lower) was found in AnS group and was absent in the AS group (F(4, 164)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;7.1463, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.00002). Unlike the AS group (had no differences), participants of the AnS group had lower beta1-rhythm PSD during stimulation compared to the resting state. At the same time, the AS group had higher alpha1-rhythm PSD during stimulation compared to the resting state, and AnS group didn\u0026rsquo;t have significant differences in alpha1 diapason (F(3, 123)\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;6.3120, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.00051).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eThe correlation analysis\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFD was correlated with the perceived pleasantness of tactile (\u003cem\u003er\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.56, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.002) and olfactory stimuli (r\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.59, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001). Specifically, lower perceived pleasantness of stimuli was associated with reduced FD in the corresponding experimental series.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHigher theta-rhythm power spectral density across all stimulus types was correlated with anxiety symptoms as measured by the GAD-7 (\u003cem\u003er\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.48, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.007).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHjorth complexity during flashlight perception correlated with arousal (\u003cem\u003er\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.52, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.004) and irritation levels (\u003cem\u003er\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.49, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.006) during stimulus presentation.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eLonger \u003cb\u003eN270 latency\u003c/b\u003e during the perception of all stimulus types was associated with higher irritation levels (\u003cem\u003er\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.54, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.002) during stimulus exposure.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn increase in salivary iron concentration during the study was linked to higher Hjorth complexity and FD in the experimental series (\u003cem\u003er\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.50, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.005) in central and frontal regions. Conversely, a decrease in AOC significantly correlated with Hjorth complexity across all multimodal series in the same regions (\u003cem\u003er\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt; \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.48, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.007).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"4. Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe present study provides novel insights into the neurophysiological and biochemical underpinnings of sensory hypersensitivity in neurotypical adults, aligning with and extending previous research on stress-mediated sensory reactivity, trace element dynamics, and oral biochemistry. Our findings suggest that hypersensitivity to specific sensory modalities is associated with distinct patterns of cortical excitability, oxidative stress, and trace metal fluctuations, which may reflect broader environmental sensitivity and stress-related mechanisms.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur study found that individuals with auditory hypersensitivity (the AS group) exhibited higher anxiety and irritation levels, supporting the hypothesis that sensory intolerance may be linked to heightened stress reactivity. The observed reductions in antioxidant capacity following sensory stimulation in hypersensitive individuals further suggest that oxidative stress may mediate this relationship, as chronic stress depletes endogenous antioxidants (Novikov et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). The correlation between theta-rhythm power spectral density and anxiety (GAD-7 scores) in our study reinforces the idea that hyperexcitability in sensory processing networks may be exacerbated by stress, contributing to heightened perceptual sensitivity.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe findings of the ERP analysis also showed reduced P100/N270 amplitudes in hypersensitive groups during multimodal stimulation, showing impaired early sensory integration and conflict detection. These findings mirror Salvati \u003cem\u003eet al.\u003c/em\u003e who reported gamma hyperactivity in visually hypersensitive individuals (Salvati et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e), and Zlotnik \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e. who linked delayed P2 latencies to perceptual deficits in auditory processing (Zlotnik et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e). The lower fractal dimension in olfactory-sensitive participants suggests reduced neural complexity, possibly reflecting inefficient sensory filtering. This aligns with the \"neural noise\" hypothesis in hypersensitivity, where decreased inhibitory tone (e.g., GABAergic dysfunction) amplifies sensory input (Neklyudova et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe current findings reveal important neurophysiological differences in fractal dimension and power spectral density between sensory-hypersensitive and non-sensitive individuals, providing new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying sensory processing differences. Our results demonstrate that olfactory-sensitive participants exhibited significantly lower FD across all experimental conditions compared to olfactory-non-sensitive individuals. This finding aligns with previous research showing that reduced neural complexity, as measured by FD, is associated with less efficient information processing in sensory systems (Jeong, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). The observed correlation between lower FD and reduced pleasantness ratings for both tactile (\u003cem\u003er\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.56) and olfactory (\u003cem\u003er\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.59) stimuli suggests that decreased neural complexity may contribute to the heightened sensory discomfort reported by hypersensitive individuals, consistent with studies linking FD to sensory gating efficiency (Lee et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the auditory domain, we found that auditory-sensitive individuals showed reduced beta1-rhythm PSD in frontal and central regions across all conditions. The study also revealed