Endometriosis of the appendix presenting as acute appendicitis

Kafil Akhtar, Mohd Talha, Shivani Gupta, Ashok Kumar
In: IP Archives of Cytology and Histopathology Research · 2018 · vol. 3(1) , pp. 43–46 · doi:10.18231/2456-9267.2018.0009 · W2950308206
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A 24-year-old female with acute appendicitis symptoms was diagnosed with appendiceal endometriosis after histopathology revealed ectopic endometrial glands and stroma in the surgical specimen.

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This case report describes a 24-year-old female who presented with acute right iliac fossa pain and leukocytosis, leading to a provisional diagnosis of appendicitis. Following an appendectomy, histopathological examination revealed ectopic endometrial glands and stroma within the serosa, confirming a diagnosis of appendiceal endometriosis. The authors highlight that this condition can mimic acute appendicitis clinically, emphasizing the need for pathologists and surgeons to consider endometriosis in young women undergoing surgery for suspected appendicitis. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — specifically, the rare presentation of deep infiltrating endometriosis involving the appendix.

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Abstract

Acute appendicitis is a surgical emergency and accounts for 27.5% of the surgical cases. It is a very common cause of non-gynecologic lower abdominal pain and may occur simultaneously with a variety of gynecologic diseases. We report a case of a 24 years old female, who presented to the surgical emergency department with complaints of acute pain in abdomen for the last 1 day with tenderness in right iliac fossa. Laboratory reports showed leucocytosis with neutrophilia, with presence of toxic granules. A provisional diagnosis of appendicitis was made and the patient was operated. The appendectomy specimen on histopathological examination showed ectopic endometrial glands and stroma in the serosa, based on which a diagnosis of appendiceal endometriosis was given. This case emphasizes the importance of considering the diagnosis of appendiceal endometriosis in a young female of child bearing age with a clinical diagnosis of appendicitis. Keywords: Appendicitis, Endometriosis, Endometrial glands, Stroma.
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Acute appendicitis is a surgical emergency and accounts for 27.5% of the surgical cases. It is a very common cause of non-gynecologic lower abdominal pain and may occur simultaneously with a variety of gynecologic diseases. We report a case of a 24 years old female, who presented to the surgical emergency department with complaints of acute pain in abdomen for the last 1 day with tenderness in right iliac fossa. Laboratory reports showed leucocytosis with neutrophilia, with presence of toxic granules. A provisional diagnosis of appendicitis was made and the patient was operated. The appendectomy specimen on histopathological examination showed ectopic endometrial glands and stroma in the serosa, based on which a diagnosis of appendiceal endometriosis was given. This case emphasizes the importance of considering the diagnosis of appendiceal endometriosis in a young female of child bearing age with a clinical diagnosis of appendicitis. Akhtar K, Talha M, Gupta S, Kumar A. Endometriosis of the appendix presenting as acute appendicitis [Internet]. IP Arch Cytol Histopathol Res. 2018 [cited 2026 Aug 02];3(1):43-46. Available from: https://doi.org/10.18231/2456-9267.2018.0009 APA Akhtar, K., Talha, M., Gupta, S., Kumar, A. (2018). Endometriosis of the appendix presenting as acute appendicitis. IP Archives of Cytology and Histopathology Research, 3(1), 43-46. https://doi.org/10.18231/2456-9267.2018.0009 MLA Akhtar, Kafil, Talha, Mohd, Gupta, Shivani, Kumar, Ashok. "Endometriosis of the appendix presenting as acute appendicitis." IP Arch Cytol Histopathol Res, vol. 3, no. 1, 2018, pp. 43-46. https://doi.org/10.18231/2456-9267.2018.0009 Chicago Akhtar, K., Talha, M., Gupta, S., Kumar, A.. "Endometriosis of the appendix presenting as acute appendicitis." IP Arch Cytol Histopathol Res 3, no. 1 (2018): 43-46. https://doi.org/10.18231/2456-9267.2018.0009

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