Utilization of Construction and Demolition Waste (C&D) Waste in Pavement

Utilization of Construction and Demolition Waste (C&D) Waste in Pavement | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Utilization of Construction and Demolition Waste (C&D) Waste in Pavement Md Qurban Ali Qurban, Nandini Gije Nandini, Sailee Rasal Sailee, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6716831/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This research addresses the challenges of Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste generation and under-utilization, proposing its effective use in rigid pavement construction as a sustainable alternative. The excessive extraction of natural resources for new construction poses significant environmental concerns, exacerbated by the accumulation of unprocessed C&D waste, which contributes to water body degradation, air pollution, and soil contamination. While C&D waste is suggested in pavement construction according to the C&D Waste Management Rules, 2016, this study investigates the potential of recycled sand and aggregates from C&D waste for pavement applications. A comprehensive testing program was carried out to assess the suitability of these materials for rigid pavement construction, by performing tests on aggregate like specific gravity, water absorption, Bulk Density, Impact value and Crushing value. The study was performed by replacing virgin aggregate with recycled aggregate in concrete by 25% 35 % 40% and crushed/river sand by 100% recycled sand. The results demonstrate that recycled aggregates can replace virgin materials by 25%, 35%, & 40% and sand by 100% without compromising performance. The work has been done on structural specimen like beams and cubes to evaluate compressive strength and flexural strength for different proportions of aggregate replacement. Results demonstrate that the potential of C&D waste recycling in enhancing the sustainability for rigid pavement construction, reducing environmental impacts, and decreasing the exploitation of virgin materials and dependency on virgin resources. The findings offer valuable insights for promoting eco-friendly and resource-efficient construction practices. RCA (recycled coarse aggregate) NCA/NA (natural coarse aggregate) C&D (construction and demolition) CC ( cement concrete) CBR (California Bearing Ratio) IRC (Indian Road Congress) ODR (Other District Road) CA (Coarse aggregate) Full Text Additional Declarations Competing interest reported. Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 19 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 18 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 12 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 06 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 04 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 04 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 04 Jun, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 04 Jun, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 27 May, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 27 May, 2025 First submitted to journal 21 May, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6716831","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":467511470,"identity":"708970d5-9f49-4037-bb45-2554d34a71d3","order_by":0,"name":"Md Qurban Ali Qurban","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABCUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFCCBAYGxgYgzc7Y/vNDhYQcSOzAA6K0MDM2SEucsTEGa0kgTgsDgwRvW1piA1QQJ9BtT94mXbnDLo+/mbnBQILtcPr8sMMPgbbYyek2YNdiduZZmeTZM8nFEocZGxIKeA7nbrydZgDUkmxsdgCHlhs5ZpKNbcyJDUAtByQkgFpmJ4C0HEjchl9LfeL8w4yNDTwGh9MNZ6d/IEbL4cQNhxmbGXgS0hLkpXMI2HLmWbFl45njiRsPM7YxSxywMdwgnVNwIMEAj1+OJ2+82bijOnHe8fZnjB//ScjLz07f/OFDhZ0cLi1AYIDGPYBFEL8W+Qa8qkfBKBgFo2AEAgB6BGkOnHSVQgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"saraswati college of Engineering Kharghar Navi Mumbai","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Md","middleName":"Qurban Ali","lastName":"Qurban","suffix":""},{"id":467511472,"identity":"1ceb03c6-71b3-4abf-94e3-eeff6bf6e954","order_by":1,"name":"Nandini Gije Nandini","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"saraswati college of Engineering Kharghar Navi Mumbai","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nandini","middleName":"Gije","lastName":"Nandini","suffix":""},{"id":467511473,"identity":"7621223c-b077-4d0c-9db4-a9243163f745","order_by":2,"name":"Sailee Rasal Sailee","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"saraswati college of Engineering Kharghar Navi Mumbai","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sailee","middleName":"Rasal","lastName":"Sailee","suffix":""},{"id":467511474,"identity":"91a9cd95-9722-407f-a151-18386e53c59b","order_by":3,"name":"Neha Tatkare Neha","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"saraswati college of Engineering Kharghar Navi Mumbai","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Neha","middleName":"Tatkare","lastName":"Neha","suffix":""},{"id":467511475,"identity":"32f5142e-428d-4094-b671-12f171d5ea4f","order_by":4,"name":"Professor Chaitali Isal Chaitali","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"saraswati college of Engineering Kharghar Navi Mumbai","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Professor","middleName":"Chaitali Isal","lastName":"Chaitali","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-05-21 13:08:18","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6716831/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6716831/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":84160391,"identity":"4994ee2d-5597-4b2b-b14e-21d467bc4903","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-06-08 13:52:19","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":676545,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Mainmanuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6716831/v1_covered_753b8a87-e163-41e9-9763-075fbf186963.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"Competing interest reported. 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The results demonstrate that recycled aggregates can replace virgin materials by 25%, 35%, \u0026amp; 40% and sand by 100% without compromising performance. The work has been done on structural specimen like beams and cubes to evaluate compressive strength and flexural strength for different proportions of aggregate replacement. Results demonstrate that the potential of C\u0026amp;D waste recycling in enhancing the sustainability for rigid pavement construction, reducing environmental impacts, and decreasing the exploitation of virgin materials and dependency on virgin resources. 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