Who Cares for Women Refugees? A Novel Beijing Declaration Plan for Action+25 Measurement of Country Level Commitments

Who Cares for Women Refugees? A Novel Beijing Declaration Plan for Action+25 Measurement of Country Level Commitments | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Who Cares for Women Refugees? A Novel Beijing Declaration Plan for Action+25 Measurement of Country Level Commitments Anca Turcu, Grace Bennett This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9061200/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Women have often been ignored or marginalized by international treaties or accords on refugees. The literature has not systematically addressed which countries are committed to granting women refugees much needed benefits and protections, and which countries eschew doing so. This study employs a novel measurement based on text analysis of the Beijing Declaration Plan for Action+25 country reports and a negative binomial analysis. Findings presented here show that countries with higher levels of development and higher levels of gender equality are most likely to grant women refugees much needed benefits and protections. A higher number of refugees hosted by a country also translates into more benefits and protections for women refugees. The novelty of this study’s contribution rests with the focus on women refugees and country commitments to women refugees measured through a novel measurement tool, unlike any used in previous studies and based on individual countries self- assessment and self-reporting. women refugees BDPA + 25 declarations gender protections international treaties Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9061200","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":609097936,"identity":"ceb34804-6079-46fd-9618-90b3ba5b45c0","order_by":0,"name":"Anca Turcu","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAzklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFAD9gYgYWBBpOoDIIIHRBpIkKJFIgFMElbNP7v54eePbffkDW6+Md3wo0CCgb+9OwGvFok7x4wlDrYVG264nWN2swfoMIkzZzfgt+ZGDgNQS0KCAVDLDR6gFgOJXPxa5G/kMP8Aa7l5xuzmH2K0GNzIYYPYcoPH7DZRthjeSDOzOHMuwXDmmbSy2zIGEjwE/SJ3I/nxjYqyBHm+44e33Xzzx0aOv72XgPcRgMMARPIQqxwE2B+QonoUjIJRMApGEAAAEsFJdqJsAA8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"University of Central Florida","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Anca","middleName":"","lastName":"Turcu","suffix":""},{"id":609097937,"identity":"35c2758a-ac1f-4a77-8586-eef70caed7d7","order_by":1,"name":"Grace Bennett","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of St Andrews","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Grace","middleName":"","lastName":"Bennett","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-08 00:08:26","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9061200/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9061200/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":105039356,"identity":"9538c9f6-ca73-472f-97d0-cd6340225427","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-20 07:45:58","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":679316,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"JournalofInternationalMigrationandIntegrationAnonymized.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9061200/v1_covered_da52a489-b0b8-4a76-a025-a1fb242a3c2f.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Who Cares for Women Refugees? 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