interesting dynamics: while AnS participants showed expected decreases in theta-rhythm PSD during multimodal stimulation compared to unimodal auditory stimulation, this modulation was absent in AS individuals. This suggests impaired sensory integration in hypersensitive individuals, supporting theories of deficient top-down modulation in sensory processing disorders (Gomez-Ramirez et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe observed differences in alpha1-rhythm PSD between when individuals with auditory hypersensitivity showed increased alpha power during stimulation may reflect compensatory mechanisms to attenuate sensory input. This interpretation is supported by studies demonstrating that alpha oscillations play an active role in sensory suppression (Jensen and Mazaheri, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e). The correlation between higher theta PSD and anxiety symptoms further supports the well-established relations between theta activity and stress responses (Aftanas and Golocheikine, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2001\u003c/span\u003e), suggesting that sensory hypersensitivity may be mediated by anxiety-related neural patterns.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe significant correlations between Hjorth complexity and both arousal and irritation during photic stimulation extend previous findings on the relationship between neural signal complexity and emotional responses to sensory stimuli (Miskovic et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e). The association between longer N270 latency and higher irritation is particularly noteworthy, as it suggests that delayed conflict detection may contribute to negative emotional responses in hypersensitive individuals, consistent with event-related potential studies in sensory processing disorders (Davies et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBiochemical correlations provide novel insights into potential mechanisms underlying these neural differences. The positive association between increased iron levels and both Hjorth complexity and FD (\u003cem\u003er\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.50) may reflect iron role in dopaminergic neurotransmission and neural efficiency (Beard et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1993\u003c/span\u003e). Conversely, the negative correlation between antioxidant depletion and neural complexity (\u003cem\u003er\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt; \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;0.48) supports the oxidative stress hypothesis of sensory hypersensitivity (James et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e), suggesting that redox imbalances may contribute to atypical sensory processing.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur biochemical analyses revealed modality-specific alterations in trace metals, with visual hypersensitivity (the VS group) showing significant fluctuations in post-stimulation salivary copper and iron levels. The decrease in Cu in visually non-sensitive (the VnS group) participants may reflect adaptive buffering mechanisms, whereas the lack of change in the VS individuals suggests dysregulated Cu metabolism, possibly linked to oxidative stress. Similarly, the increase in salivary Fe in the VS participants contrasts with systemic iron dynamics, where stress and iron deficiency paradoxically elevate salivary ferritin (Flora et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e, Kapoor et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). This discrepancy may arise from lactoferrin activity, which sequesters iron during stress responses (Reseco et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). The association between Fe dynamics and Hjorth complexity in our EEG data implies that iron may modulate neural signal variability, potentially influencing sensory gating.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe observed depletion of antioxidants in tactile-sensitive (the TS group) and auditory-sensitive (the AS group) participants aligns with studies linking oxidative stress to sensory hyperexcitability (Zeng et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e). Notably, tactile hypersensitivity was associated with a sharper decline in antioxidant capacity, suggesting that somatosensory reactivity may be particularly vulnerable to redox imbalances. This parallels findings by Norris \u003cem\u003eet al\u003c/em\u003e., where salivary metal profiles (e.g., Cu and Mn) correlated with oral \u003cem\u003eCandida\u003c/em\u003e carriage, indicating that trace elements and oxidative status may influence both sensory perception and mucosal immunity (Norris et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe interplay between oxidative stress, trace metals, and cortical hyperexcitability highlights potential intervention targets. For instance, dietary zinc or magnesium supplementation could mitigate oxidative stress in tactile/auditory hypersensitivity (Blazewicz and Grabrucker, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e), while Cu-chelation strategies might benefit visually hypersensitive individuals. Sensory modulation therapies (e.g., controlled exposure to combined stimuli) could leverage multimodal ERP attenuation to desensitize hyperreactive networks.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eLimitations and Future Directions\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhile our study advances understanding of sensory hypersensitivity, limitations include the focus on neurotypical adults and reliance on saliva biomarkers. During the future research we are planning to expand the research to clinical populations (e.g., autism spectrum disorders, fibromyalgia, or anxiety disorders) to assess generalizability.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"5. Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis study demonstrates that sensory hypersensitivity in neurotypical adults is associated with distinct neurophysiological and biochemical profiles. EEG findings revealed hyperexcitability (reduced P100/N270 amplitudes) and altered conflict detection (N200/N270 shifts) in hypersensitive individuals, particularly during multimodal stimulation. Biochemically, visual hypersensitivity was linked to iron/copper fluctuations, while tactile and auditory hypersensitivity correlated with antioxidant depletion, suggesting oxidative stress may exacerbate sensory reactivity. A lower fractal dimension in olfactory-sensitive participants and reduced beta1 power in auditory-sensitive individuals highlight modality-specific neural signatures. Psychometric data confirmed that hypersensitivity coincides with elevated anxiety, irritation, and fatigue. These results underscore the multifactorial nature of sensory hypersensitivity, implicating cortical excitability, metabolic disturbances, and subjective perceptual biases. Future research should explore genetic and environmental interactions, as well as therapeutic interventions targeting antioxidant pathways or sensory integration.