Modifications to Hawking Radiation: Scalar Field Effects and Observational Implications

Modifications to Hawking Radiation: Scalar Field Effects and Observational Implications | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Modifications to Hawking Radiation: Scalar Field Effects and Observational Implications André Miranda This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5966826/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The study of Hawking radiation provides a critical avenue for exploring the interface between quantum mechanics, gravity, and black hole physics. Traditionally, the emission from black holes is expected to follow a thermal spectrum, as predicted by Hawking’s theory. However, recent advancements in quantum gravity and scalar field theories suggest that deviations from this ther- mal behavior may arise due to interactions between scalar fields and the black hole’s spacetime curvature. This paper investigates the potential modifications to Hawking radiation caused by scalar fields in different black hole spacetimes, including Schwarzschild, Kerr, Kerr-Newman, and Reissner-Nordstr¨om geometries. We examine the role of scalar field potentials—massive, massless, and self-interacting—and their impact on the radiation spectrum. Additionally, we explore the observational challenges of detecting these deviations, emphasizing the role of gravitational wave astronomy and multi-messenger astrophysics. Our results suggest that while traditional thermal spectra may serve as a baseline, new spectral features arising from scalar field interactions could offer unique observational signatures, advancing our understanding of black hole thermodynamics and quantum gravity. Physical sciences/Physics/Quantum physics Physical sciences/Physics/Space physics Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5966826","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":422444027,"identity":"3add5c74-e379-4081-8495-d0a00f63cb92","order_by":0,"name":"André Miranda","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA8UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHACAxDBAyIkGCqAJDNzAxFaEmBazoC0MBKnBQwkGNtAFAEt/LObt334+GObjHn72YM3fs6rjeZvB2r5UbENpxaJO8eKZ85IuM0jcyYv2bJ32/HcGYcZGxh7ztzGbc2NHGNmHqAWCYYcMwnebcdyG4BamBnbcGuRB2n5A9LC/8ZM8u+cY7nzCWkxAGlhAGmRyDGT5m2oyd1ASIvhjbRixp40kJY3xtYyxw7kbgRqOYjPL3I3kjcz/LC5bS/Bn2N4801NXe6884cPPvhRgcf7aOAwmDxAtHogqCNF8SgYBaNgFIwQAACCCVnlJrsYHgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"University of Lisbon","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"André","middleName":"","lastName":"Miranda","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-02-05 15:06:38","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5966826/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5966826/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":79157685,"identity":"a8d8b23c-db88-47a6-b76a-e4acb6fee196","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-03-25 06:39:15","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":575938,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Article File","description":"","filename":"hamiltonianopotencialastroparticle2.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5966826/v1_covered_e28c3953-626f-40df-973e-f1eb0217f066.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e Competing Interest.","formattedTitle":"Modifications to Hawking Radiation: Scalar Field Effects and Observational\r\nImplications","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5966826/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5966826/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"The study of Hawking radiation provides a critical avenue for exploring the interface between\r\nquantum mechanics, gravity, and black hole physics. Traditionally, the emission from black holes\r\nis expected to follow a thermal spectrum, as predicted by Hawking’s theory. However, recent\r\nadvancements in quantum gravity and scalar field theories suggest that deviations from this ther-\r\nmal behavior may arise due to interactions between scalar fields and the black hole’s spacetime\r\ncurvature. This paper investigates the potential modifications to Hawking radiation caused by\r\nscalar fields in different black hole spacetimes, including Schwarzschild, Kerr, Kerr-Newman, and\r\nReissner-Nordstr¨om geometries. We examine the role of scalar field potentials—massive, massless,\r\nand self-interacting—and their impact on the radiation spectrum. Additionally, we explore the\r\nobservational challenges of detecting these deviations, emphasizing the role of gravitational wave\r\nastronomy and multi-messenger astrophysics. 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