Enhancing porous silicon biosensors performance: the interplay of nanostructure design and microfluidic integration

Enhancing porous silicon biosensors performance: the interplay of nanostructure design and microfluidic integration | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Enhancing porous silicon biosensors performance: the interplay of nanostructure design and microfluidic integration Janina Bahnemann, Kayan Awawdeh, Marc Buttkewitz, Ester Segal This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4178033/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 8 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In this article, we investigate mass transfer acceleration approaches aimed at enhancing the performance of porous silicon (PSi)-based biosensors. PSi biosensors tend to suffer from relatively poor sensitivity due to mass transfer limitations, which can be attributed to several factors including the bulk diffusion of the target in the solution toward the biosensor surface, the hindered diffusion within the porous layer, and simultaneous reaction with the immobilized capture probe molecules. This study considers the impact of different PSi structural characteristics (such as the pore diameter, porous layer thickness, and the capture probe density) on the overall performance of such sensors. Additionally, we look at the effect of incorporating convection on the performance of PSi biosensors, via their integration into sophisticated 3D-printed microfluidic platforms. The proposed 3D-printed microfluidic designs include micromixer components that can be deployed for both passive and active mixing to achieve superior sensitivity. We show that tuning the PSi biosensor characteristics improve performance significantly – achieving a calculated limit of detection (LOD) of 50 nM, which is > 1 order of magnitude lower than the achieved in similar previously developed biosensors. Furthermore, the integration of PSi with the different microfluidic systems can indeed improve the sensitivity of the aptasensor, and the LOD can be reduced by > 1 order of magnitude. Physical sciences/Nanoscience and technology/Nanobiotechnology/Biosensors Physical sciences/Materials science/Nanoscale materials/Structural properties Physical sciences/Nanoscience and technology/Nanobiotechnology/Microfluidics Aptamers Aptasensor Microfluidics Micromixers 3D printing Biosensors integration Lactoferrin Biomarker detection Full Text Additional Declarations (Not answered) Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: revise 22 May, 2024 Review # 1 received at journal 19 May, 2024 Reviewer # 1 agreed at journal 07 May, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 18 Apr, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 01 Apr, 2024 First submitted to journal 30 Mar, 2024 Unknown event 28 Mar, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 27 Mar, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4178033","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":292980045,"identity":"a39b8f91-055e-471f-ac61-c8b1c7e1c8c8","order_by":0,"name":"Janina Bahnemann","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABDklEQVRIie2PMUsDMRTH31Ho1NI1UqpfoUegLv0wF1zfBeHWG25qF72sKQ5+hYLgao7ATeqcoZODUwehcItSfKUeHWqwo0N+S+D/8ss/DyAQ+IdEBYChMwH2kwxgn+wmJypnxR9Ky0EZm8Njv9KZv1T2Ogc5uLut3ly+ktyllYEcRsr3sRuZWF1DxlavVxzr92ziZGKgBr7w1EQFjm2vC6JwOBli14pHR8kXJUvjUdSalC2Ie4eXn7i14kEjrUPJk0+hC7Y/ozeppZPOrFgyUqJd4ttFU0u/ZFnskA/T0gr9vCalZFx7WmKFfNNrpvLcYbzBxgo1R/4BzXSkPOvH+5wdDY6TlgvvJBAIBAIt37cZZX/9UAxxAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"University of Augsburg","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Janina","middleName":"","lastName":"Bahnemann","suffix":""},{"id":292980046,"identity":"4164d12a-11ca-4b22-8777-b03d1ad46827","order_by":1,"name":"Kayan Awawdeh","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Technion - Israel Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kayan","middleName":"","lastName":"Awawdeh","suffix":""},{"id":292980047,"identity":"6e5d7afa-8868-4ce2-adcd-6fab55ca141a","order_by":2,"name":"Marc Buttkewitz","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Leibniz University Hannover","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Marc","middleName":"","lastName":"Buttkewitz","suffix":""},{"id":292980048,"identity":"b07e9d87-4192-46e7-80ae-76ba1a3d8aea","order_by":3,"name":"Ester Segal","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9472-754X","institution":"Technion - Israel Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ester","middleName":"","lastName":"Segal","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-03-27 19:15:06","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4178033/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4178033/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":55127352,"identity":"8c7d4988-61b0-4f94-9853-0e1725815a77","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-04-23 03:16:54","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1407342,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptBahnemannSegalMicrosystemsNanoengineering032024.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4178033/v1_covered_84c8f1ac-8f90-418c-9ed2-5e80bdc1465c.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"(Not answered)","formattedTitle":"Enhancing porous silicon biosensors performance: the interplay of nanostructure design and microfluidic integration","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"microsystems-and-nanoengineering","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":false,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"micronano","sideBox":"Learn more about [Microsystems \u0026 Nanoengineering](http://www.nature.com/micronano/)","snPcode":"41378","submissionUrl":"https://mts-micronano.nature.com/","title":"Microsystems \u0026 Nanoengineering","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"ejp","reportingPortfolio":"Nature AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Aptamers, Aptasensor, Microfluidics, Micromixers, 3D printing, Biosensors integration, Lactoferrin, Biomarker detection","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4178033/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4178033/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eIn this article, we investigate mass transfer acceleration approaches aimed at enhancing the performance of porous silicon (PSi)-based biosensors. 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