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Abbreviations","content":"\u003cp\u003eAOC, antioxidant capacity; AnS, auditory non-sensitive; AS, auditory sensitive; AQ, Autism Spectrum Quotient; ERP, event-related potential; FD, fractal dimension; HQ, Hyperacusis questionnaire; HS, hypersensitive; NHS, non-hypersensitive; nS, non-sensitive; OAS, The Odor Awareness Scale; OnS, olfactory non-sensitive; OS, olfactory sensitive; PSD, power spectral density; TEAQ, Touch Experiences and Attitudes Questionnaire; TnS, tactile non-sensitive; TS, tactile sensitive; VnS, visually non-sensitive; VS, visually sensitive; VLSQ-8, Visual Light Sensitivity Questionnaire-8; WNSS, Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003eAuthorship contribution\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIvan V. Mikheev:\u003c/strong\u003e Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - Original Draft. \u003cstrong\u003eElena V. Proskurnina:\u003c/strong\u003e Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - Original Draft, Writing - Review \u0026amp; Editing. \u003cstrong\u003eMikhail A. Proskurnin:\u003c/strong\u003e Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - Review \u0026amp; Editing. \u003cstrong\u003eGalina V. Portnova:\u003c/strong\u003e Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data Curation, Writing - Original Draft, Writing - Review \u0026amp; Editing, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgments\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors thank Dr. Kerova for assistance with initial stage data collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBudget funding from institute of higher nervous activity and neurophysiology of RAS\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCompeting interests:\u003c/em\u003e The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eInformed Consent:\u003c/em\u003e Written informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all individual participants prior to inclusion in the study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eInstitutional review board statement and Ethics Approval:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eThe study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by Ethics Committee of the Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Approval #1, January 15, 2020). Clinical trial number registration: Not applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCorresponding Author\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIvan V. Mikheev: [email protected]\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAftanas LI, Golocheikine SA. Human anterior and frontal midline theta and lower alpha reflect emotionally positive state and internalized attention: high-resolution EEG investigation of meditation. Neurosci Lett 2001;310(1):57-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3940(01)02094-8.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlekseev AV, Proskurnina EV, Vladimirov YA. Determination of antioxidants by sensitized chemiluminescence using 2,2\u0026prime;-azo-bis(2-amidinopropane). Moscow University Chemistry Bulletin 2012;67(3):127-32. https://doi.org/10.3103/s0027131412030029.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAnari M, Axelsson A, Eliasson A, Magnusson L. Hypersensitivity to sound--questionnaire data, audiometry and classification. 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J Clin Invest 2013;123(9):3941-51. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI66413.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZeng W, Hu M, Ma L, Huang F, Jiang Z. Copper and iron as unique trace elements linked to fibromyalgia risk. Sci Rep 2025;15(1):4019. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-86447-4.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZlotnik S, Attias J, Pratt H, Engel-Yeger B. Neurophysiological Manifestations of Auditory Hypersensitivity Correlate with Daily Life Experiences. Neuroscience and Medicine 2018;09(01):29-45. https://doi.org/10.4236/nm.2018.91005.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Sensory hypersensitivity, multimodal EEG, salivary antioxidants, salivary microelements","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8798062/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8798062/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eSensory hypersensitivity, which is characterized by heightened reactivity to auditory, tactile, visual, or olfactory stimuli, remains poorly understood in neurotypical populations. This study investigated the neurophysiological and biochemical correlations of sensory hypersensitivity in healthy adults using EEG, psychometric assessments, and determination of salivary microelements and salivary antioxidant potential. Participants (\u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;50) were stratified into hypersensitive (HS) and non-hypersensitive (NHS) groups across four sensory modalities. EEG revealed distinct event-related potential (ERP) patterns, including reduced P100 and N270 amplitudes in HS groups during multimodal stimulation. Biochemical analysis showed that visual hypersensitivity was associated with altered copper and iron dynamics, while tactile and auditory hypersensitivity correlated with antioxidant depletion following sensory exposure. Additionally, we found the differences in fractal dimension (FD) and power spectral density (PSD) with lower FD in olfactory-sensitive individuals and reduced beta1 activity in auditory-sensitive participants. Self-reports confirmed higher anxiety, fatigue, and irritation in HS groups. These findings suggest that sensory hypersensitivity involves a complex interplay of cortical hyperexcitability, oxidative stress, and trace element imbalance, supporting the potential for targeted interventions such as antioxidant supplementation or sensory modulation therapies.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Neurophysiological and Biochemical Correlations of Sensory Hypersensitivity: A Multimodal EEG and Study of Salivary Microelements and Antioxidants","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-02-13 16:51:12","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8798062/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"fecc47d8-554d-4526-8342-0f2bcb533652","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 13th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-05T03:23:55+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-02-13 16:51:12","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8798062","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8798062","identity":"rs-8798062","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}